A Basic Quiz On Economic And Social Development

Bihar has the largest percentage of persons below the poverty line. This can be attributed to various factors such as a high population density, low literacy rates, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to basic amenities and resources. These factors contribute to the overall poverty levels in the state, making it the state with the highest percentage of people living below the poverty line.

The correct answer is Planning Commission. The Outcome Budget introduced by the Government of India in 2005 is a collaborative effort between the Planning Commission and the Finance Ministry. The Planning Commission plays a crucial role in formulating and implementing development plans in India, while the Finance Ministry is responsible for managing the country's finances. Together, they work towards ensuring that government expenditure is aligned with desired outcomes and goals.

Punjab has the lowest percentage of persons below the poverty line among the given options. This means that Punjab has a relatively lower number of people living in poverty compared to Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Arunachal Pradesh.

The UPA government decided to reinstate the strategic sale route for PSU disinvestment with the public offer route. This means that the government will sell its stake in public sector undertakings (PSUs) through public offerings, allowing the general public to participate in the disinvestment process. This method ensures transparency and wider participation, as interested individuals and institutional investors can buy shares of the PSUs being divested. It also helps in raising funds for the government and reducing its stake in PSUs to promote private sector participation and efficiency.

Subsidies are the fastest increasing component of Central Government expenditure. This means that the amount of money spent on subsidies by the government is increasing at a faster rate compared to other components such as interest payments and defense. This could be due to various factors such as an increase in the number of subsidies provided, an increase in the amount of money allocated for each subsidy, or changes in government policies that prioritize providing financial support to specific sectors or groups.

Amartya Sen proposed the concept of 'P index' as a measure of income shortfall. The P index is a measure used to assess the extent and depth of poverty in a society by taking into account the income shortfall of individuals below the poverty line. It provides a more comprehensive understanding of poverty by considering not only the proportion of people living in poverty but also the intensity of their poverty. This index has been widely used in poverty analysis and policy-making to evaluate the effectiveness of poverty reduction measures.

After the launch of the New Economic Policy, rural poverty initially increased but eventually declined in 1993-94. This suggests that the policy had a negative impact on rural poverty in the beginning, but over time, measures were taken to address the issue and alleviate poverty, leading to a decrease in rural poverty rates.

The term 'Brown Agenda' refers to the focus on the well-being of the present generation, particularly those living in urban slums. It highlights the need to address the challenges and improve the living conditions of individuals in these marginalized communities. This term does not specifically refer to the need to safeguard the earth for future generations or a general concern for the environment.

Dandekar and Rath were the first to use energy requirements (calorie) as a measure of poverty in India. This means that they developed a method to assess poverty levels based on the amount of energy (calories) needed by individuals to meet their basic needs. This approach allowed for a more objective and quantifiable measure of poverty, as it focused on the essential element of energy consumption. Amartya Sen and T.N. Srinivasan may have made contributions to poverty measurement in India, but they were not the first to use energy requirements as a measure of poverty.

The HPI (Human Poverty Index) measures deprivation as a composite index of knowledge, standard of living, and longevity. This means that it takes into account factors such as education, income, health, and life expectancy to assess the level of poverty experienced by individuals or communities. By considering these three dimensions, the HPI provides a more holistic understanding of human poverty and allows for a comprehensive evaluation of well-being.