QUIZ 12-1

1. The gradual process of environmental change and species replacement is called

The theory of continental drift

Succession

Thermoregulation

El Nino

2. Mutualism is an interaction between two species in which

Both species benefit

Neither species benefits

One benefits and the other receives no benefit or harm

Both are harmed

3. An example of a negative symbiotic relationship is

Commensalism

Parasitism

Mutualism

Unionism

4. Ants live in close association with certain species of Acacia trees. The ants protect the Acacia from invasion by other insects while the tree provides nectar for the ants to eat. This is an example of

Parasitism

Commensalism

Mutualism

Ecotropism

5. After a period of stable population size the natality rate increases by 10% and the rate of immigration increases by 20%. How will this effect population size?

Population size will begin to decrease

Population size will begin to increase

Population size will remain unchanged

One can not tell because the initial rates are unknown

6. If you go hiking in the Smokys and climb one of the mountains you will find that you pass through several plant communities as you get higher. The boundary between these communities may be very sharp and easy to identify or may be very gradual and difficult to see. This boundary zone, whether sharp or gradual is referred to as a(n)

Community cline

Ecotone

Community gradient

Junction zone

7. Which of the following is not a trend in secondary succession?

Plant diversity becomes higher later in succession

Biomass becomes smaller later in succession

NPP is lower later in succession

Organisms tend to be K-selected later in succession

8. A climax community

Is the 1st stage of succession

Gives rise to other communities

Is stable as long as the environment is stable

Is made up of the same members regardless of what ecosystem it's in

9. The estimated size of the population of Homo sapiens on the planet earth has exceeded

2 billion

6 billion

10 billion

25 billion

10. Which of the following is an example of primary succession?

Lichens living on bare rock slowly break it down into soil allowing grasses to establish

An agricultural field is abandoned and native species colonize the area

After a logging company cuts the timber and leaves the area, grasses, shrubs and eventually trees grow on the site

After a wild fires burns a tract of forest, small herbs and grasses grow followed by bushes and trees

11. R-selected species generally make good colonizers of disturbed habitats because of their

Low carrying capacities

High reproductive rates

Intensive parental care

High individual survival rates

12. Which of the following statements is false?

The pioneer community in the primary succession of bare rock is lichens

The climax community is stable as long as the climate is stable

In secondary succession, soil is absent

The climax community of eastern Tennessee farmland which has undergone secondary succession is an eastern deciduous forest

13. The characteristic survivorship curve for a k-selected species is

A type I or type II survivorship curve

A type I or type III survivorship curve

A type III survivorship curve only

A type I, type II or type III survivorship curve

14. The concept that a single niche can be occupied by only one species at a given time in known as

Competitive exclusion

Limited carrying capacity

Symbiosis

R-selectionist strategy

15. The population of fish in a pond stays at or near 200 individuals. If the population exceeds this number the resources are consumed and the population crashes and eventually returns close to 200. The number of fish the pond can support over time is its

Competitive number

Biotic potential

Carrying capacity

Natality

16. All of the possible roles an organism could fill in the community is called its

Tolerance level

Competitive index

Range

Fundamental niche

17. All of the following characteristics are typical of a k-selected species except

Death rates are relatively low early in life

There is a large amount of parental care

They are found in stable climates

They produce many offspring during each reproductive period

18. Which of the following factors is not important in determining the biotic potential (r) for a population?

The number of offspring produced per reproductive cycle

The length of the reproductive life span

The age at which reproduction begins

The size of the population's range

Quiz 12-1