Quiz #1 – Chapter 17

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  • 1/21 Questions

    Cell fragment found in blood; involved in clotting.

    • Embolism
    • Lymphocyte
    • Monocyte
    • Platelet
    • Serum
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Quiz #1 – Chapter 17 - Quiz
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Quiz #1 – Chapter 17

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  • 2. 

    Red blood cells

    • Basophil

    • Erythrocytes

    • Lymphocyte

    • Monocyte

    • Platelet

    Correct Answer
    A. Erythrocytes
    Explanation
    Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are the correct answer. They are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body and removing carbon dioxide. Erythrocytes are the most abundant type of blood cell and are characterized by their lack of a nucleus and their red color, which is due to the presence of the protein hemoglobin. These cells are essential for maintaining proper oxygen levels in the body and play a crucial role in overall health and well-being.

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  • 3. 

    Yellow pigment of bile.

    • Bilirubin

    • Erythrocytes

    • Monocyte

    • Lymphocyte

    • Thrombocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Bilirubin
    Explanation
    Bilirubin is the yellow pigment found in bile. It is formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells. When red blood cells are broken down, bilirubin is released and transported to the liver, where it is conjugated and then excreted in bile. Bilirubin plays an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood can indicate liver or gallbladder dysfunction.

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  • 4. 

    An increase in the number of leukocytes (WBC); usually the result of a microbiological attack on the body.

    • Diapedesis

    • Fibrinolysis

    • Hemostasis

    • Leukocytosis

    • Hematopoiesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Leukocytosis
    Explanation
    Leukocytosis refers to an increase in the number of leukocytes, which are white blood cells. This increase is usually a response to a microbiological attack on the body, such as an infection. Leukocytes play a crucial role in the immune system and are responsible for fighting off pathogens. Therefore, when the body is under attack, it produces more leukocytes to help combat the infection. Leukocytosis is a normal physiological response and is often seen in cases of bacterial or viral infections.

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  • 5. 

    The percentage of total blood volume occupied by erythrocytes.

    • Hematocrit

    • Serum

    • Hemostasis

    • Diapedesis

    • Basophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Hematocrit
    Explanation
    Hematocrit refers to the percentage of total blood volume that is occupied by erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells. It is a measure of the proportion of red blood cells in relation to the total blood volume. A higher hematocrit indicates a higher concentration of red blood cells, which can be an indicator of conditions such as dehydration or polycythemia. Conversely, a lower hematocrit may suggest conditions like anemia or blood loss. Therefore, hematocrit is an important parameter to assess the blood's ability to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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  • 6. 

    Granular white blood cell whose granules readily take up an acid stain called eosin.

    • Albumin

    • Bilirubin

    • Eosinophil

    • Lymphocyte

    • Neutrophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Eosinophil
    Explanation
    Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that have granules in their cytoplasm which easily take up an acid stain called eosin. This staining property allows eosinophils to be easily identified and distinguished from other types of white blood cells. Eosinophils are involved in the immune response against parasites and are also associated with allergic reactions and asthma.

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  • 7. 

    Blood cell formation

    • Hemostasis

    • Leukocytosis

    • Fibrinolysis

    • Hematopoiesis

    • Diapedesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Hematopoiesis
    Explanation
    Hematopoiesis refers to the process of blood cell formation in the body. It occurs in the bone marrow and involves the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This process is essential for maintaining a healthy blood supply and ensuring proper functioning of the immune system. Hematopoiesis is a continuous process that occurs throughout life, with new blood cells being produced to replace old or damaged ones.

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  • 8. 

    Clumping of (foreign) cells; induced by cross-linking of antigen-antibody complexes.

    • Hematopoiesis

    • Diapedesis

    • Agglutination

    • Leukocytosis

    • Fibrinolysis

    Correct Answer
    A. Agglutination
    Explanation
    Agglutination refers to the clumping together of foreign cells, which is induced by the cross-linking of antigen-antibody complexes. This process occurs when antibodies bind to antigens on the surface of foreign cells, causing them to stick together and form clumps. Agglutination is an important immune response mechanism that helps to immobilize and remove foreign cells from the body. It is commonly used in laboratory tests, such as blood typing, to identify and detect the presence of specific antigens on cells.

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  • 9. 

    Immature erythrocyte.

    • Thrombocyte

    • Reticulocyte

    • Lymphocyte

    • Erythrocyte

    • Monocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Reticulocyte
    Explanation
    A reticulocyte is an immature erythrocyte, or red blood cell. It is called a reticulocyte because it contains remnants of ribosomal RNA, giving it a reticular or network-like appearance when viewed under a microscope. Reticulocytes are released into the bloodstream from the bone marrow and eventually mature into fully functional erythrocytes. They are an important indicator of bone marrow activity and can be used to assess the production of new red blood cells.

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  • 10. 

    Amber-colored fluid that exudes from clotted blood as the clot shrinks; plasma without clotting factors.

    • Basophil

    • Bilirubin

    • Platelet

    • Serum

    • Thrombus

    Correct Answer
    A. Serum
    Explanation
    Serum is the correct answer because it is an amber-colored fluid that is released from clotted blood as the clot shrinks. It is essentially plasma without clotting factors, making it different from whole blood. Serum is often used in medical tests to analyze various substances and components within the blood.

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  • 11. 

    The most abundant type of white blood cell.

    • Albumin

    • Erythrocyte

    • Lymphocyte

    • Neutrophil

    • Reticulocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Neutrophil
    Explanation
    Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell in the body. They play a crucial role in the immune system's defense against bacterial and fungal infections. Neutrophils are highly mobile and are the first responders to sites of infection or inflammation. They are capable of engulfing and destroying invading pathogens through a process called phagocytosis. This makes them an essential component of the body's innate immune response. Neutrophils are characterized by their multilobed nucleus and granules in their cytoplasm, which contain enzymes and antimicrobial substances.

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  • 12. 

    The most abundant plasma protein.

    • Neutrophil

    • Albumin

    • Bilirubin

    • Platelet

    • Basophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Albumin
    Explanation
    Albumin is the correct answer because it is the most abundant plasma protein in the human body. It is produced by the liver and plays a crucial role in maintaining osmotic pressure, transporting hormones, fatty acids, and drugs, and regulating pH levels. Albumin also helps to prevent fluid leakage from blood vessels and acts as a carrier for various substances in the bloodstream.

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  • 13. 

    Platelet; cell fragment that participates in blood coagulation.

    • Thrombus

    • Thrombocyte

    • Reticulocyte

    • Lymphocyte

    • Monocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Thrombocyte
    Explanation
    Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, are cell fragments that play a crucial role in blood coagulation. When there is an injury or damage to blood vessels, thrombocytes gather at the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. They also release chemicals that help in the formation of fibrin, a protein that forms a mesh to trap red blood cells and create a blood clot. This clotting process is essential for preventing excessive bleeding and promoting wound healing. Therefore, thrombocytes are vital components of the body's defense mechanism against bleeding.

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  • 14. 

    Large single-nucleus white blood cell; agranular leukocyte.

    • Erythrocytes

    • Lymphocyte

    • Monocyte

    • Neutrophil

    • Thrombocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Monocyte
    Explanation
    Monocytes are large single-nucleus white blood cells that lack granules in their cytoplasm, making them agranular leukocytes. They are part of the body's immune system and are responsible for phagocytosis, the process of engulfing and destroying pathogens and cellular debris. Monocytes are produced in the bone marrow and then circulate in the bloodstream before migrating to tissues where they mature into macrophages or dendritic cells. This allows them to play a crucial role in immune response and inflammation.

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  • 15. 

    A clot that develops and persists in an unbroken blood vessel.

    • Embolism

    • Thrombus

    • Neutrophil

    • Serum

    • Eosinophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Thrombus
    Explanation
    A thrombus is a clot that forms and remains in a blood vessel. This can obstruct blood flow and potentially lead to serious health complications. Unlike an embolism, which is a clot that travels through the bloodstream and can cause blockages in other parts of the body, a thrombus remains localized in the blood vessel where it formed.

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  • 16. 

    White blood cell whose granules stain purplish-black and nucleus purple with basic dye.

    • Albumin

    • Basophil

    • Bilirubin

    • Platelet

    • Neutrophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Basophil
    Explanation
    Basophils are a type of white blood cell that have granules in their cytoplasm. These granules contain substances that can be stained purplish-black. The nucleus of basophils also stains purple with basic dye. Therefore, basophils are the white blood cells that fit the description given in the question.

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  • 17. 

    Process that removes unneeded blood clots when healing has occurred.

    • Agglutination

    • Diapedesis

    • Fibrinolysis

    • Hematopoiesis

    • Leukocytosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Fibrinolysis
    Explanation
    Fibrinolysis is the process that removes unneeded blood clots when healing has occurred. It involves the breakdown of fibrin, a protein that forms the structure of blood clots, by the enzyme plasmin. This process helps to prevent excessive clotting and allows for the restoration of normal blood flow. Fibrinolysis is an important mechanism in maintaining the balance between clot formation and clot dissolution in the body.

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  • 18. 

    Obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus (blood clot, fatty mass, bubble of air, or other debris) floating in the blood.

    • Thrombus

    • Serum

    • Lymphocyte

    • Erythrocytes

    • Embolism

    Correct Answer
    A. Embolism
    Explanation
    Embolism occurs when a blood vessel is blocked by a foreign object, such as a blood clot, fatty mass, bubble of air, or other debris, that is floating in the bloodstream. This blockage can disrupt blood flow and lead to various complications, depending on the location and size of the embolus.

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  • 19. 

    Stoppage of bleeding.

    • Diapedesis

    • Fibrinolysis

    • Hematopoiesis

    • Hemostasis

    • Leukocytosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Hemostasis
    Explanation
    Hemostasis refers to the process of stopping bleeding. It involves a series of events that occur in response to blood vessel injury, including vasoconstriction, formation of a platelet plug, and blood clotting. These mechanisms work together to prevent excessive blood loss and maintain the integrity of the damaged blood vessel.

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  • 20. 

    Agranular white blood cell that arises from bone marrow and becomes functionally mature in the lymphoid organs of the body.

    • Bilirubin

    • Erythrocytes

    • Lymphocyte

    • Monocyte

    • Neutrophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphocyte
    Explanation
    A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that is produced in the bone marrow and matures in the lymphoid organs of the body. It is an agranular cell, meaning it does not contain granules in its cytoplasm. Lymphocytes play a crucial role in the immune system, as they are involved in recognizing and destroying foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. They are also responsible for the production of antibodies, which help to neutralize harmful pathogens. Overall, lymphocytes are essential for maintaining the body's immune response and protecting against infections and diseases.

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  • 21. 

    Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into tissue.

    • Thrombus

    • Leukocytosis

    • Hemostasis

    • Fibrinolysis

    • Diapedesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Diapedesis
    Explanation
    Diapedesis refers to the process in which white blood cells move from the bloodstream through intact blood vessel walls into the surrounding tissues. This process is an essential part of the immune response, allowing white blood cells to migrate to the site of infection or injury. It helps in the defense against pathogens and promotes tissue repair.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 19, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 19, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jan 11, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Javanhove
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