Traffic Engineering (Ten) Test Questions & Answers

The width of vehicles affects the width of lanes because wider vehicles require wider lanes to accommodate them. Similarly, the width of vehicles also affects the width of shoulders as wider vehicles may encroach on the shoulder space. Additionally, the width of vehicles can also impact the width of parking spaces, as wider vehicles may require larger parking spaces to ensure they can be parked safely and comfortably. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

Traffic engineering encompasses all of the mentioned aspects: planning of regulatory measures, design and application of control devices, analysis of traffic characteristics, and traffic operation. It involves the systematic study and application of techniques to optimize the flow of traffic, enhance safety, and improve efficiency on roadways. By considering all these elements, traffic engineers can effectively manage and control traffic to ensure smooth and safe transportation for all road users.

Traffic surveys are carried out to gather information about the type of traffic, which helps in understanding the volume and patterns of vehicles on the road. This information is crucial for determining the facilities required to manage the traffic effectively and enforce traffic regulations. Additionally, traffic surveys also contribute to designing a proper drainage system by considering the impact of traffic on water flow and drainage infrastructure. Therefore, the correct answer is "all the above" as traffic surveys serve multiple purposes in understanding, managing, and designing for traffic.

The thickness of a pavement can be reduced considerably by a combination of all the mentioned factors. Compaction of soil helps to increase its density, making it more stable and less prone to settling. Stabilization of soil involves adding materials such as cement or lime to enhance its strength and durability. This further reduces the required thickness of the pavement. Additionally, proper drainage of soil ensures that water does not accumulate and weaken the pavement structure. When all these factors are combined, the pavement can be designed to be thinner while still maintaining its integrity and performance.

The design of horizontal and vertical alignments, super-elevation, sight distance, and grades is worst affected by the speed of the vehicle. This is because these design elements are primarily determined based on the anticipated speed of the vehicles using the road. Higher speeds require wider curves, smoother vertical profiles, and longer sight distances to ensure safe and efficient travel. Therefore, the speed of the vehicle has a significant impact on the design considerations for these elements.

The traffic volume study is carried out for rural roads for 7 days continuously during both the harvesting and lean seasons. This is because the traffic patterns and volumes can vary significantly between these two seasons. During the harvesting season, there may be increased agricultural activities and transportation of goods, leading to higher traffic volumes. On the other hand, during the lean season, there may be fewer vehicles on the road due to reduced agricultural activities. Therefore, studying the traffic volume during both seasons provides a comprehensive understanding of the road usage throughout the year.

The super-elevation of a road is the banking of the road at a curve to counteract the centrifugal force experienced by vehicles. It helps vehicles to maintain stability and prevent skidding. The correct answer of 1 in 40 suggests that for every 40 units of horizontal distance, the road should be raised by 1 unit. In this case, for a horizontal curve of 1000 m, the road should be raised by 25 m to provide the necessary super-elevation for a design speed of 75 km/h.

The minimum value of camber provided for thin bituminous surface hill roads is 2.5%. Camber is the slope provided on the road surface to ensure proper drainage of water. In hilly areas, the roads are usually steep, and water tends to accumulate on the surface, leading to potential hazards like skidding and erosion. By providing a minimum camber of 2.5%, the road is sloped slightly to one side, allowing water to drain off and preventing any accumulation. This helps in maintaining the stability and safety of the road, especially on hilly terrains.

The super-elevation on roads is not directly proportional to the velocity of vehicles. Super-elevation is the banking of a road or track on a curve to counteract the centrifugal force experienced by vehicles. The amount of super-elevation required depends on the radius of curvature of the road, not the velocity of vehicles.

The minimum ratio of the radii of two circular curves of a compound curve is kept at 1.5. This means that the radius of the smaller curve is 1.5 times smaller than the radius of the larger curve. This ratio is important in designing compound curves as it ensures a smooth transition between the two curves. If the ratio is too small, it may result in a sharp change in direction, causing discomfort for vehicles or potential accidents. On the other hand, if the ratio is too large, it may result in a very gradual change in direction, which may not be feasible in certain situations.

The correct answer is 1960. The Border Roads Organisation for hilly regions was formed in 1960. This organization was established to develop and maintain road infrastructure in the border areas of India, particularly in hilly regions. The construction and maintenance of roads in these challenging terrains are crucial for the defense and connectivity of remote areas. Formed after the Sino-Indian War of 1962, the Border Roads Organisation plays a vital role in ensuring the strategic and logistical requirements of the Indian armed forces in these regions.

The weaving length of a roadway refers to the distance between the channelizing islands. Channelizing islands are raised or painted areas on the roadway that help to guide and separate traffic, especially in areas where multiple lanes merge or diverge. The weaving length is important because it determines the amount of space available for vehicles to safely change lanes or merge with other traffic.

During the detailed survey of a hill road, the first operation is the fixation of Bench Marks. Bench Marks are fixed reference points that are used to establish and measure elevations along the road. They provide a basis for accurate measurements and help in determining the slope and gradient of the road. By fixing Bench Marks, surveyors can ensure that all subsequent measurements and calculations are done with precision and accuracy. This step is crucial in the surveying process as it forms the foundation for the rest of the survey work.

In hilly regions, the usual width of parapet walls along highways is 60 cm. This width is determined based on the need to provide adequate protection and safety for vehicles traveling on the highway. The wider width helps to prevent accidents and provides a barrier between the road and any steep slopes or drop-offs along the highway. Additionally, the 60 cm width allows for easy maintenance and repair of the parapet walls when necessary.

The road makers along roads from the edge of a kerb should not be less than 60 cm. This means that the width of the road should be at least 60 cm from the edge of the kerb. This is important for safety reasons, as a wider road allows for better visibility and maneuverability for vehicles. It also provides more space for pedestrians and cyclists, ensuring that they have enough room to move safely alongside the road.