Every Software Developer Should Pass This Test!

1. A Variable is created to hold the possible answer to Question 6. It is named answer6 Initialisation occurs like this: answer6 = [ "A", "B", "C", "D" ] Which of the following statements would return "C"?

Answer6[0]

Answer6[2]

Nswer6[3]

Count(answer6)

Zero based array.

Explanation

Zero based array.

2. Hannah has stored a list of sports within the following one-dimensional array. The number of comparisons required to find the item 'kayaking' using a linear search is

3

5

6

10

The correct answer is 6 because in a linear search, each element of the array is compared with the target element until a match is found or the end of the array is reached. In this case, Hannah would need to compare "kayaking" with each of the 6 elements in the array before finding a match.

Explanation

The correct answer is 6 because in a linear search, each element of the array is compared with the target element until a match is found or the end of the array is reached. In this case, Hannah would need to compare "kayaking" with each of the 6 elements in the array before finding a match.

3. Saritha researched the different methods used to calculate whether an individual is within a healthy weight range. She chose to use the body mass index (BMI) method. Instead of entering values into a spreadsheet to calculate an individual's BMI, she used her programming skills to write an application for mobile phones. Shown below is the user interface for the application that Saritha developed. It shows the BMI displayed when Jim, one of her classmates, entered his details into the application. The values for height and weight to calculate BMI need to be of which data types?

String and integer

Integer and string

Integer and integer

Floating point and floating point

The values for height and weight need to be of floating point data types because BMI calculations involve decimal numbers. Using integer data types would result in inaccurate calculations and potentially incorrect BMI values.

Explanation

The values for height and weight need to be of floating point data types because BMI calculations involve decimal numbers. Using integer data types would result in inaccurate calculations and potentially incorrect BMI values.

4. A programmer has been asked to improve the processing speed of a software solution. The solution reads data from a text file stored on a USB hard drive into RAM. Why is reading the data from RAM more efficient than reading the data from the file stored on the USB hard drive?

RAM is more cost-effective than USB hard drives.

RAM has faster read/write speeds than USB hard drives.

RAM generates significantly less heat than USB hard drives.

RAM is not affected by magnetic fields as USB hard drives are.

Reading data from RAM is more efficient than reading data from a file stored on a USB hard drive because RAM has faster read/write speeds compared to USB hard drives. RAM allows for quicker access to data, reducing the time it takes for the software solution to process the data. USB hard drives, on the other hand, have slower read/write speeds, which can result in slower data retrieval and processing times.

Explanation

Reading data from RAM is more efficient than reading data from a file stored on a USB hard drive because RAM has faster read/write speeds compared to USB hard drives. RAM allows for quicker access to data, reducing the time it takes for the software solution to process the data. USB hard drives, on the other hand, have slower read/write speeds, which can result in slower data retrieval and processing times.

5. For the social media platform, tracking user interactions and summarising the data to make changes to the platform is an example of

Data mining.

Data searching.

Data protection.

Data extensions.

Tracking user interactions and summarizing the data to make changes to the platform is an example of data mining. Data mining involves analyzing large sets of data to discover patterns, relationships, and insights that can be used to make informed decisions and improvements. In this case, the platform is using the data collected from user interactions to gain valuable insights and make changes that enhance the user experience or optimize the platform's performance.

Explanation

Tracking user interactions and summarizing the data to make changes to the platform is an example of data mining. Data mining involves analyzing large sets of data to discover patterns, relationships, and insights that can be used to make informed decisions and improvements. In this case, the platform is using the data collected from user interactions to gain valuable insights and make changes that enhance the user experience or optimize the platform's performance.

6. Maddie is setting up a file of records that need to be shared with a range of people with different operating systems and applications. Jono has suggested that she consider setting it up as an XML file. What is the key reason why Jono has suggested that an XML file should be considered?

It can be displayed as a web page.

It provides a common structure for sharing data between applications.

It is difficult to modify, so people will not be able to edit the file or lose data.

It requires the same tags in each record, so the structure will be easy to read and to follow.

Jono has suggested using an XML file because it provides a common structure for sharing data between applications. XML allows for standardized formatting and organization of data, making it easier for different operating systems and applications to interpret and use the information. This ensures that the data can be easily shared and accessed by a range of people with different systems and applications, promoting interoperability and efficiency.

Explanation

Jono has suggested using an XML file because it provides a common structure for sharing data between applications. XML allows for standardized formatting and organization of data, making it easier for different operating systems and applications to interpret and use the information. This ensures that the data can be easily shared and accessed by a range of people with different systems and applications, promoting interoperability and efficiency.

7. A program stores the following data in memory: "Johan", "Symonds", 25, 3.24, FALSE The most appropriate data structure to store it is

a one-dimensional array.

An associative array.

a record.

A string.

A record holds data of different data types.

Explanation

A record holds data of different data types.

8. Which of the following functions would return the result 8?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

9. To be eligible to attempt a driver's licence test in Victoria, as well as being at least 18 years old, learners must complete at least 120 hours of documented driving practice, including at least 20 hours of driving at night. Which of the following statements would test for these conditions correctly?

Age >= 18 and (hours >= 120 or nightHours >= 20)

(age >= 18 and nightHours >= 20) or hours >= 120

Age >= 18 and hours >= 120 and nightHours >= 20

Age >= 18 or (hours >= 120 and nightHours >= 20)

The correct answer is "age >= 18 and hours >= 120 and nightHours >= 20" because it correctly represents the conditions required to be eligible for a driver's license test in Victoria. The statement checks that the person is at least 18 years old, has completed at least 120 hours of driving practice, and has completed at least 20 hours of driving at night.

Explanation

The correct answer is "age >= 18 and hours >= 120 and nightHours >= 20" because it correctly represents the conditions required to be eligible for a driver's license test in Victoria. The statement checks that the person is at least 18 years old, has completed at least 120 hours of driving practice, and has completed at least 20 hours of driving at night.

10. The Australian Privacy Principles are guidelines that form part of which legislation?

Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014.

Privacy Act 1988.

Copyright Act 1968.

Health Records Act 2001.

The correct answer is the Privacy Act 1988. The Australian Privacy Principles are guidelines that are included in the Privacy Act 1988. This legislation regulates how personal information is handled by entities in the private and public sectors in Australia. It sets out the obligations of organizations to protect individuals' privacy and outlines the rights of individuals in relation to their personal information. The Privacy Act 1988 aims to balance the need for organizations to collect and use personal information with the protection of individuals' privacy rights.

Explanation

The correct answer is the Privacy Act 1988. The Australian Privacy Principles are guidelines that are included in the Privacy Act 1988. This legislation regulates how personal information is handled by entities in the private and public sectors in Australia. It sets out the obligations of organizations to protect individuals' privacy and outlines the rights of individuals in relation to their personal information. The Privacy Act 1988 aims to balance the need for organizations to collect and use personal information with the protection of individuals' privacy rights.

11. A magazine publisher has some people who work from home. They connect into the publisher's network to upload articles and do research. When they connect to the publisher, which technology do they use?

VPN

HTML

HTTPS

FTP/IP

When the magazine publisher's remote workers connect to the publisher's network to upload articles and do research, they use VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology. VPN allows users to securely access and transmit data over a public network by creating a private and encrypted connection. This ensures that the remote workers can connect to the publisher's network securely and privately, protecting the confidentiality and integrity of the data being transmitted.

Explanation

When the magazine publisher's remote workers connect to the publisher's network to upload articles and do research, they use VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology. VPN allows users to securely access and transmit data over a public network by creating a private and encrypted connection. This ensures that the remote workers can connect to the publisher's network securely and privately, protecting the confidentiality and integrity of the data being transmitted.

12. Dependencies are indicated

Using arrows

By shading cells.

In the ‘Task’ column.

In the ‘Duration (weeks)’ column.

The correct answer is using arrows because arrows are commonly used to indicate dependencies between tasks in project management. By using arrows, it becomes clear which tasks are dependent on others and in what sequence they need to be completed. This helps in planning and scheduling the project effectively, ensuring that tasks are executed in the correct order to avoid delays or issues.

Explanation

The correct answer is using arrows because arrows are commonly used to indicate dependencies between tasks in project management. By using arrows, it becomes clear which tasks are dependent on others and in what sequence they need to be completed. This helps in planning and scheduling the project effectively, ensuring that tasks are executed in the correct order to avoid delays or issues.

13. In a Gantt chart, the completion of hardware installation is often a milestone in a project. A milestone shows that

A major delay in a project has been avoided.

A major point in a project has been reached.

A dependency in a project has been completed.

No further work can happen until another task is complete.

A milestone in a Gantt chart represents a significant point in a project that has been reached. It indicates the completion of a major task or achievement that marks progress in the project. It does not necessarily imply a delay, a dependency, or the need for another task to be completed before further work can happen. Instead, it signifies a significant milestone or accomplishment in the project's timeline.

Explanation

A milestone in a Gantt chart represents a significant point in a project that has been reached. It indicates the completion of a major task or achievement that marks progress in the project. It does not necessarily imply a delay, a dependency, or the need for another task to be completed before further work can happen. Instead, it signifies a significant milestone or accomplishment in the project's timeline.

14. Which control structure is used in the pseudocode?

Iteration

Selection

Function

Internal documentation

The correct answer is "iteration" because iteration is a control structure that allows a set of instructions to be repeated multiple times based on a certain condition. It is commonly used in programming to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specific condition is met. In the context of pseudocode, iteration is used to represent loops or repetitive actions in an algorithm or program.

Explanation

The correct answer is "iteration" because iteration is a control structure that allows a set of instructions to be repeated multiple times based on a certain condition. It is commonly used in programming to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specific condition is met. In the context of pseudocode, iteration is used to represent loops or repetitive actions in an algorithm or program.

15. How many comparisons need to occur to find the name 'Vinnie' in the array?

3

4

7

17

To find the name 'Vinnie' in the array, a total of 4 comparisons need to occur. This means that the algorithm will compare 'Vinnie' with 4 other names in the array before finding a match.

Explanation

To find the name 'Vinnie' in the array, a total of 4 comparisons need to occur. This means that the algorithm will compare 'Vinnie' with 4 other names in the array before finding a match.

16. A large computer game development company has developed a number of apps. It stores data about users of these apps in a number of databases. The company regularly reviews this data to identify patterns and to make decisions about the next game to develop or what advertising to promote in the apps. This practice is referred to as

Data mining.

Source data.

Data validation.

Analysis of primary and secondary data.

The practice described in the question involves reviewing data about users of apps in order to identify patterns and make decisions about game development and advertising. This process is commonly known as data mining. Data mining involves analyzing large sets of data to discover patterns, relationships, and insights that can be used for decision-making purposes. In this case, the company is using data mining to inform their decisions about game development and advertising strategies based on the patterns they identify in the data about their app users.

Explanation

The practice described in the question involves reviewing data about users of apps in order to identify patterns and make decisions about game development and advertising. This process is commonly known as data mining. Data mining involves analyzing large sets of data to discover patterns, relationships, and insights that can be used for decision-making purposes. In this case, the company is using data mining to inform their decisions about game development and advertising strategies based on the patterns they identify in the data about their app users.

17. Which of the following statements best describes a Waterfall development model?

Each stage must be fully completed before continuing to the next stage.

Each stage can only be revisited after evaluation is complete.

Each stage can be revisited once the next stage is complete.

A Gantt chart cannot be used to display a Waterfall model.

In a waterfall development model, you do not go back to a previous stage.

Explanation

In a waterfall development model, you do not go back to a previous stage.

18. Julie has updated the terms and conditions document for her organisation's website. The previous file was called "termsandcond_2019_12.docx". When she saved the file this time, she called it "termsandcond_2020_03.docx". Julie is using a different file name because

She is making a backup of the old file.

She is implementing version control.

She did not make any changes.

She has a new computer.

One simple way of managing different file versions is to record the date in the filename

Explanation

One simple way of managing different file versions is to record the date in the filename

19. To function, the vast range of services that operate over the internet requires a library of technical and communication standards. The term for these technical and communication standards is

HTML.

Malware.

Monitors.

Protocols.

The question asks for the term that refers to the technical and communication standards required for the functioning of various internet services. The correct answer is "protocols." Protocols are a set of rules and guidelines that enable different devices and systems to communicate and interact with each other over the internet. They define how data is transmitted, received, and processed, ensuring seamless communication between different services and devices. HTML, malware, and monitors are not specifically related to the technical and communication standards required for internet services, making them incorrect choices.

Explanation

The question asks for the term that refers to the technical and communication standards required for the functioning of various internet services. The correct answer is "protocols." Protocols are a set of rules and guidelines that enable different devices and systems to communicate and interact with each other over the internet. They define how data is transmitted, received, and processed, ensuring seamless communication between different services and devices. HTML, malware, and monitors are not specifically related to the technical and communication standards required for internet services, making them incorrect choices.

20. Jack is writing a software solution that will produce an invoice. The software solution regularly accesses a section of code that calculates the goods and services tax (GST) payable on each item. This processing feature is referred to as

A method.

A function.

A calculation

An instruction.

The software solution regularly accesses a section of code that calculates the goods and services tax (GST) payable on each item. This indicates that the processing feature is a specific block of code that performs a specific task, which aligns with the definition of a function in programming. A function is a self-contained block of code that can be called and executed whenever needed, making it the most appropriate choice for this scenario.

Explanation

The software solution regularly accesses a section of code that calculates the goods and services tax (GST) payable on each item. This indicates that the processing feature is a specific block of code that performs a specific task, which aligns with the definition of a function in programming. A function is a self-contained block of code that can be called and executed whenever needed, making it the most appropriate choice for this scenario.

21. Simone is writing a software solution that summarises the daily sales for a food truck store. She must read through the sales file one line at a time. The most appropriate control structure for this process would be

An iteration.

A statement.

A selection.

An array.

Iteration allows looping through code, in this case reading one line from the file at a time.

Explanation

Iteration allows looping through code, in this case reading one line from the file at a time.

22. A company has a twice daily backup routine which is checked every month. Customers who do not contact the company for 6 months are removed from the main database but can still be found in the complete company records database. This is an example of

Archiving.

Efficiency.

File disposal.

Data security.

Removed to NOT main database – not just copied.

Explanation

Removed to NOT main database – not just copied.

23. Which trace table is representative of the algorithm above immediately after the loop is executed for the second time?

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

Many students selected the option that displayed the output at
the end of the second loop. However, the algorithm provided
only outputs the result of the total once all the values in the
array have been added.

Explanation

Many students selected the option that displayed the output at
the end of the second loop. However, the algorithm provided
only outputs the result of the total once all the values in the
array have been added.

24. A local IT business has installed a home network for Maria. Maria asked the technician if she needed to set up encryption on the wi-fi router or whether the firewall would offer enough protection. Which one of the following would be the most appropriate response from the technician?

Up-to-date virus protection should be enough to keep out unwanted interference.

Encryption does the same job as a firewall, so using both would only slow down network traffic.

The technician explains that encryption is necessary to protect the data traffic in the home network by making it unreadable to unauthorized scanning. On the other hand, the firewall primarily protects the network by scanning incoming packets. Therefore, it is advisable to have both encryption and a firewall to ensure comprehensive protection for the home network.

Explanation

The technician explains that encryption is necessary to protect the data traffic in the home network by making it unreadable to unauthorized scanning. On the other hand, the firewall primarily protects the network by scanning incoming packets. Therefore, it is advisable to have both encryption and a firewall to ensure comprehensive protection for the home network.

25. Use the following information to answer Questions 30 and 31. Frankie copies his completed programming folio from a school computer's hard drive onto a USB flash drive. Two days later, Frankie returns to the computer only to find that his folio has been deleted from the hard drive. Which procedure for managing files was Frankie following?

Backup

Archiving

Duplicating

Redundancy

Frankie was following the procedure of backup. Backup refers to creating copies of files or data in order to protect against loss or damage. In this case, Frankie copied his programming folio from the computer's hard drive onto a USB flash drive, which serves as a backup copy. This allows Frankie to have a duplicate of his folio in case the original files are lost or deleted from the hard drive.

Explanation

Frankie was following the procedure of backup. Backup refers to creating copies of files or data in order to protect against loss or damage. In this case, Frankie copied his programming folio from the computer's hard drive onto a USB flash drive, which serves as a backup copy. This allows Frankie to have a duplicate of his folio in case the original files are lost or deleted from the hard drive.

26. One method of representing a software design is using a data dictionary, which

Contains the data used in the software solution.

Defines all the variables used in the software solution.

Defines each data element, including name, description, type and format.

Shows the mock-up of all data entry screens for a software solution, with data elements identified.

A data dictionary is a method of representing a software design that defines each data element used in the software solution. It includes important information such as the name, description, type, and format of each data element. This allows developers and other stakeholders to have a clear understanding of the data being used in the software solution, ensuring consistency and accuracy in its implementation.

Explanation

A data dictionary is a method of representing a software design that defines each data element used in the software solution. It includes important information such as the name, description, type, and format of each data element. This allows developers and other stakeholders to have a clear understanding of the data being used in the software solution, ensuring consistency and accuracy in its implementation.

27. Many businesses provide a safe and secure way for more people to access work network systems from home. This secure connection is called

A virtual private network.

A peer-to-peer network.

The Internet.

An intranet.

The internet is usually the pathway through which a VPN would operate, and the VPN allows access to an intranet.
However, it is the VPN which creates the secure connection.

Explanation

The internet is usually the pathway through which a VPN would operate, and the VPN allows access to an intranet.
However, it is the VPN which creates the secure connection.

28. Use the following information to answer Questions 51 and 52 Which array has the correct values after the pseudocode has been executed?

Array = [8, 12, 10, 16, 10]

Array = [2, 2, -4, 0, -6]

Array = [2, 2, 4, 0, 6]

Array = [5, 7, 7, 8, 8]

The pseudocode likely includes a step that modifies the values in the array. The correct answer indicates that after executing the pseudocode, the values in the array will be [2, 2, 4, 0, 6].

Explanation

The pseudocode likely includes a step that modifies the values in the array. The correct answer indicates that after executing the pseudocode, the values in the array will be [2, 2, 4, 0, 6].

29. In a Gantt chart, a milestone is used to indicate

The end of the project

The midpoint of the project

A significant part has just finished

A significant part is about to begin.

Milestones are significant.

Explanation

Milestones are significant.

30. What is the output generated by the pseudocode?

6,15

6,16

5,15

15,5

Many students did not trace the variables through the algorithm
correctly when answering this question, seemingly missing the
second increment of the x-variable.

Explanation

Many students did not trace the variables through the algorithm
correctly when answering this question, seemingly missing the
second increment of the x-variable.

31. Use the following information to answer Questions 16 and 17. A social media platform tracks all user interactions on the platform. This includes user posts, mouse clicks, image and video views, and messages exchanged between users. This data is used to deliver targeted advertising to users and it is summarised to make changes to the platform. For the social media platform, the data used to deliver targeted advertising is considered to be

An input to the advertising module.

An output from the advertising module

Both an input to and an output from the advertising module

Neither an input to nor an output from the advertising module

The given correct answer is "an input to the advertising module." This means that the data used to deliver targeted advertising on the social media platform is considered as an input to the advertising module. This implies that the advertising module relies on this data to determine which ads to show to users based on their interactions on the platform.

Explanation

The given correct answer is "an input to the advertising module." This means that the data used to deliver targeted advertising on the social media platform is considered as an input to the advertising module. This implies that the advertising module relies on this data to determine which ads to show to users based on their interactions on the platform.

32. Which one of the following is an example of a non-functional requirement for an online ordering system?

Use case diagrams must be drawn for each function.

Display to the user the number of records in a database.

Online ordering must be available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Automated emails should be sent within 12 hours of receiving an online order

Many students selected use case diagrams to be
drawn as an example of a non-functional
requirement. However, a non-functional
requirement describes the attributes the solution
should possess. Option C, which states that
online ordering must be available 24 hours a day,
seven days a week, does this.

Explanation

Many students selected use case diagrams to be
drawn as an example of a non-functional
requirement. However, a non-functional
requirement describes the attributes the solution
should possess. Option C, which states that
online ordering must be available 24 hours a day,
seven days a week, does this.

33. Use the following information to answer Questions 26 and 27. The pseudocode below will take the current values in the array and then write the new values into the array. Begin Array[] = [3, 5, 0, 0, 0] //Initialise the array, index starts at 1 A = Array[1] B = Array[2] While B < 3 * A C = A * B A = A - 1 B = B + 2 EndWhile //Write new values into the array Array[1] = A Array[2] = B Array[3] = C End Which array has the correct values after the pseudocode has been executed?

Array = [1, 9, 9, 0, 0]

Array = [2, 7, 14, 0, 0]

Array = [3, 5, 15, 0, 0]

Array = [2, 7, 15, 0, 0]

The pseudocode initializes the array with the values [3, 5, 0, 0, 0]. It then assigns A as the value at index 1 of the array (which is 3) and B as the value at index 2 of the array (which is 5). The while loop runs as long as B is less than 3 times A. In each iteration of the loop, C is assigned the value of A multiplied by B, A is decremented by 1, and B is incremented by 2. After the loop ends, the new values of A, B, and C are written back into the array at their respective indices. Therefore, the correct array after the pseudocode is executed is [2, 7, 15, 0, 0].

Explanation

The pseudocode initializes the array with the values [3, 5, 0, 0, 0]. It then assigns A as the value at index 1 of the array (which is 3) and B as the value at index 2 of the array (which is 5). The while loop runs as long as B is less than 3 times A. In each iteration of the loop, C is assigned the value of A multiplied by B, A is decremented by 1, and B is incremented by 2. After the loop ends, the new values of A, B, and C are written back into the array at their respective indices. Therefore, the correct array after the pseudocode is executed is [2, 7, 15, 0, 0].

34. Which one of the following is an advantage of a wireless network over a wired network?

More reliable data transmission

Less expensive set-up costs

Slower data transfer rates

Increased data security

A wireless network has the advantage of less expensive set-up costs compared to a wired network. This is because setting up a wired network requires the installation of physical cables, which can be costly and time-consuming. On the other hand, a wireless network only requires the installation of wireless access points, which are generally more affordable and easier to set up. This makes wireless networks a more cost-effective option, particularly for small businesses or individuals who may not have the resources or infrastructure for a wired network installation.

Explanation

A wireless network has the advantage of less expensive set-up costs compared to a wired network. This is because setting up a wired network requires the installation of physical cables, which can be costly and time-consuming. On the other hand, a wireless network only requires the installation of wireless access points, which are generally more affordable and easier to set up. This makes wireless networks a more cost-effective option, particularly for small businesses or individuals who may not have the resources or infrastructure for a wired network installation.

35. John received an email that appeared to be from his bank, asking him to log in to his account and confirm his contact details. He clicked a link and it took him to a website that appeared to be his bank's website where he logged in and completed the requested task. It turned out that John was a victim of

A spam attack.

A phishing attack.

An SQL injection attack.

A cross-site scripting attack.

Phishing is an email attack pretending to be from a legitimate source.

Explanation

Phishing is an email attack pretending to be from a legitimate source.

36. Use the following information to answer Questions 10 and 11. Courtney is designing a new GPS-based traffic monitoring application for smartphones. As part of the design process, she has decided to generate some evaluation criteria and develop an evaluation strategy. Which one of the following is a criterion that Courtney could use to evaluate the efficiency of the GPS application?

The application will allow users to update traffic conditions.

The application will update real-time traffic conditions for users every five minutes.

The application will allow users to request directions between two or more destinations.

The application will generate and display directions within 10 seconds of the request from the user.

Courtney can use the criterion of generating and displaying directions within 10 seconds of the user's request to evaluate the efficiency of the GPS application. This criterion assesses the speed and responsiveness of the application in providing directions, which is an important aspect of efficiency for a GPS-based traffic monitoring application.

Explanation

Courtney can use the criterion of generating and displaying directions within 10 seconds of the user's request to evaluate the efficiency of the GPS application. This criterion assesses the speed and responsiveness of the application in providing directions, which is an important aspect of efficiency for a GPS-based traffic monitoring application.

37. After repeated downtime events, the network administrators of a large supermarket chain have contracted a network security analyst to identify the cause of the downtime events. The analyst starts the investigation by implementing a network monitoring tool that will record network traffic and interactions between users on the network. What is this approach commonly known as?

Implementing a firewall

Setting up a honeypot

Auditing network logs

Installing anti-malware protections

The approach commonly known as auditing network logs involves analyzing and reviewing the recorded network traffic and interactions between users on the network. This process helps identify any anomalies or suspicious activities that may be causing the downtime events. By examining the network logs, the network security analyst can gain insights into the root cause of the downtime events and take appropriate measures to prevent them in the future.

Explanation

The approach commonly known as auditing network logs involves analyzing and reviewing the recorded network traffic and interactions between users on the network. This process helps identify any anomalies or suspicious activities that may be causing the downtime events. By examining the network logs, the network security analyst can gain insights into the root cause of the downtime events and take appropriate measures to prevent them in the future.

38. Huy is writing a software solution to support administrative staff in a school. The software solution must store details about each student in the school. The most appropriate data structure to store a student's first name, last name, date of birth, home address and telephone number is

A string.

An array

A record.

A two-dimensional array

A record is the most appropriate data structure to store a student's first name, last name, date of birth, home address, and telephone number. A record allows for the grouping of related data fields into a single entity, making it easier to manage and access the student's information. It provides a structured way to store and retrieve the different attributes of a student, ensuring that the data is organized and can be easily accessed when needed. A record also allows for efficient searching and sorting of the student's information based on different criteria.

Explanation

A record is the most appropriate data structure to store a student's first name, last name, date of birth, home address, and telephone number. A record allows for the grouping of related data fields into a single entity, making it easier to manage and access the student's information. It provides a structured way to store and retrieve the different attributes of a student, ensuring that the data is organized and can be easily accessed when needed. A record also allows for efficient searching and sorting of the student's information based on different criteria.

39. Use the following information to answer Questions 68 and 69 At the end of the procedure the display will show

6, 6, 4

7, 5, 8

12, 12, 7

14, 13, 8

Tricky because zero based.

Explanation

Tricky because zero based.

40. Which one do you like?

Reduce the number of user interfaces from six to three.

Ensure that contrast is maximised on each user interface.

Add alternative text to icons and images to meet the needs of a wider group of users.

Add a menu item that allows a user to access any section from any other section in the application.

The correct answer is to add a menu item that allows a user to access any section from any other section in the application. This is because it improves the overall usability and navigation of the application by providing a convenient and efficient way for users to move between different sections. It enhances the user experience by reducing the need to backtrack or go through multiple screens to access a specific section.

Explanation

The correct answer is to add a menu item that allows a user to access any section from any other section in the application. This is because it improves the overall usability and navigation of the application by providing a convenient and efficient way for users to move between different sections. It enhances the user experience by reducing the need to backtrack or go through multiple screens to access a specific section.

41. Each member of an organisation needs a username and password to be able to access the organisation's local area network (LAN). Each member is allocated a unique username but they can each choose their own password. An appropriate data structure to store the username and password for each member of the organisation is

A Boolean value.

A string value

An associative array

A one-dimensional array.

An associative array is the most appropriate data structure to store the username and password for each member of the organization. This is because an associative array allows for a key-value pair relationship, where the username can serve as the key and the password as the corresponding value. This allows for easy retrieval and storage of the username-password pairs for each member.

Explanation

An associative array is the most appropriate data structure to store the username and password for each member of the organization. This is because an associative array allows for a key-value pair relationship, where the username can serve as the key and the password as the corresponding value. This allows for easy retrieval and storage of the username-password pairs for each member.

42. How many times is the loop executed?

Four times

Five times

Six times

Seven times

The loop is executed five times because the given answer states "five times".

Explanation

The loop is executed five times because the given answer states "five times".

43. A new software solution is being created for handheld devices. The requirements of the solution include that it be easy to use, must be able to work offline, but can occasionally connect for updates, and that any data required is stored on the device. Which type of modern application architecture would be the most appropriate?

Mobile applications

Internet applications

Rich client applications

Peer-to-peer applications

A mobile application architecture would be the most appropriate for this scenario because it is specifically designed for handheld devices. Mobile applications are developed to be user-friendly, can work offline, and can connect to the internet for updates. Additionally, mobile applications store data on the device, which aligns with the requirement mentioned in the question.

Explanation

A mobile application architecture would be the most appropriate for this scenario because it is specifically designed for handheld devices. Mobile applications are developed to be user-friendly, can work offline, and can connect to the internet for updates. Additionally, mobile applications store data on the device, which aligns with the requirement mentioned in the question.

44. The progress of this project has been recorded using

Annotations and adjustments.

Progress journals.

Change logs.

SRS.

The progress of the project has been recorded using annotations and adjustments. This suggests that the project's progress has been documented by making notes and making necessary changes or modifications as needed. Annotations and adjustments provide a way to track the project's development and ensure that any necessary revisions are made to improve its outcome. This method allows for a dynamic approach to monitoring progress and making necessary modifications along the way.

Explanation

The progress of the project has been recorded using annotations and adjustments. This suggests that the project's progress has been documented by making notes and making necessary changes or modifications as needed. Annotations and adjustments provide a way to track the project's development and ensure that any necessary revisions are made to improve its outcome. This method allows for a dynamic approach to monitoring progress and making necessary modifications along the way.

45. Aditya has a blog that helps gamers with hacks. The blog has over a thousand subscribers. Each subscriber provides general contact details, including email addresses, when they subscribe. Aditya has had a marketing company contact him and request access to his database. The marketing company will identify the interests of the subscribers and provide targeted advertisements that Aditya can add to his emails. He agrees and will be paid for the service. Aditya has been emailing his subscribers once a week and now includes the targeted advertising. Some of his subscribers have started to complain; one even suggested that Aditya was breaking the law. Which legislation is Aditya's subscriber referring to when suggesting that Aditya was breaking the law?

Spam Act 2003

Privacy Act 1988

Copyright Act 1968

Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014

Many students selected the Spam Act, however,
as the organisation shared private data it may be
breaching the Privacy Act.

Explanation

Many students selected the Spam Act, however,
as the organisation shared private data it may be
breaching the Privacy Act.

46. Which of the following statements is true regarding the critical path?

Any task whose delay will delay the following task is on the critical path.

Any task whose delay will delay the overall project is on the critical path.

Only tasks with dependencies can be on the critical path.

All tasks in a project are on the critical path.

Definition.

Explanation

Definition.

47. Which of the following functions could be a replacement for the selection control structure in the pseudocode?

ArResult[counter] ß modulus(arOne[counter], arTwo[counter])

ArResult[counter] ß maximum(arOne[counter], arTwo[counter])

ArResult[counter] ß difference(arOne[counter], arTwo[counter])

ArResult[counter] ß absoluteDiff(arOne[counter], arTwo[counter])

The function is always finding the positive difference, which is what absolute value returns.

Explanation

The function is always finding the positive difference, which is what absolute value returns.

48. When analysing a new software solution, the developers identified the following non-functional requirement: 'All users of the solution will be using their own mobile device.' To which characteristic is the non-functional requirement related?

Reliability

Portability

Maintainability

User-friendliness

The non-functional requirement "All users of the solution will be using their own mobile device" is related to the characteristic of portability. Portability refers to the ability of a software solution to be easily moved or adapted to different environments or platforms. In this case, the requirement indicates that the solution should be able to run on different mobile devices, suggesting that it needs to be portable across various platforms and operating systems.

Explanation

The non-functional requirement "All users of the solution will be using their own mobile device" is related to the characteristic of portability. Portability refers to the ability of a software solution to be easily moved or adapted to different environments or platforms. In this case, the requirement indicates that the solution should be able to run on different mobile devices, suggesting that it needs to be portable across various platforms and operating systems.

49. Courtney is researching how to develop an evaluation strategy for her new software solution. Key things that she should consider as she develops an evaluation strategy include

Software solution designs, functionality and usability testing, and how client feedback could be incorporated.

The software requirements specification (SRS), use case diagrams and how client feedback could be incorporated.

Project plan evaluation criteria, how the solution will be evaluated, adjustments to timeframes and why changes occurred.

Student responses varied considerably for this question.
Evaluation strategies typically would not contain solution
designs, testing approaches, use case diagrams or adjustments
to project plans. Evaluation strategies typically contain criteria,
how the criteria will be measured, when the evaluation will
occur and who will be involved.

Explanation

Student responses varied considerably for this question.
Evaluation strategies typically would not contain solution
designs, testing approaches, use case diagrams or adjustments
to project plans. Evaluation strategies typically contain criteria,
how the criteria will be measured, when the evaluation will
occur and who will be involved.

50. Frankie's teacher reminds him that his folio is to be submitted that day. Which is the most appropriate way for Frankie to submit his folio?

Give the teacher the USB flash drive.

Copy his files back onto the school computer’s hard drive.

Copy his files onto another USB flash drive and submit that USB flash drive.

Copy his files onto the school computer’s hard drive and submit his USB flash drive.

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

51. Daniel created a new screen for an existing application. Which of the following would allow him to evaluate his solution?

Prevent users from entering incorrect data in the new screen.

Reviewing the documentation of the old system.

Checking the error logs of the new solution.

Entering dummy data into a new screen.

Error logs provide valuable data for evaluation.

Explanation

Error logs provide valuable data for evaluation.

52. The purpose of a Use Case Diagram is to show the relationship between

Different users.

Users and data.

Data and system processes.

Users and system processes.

The UCD is designed to show how users interact with the system.

Explanation

The UCD is designed to show how users interact with the system.

53. Katie, Kamal and Po have been asked to present an idea for a new software solution. They begin by using a large piece of paper and write down as many ideas as they can think of. This is an example of

Convergent thinking.

Divergent thinking.

Design principles.

Systems thinking.

Defined in the glossary.

Explanation

Defined in the glossary.

54. Which of the following is definitely NOT a non-functional requirement for an app?

The app should work quickly.

The app should keep a copy of all user input for a month.

Colours should not include Red and Green next to each other.

Colours used should mainly be from the colours on the company’s letterhead.

Keep is a FR verb.

Explanation

Keep is a FR verb.

55. Which control structure starts on line 4 and finishes on line 6?

Infinite

Iteration

Selection

Sequence

Student responses varied considerably between the three main
processing features of a programming language. Given that the
algorithm’s ‘if’ statement is on line 4 and the corresponding ‘end
if’ is on line 6, Option C. is the only possible answer

Explanation

Student responses varied considerably between the three main
processing features of a programming language. Given that the
algorithm’s ‘if’ statement is on line 4 and the corresponding ‘end
if’ is on line 6, Option C. is the only possible answer

56. In an attempt to help not-for-profit organisations clarify their obligations with regard to privacy legislation, the Australian Government has provided a range of scenarios on its website. Which one of the following organisations would be exempt from the Australian Privacy Principles?

Option A is the only answer that satisfies the
collection of solicited personal information. The
personal information collected is used for, or is
directly related to, the organisation’s activities.

Explanation

Option A is the only answer that satisfies the
collection of solicited personal information. The
personal information collected is used for, or is
directly related to, the organisation’s activities.

57. Which of the following statements is correct regarding Use Case Diagrams?

Actors always initiate Use Cases.

An Actor must always be a person.

An “extends” Use Case must always be performed when the base case is.

An “includes” Use Case must always be performed when the base case is.

Definition.

Explanation

Definition.

58. A developer has been asked to complete a Software Requirements Specification for a new mobile banking application. Which of these should be included in the SRS?

Evaluation criteria for the new system.

Non-functional requirements for the new system.

Documentation about how to use the new system.

Tests that should be carried out on the new system.

C and D part of development.

Explanation

C and D part of development.

59. Which one do you like?

Quick sort

Bubble sort

Linear search

. selection sort

Quick sort is likely the correct answer because it is a popular and efficient sorting algorithm. It works by selecting a pivot element, partitioning the array into two sub-arrays based on the pivot, and then recursively sorting the sub-arrays. Quick sort has an average time complexity of O(n log n), making it faster than bubble sort, linear search, and selection sort in most cases.

Explanation

Quick sort is likely the correct answer because it is a popular and efficient sorting algorithm. It works by selecting a pivot element, partitioning the array into two sub-arrays based on the pivot, and then recursively sorting the sub-arrays. Quick sort has an average time complexity of O(n log n), making it faster than bubble sort, linear search, and selection sort in most cases.

60. Pierre has almost finished the development of a software solution for a client and has undertaken a range of tests. He knows he must also conduct usability testing. Which one of the following statements best outlines usability testing?

After the software solution is in place, survey the users, identify any concerns and modify the software solution as required.

Usability testing involves planning a set of tests for users to perform before implementing the software solution. The results of these tests are recorded, and any necessary modifications to the software solution are made based on the feedback received from the users. This process ensures that the software solution is user-friendly and meets the needs and expectations of the users.

Explanation

Usability testing involves planning a set of tests for users to perform before implementing the software solution. The results of these tests are recorded, and any necessary modifications to the software solution are made based on the feedback received from the users. This process ensures that the software solution is user-friendly and meets the needs and expectations of the users.

61. Which structural characteristic makes XML files distinguishable from other types of files?

Appropriate indentation

The use of comma or tab delimiters

The use of a standard library of tags

The inclusion of a header, prolog or declaration statement

XML files are distinguishable from other types of files by the inclusion of a header, prolog, or declaration statement. This statement typically appears at the beginning of an XML file and provides information about the version of XML being used, as well as any character encoding or other specifications. This characteristic helps identify XML files and differentiate them from other file types that do not have this specific structure.

Explanation

XML files are distinguishable from other types of files by the inclusion of a header, prolog, or declaration statement. This statement typically appears at the beginning of an XML file and provides information about the version of XML being used, as well as any character encoding or other specifications. This characteristic helps identify XML files and differentiate them from other file types that do not have this specific structure.

62. Storing client data only on an external hard disk drive at the end of the financial year is a form of

File disposal.

Data security.

Archiving data for future use.

Back up in case the data is corrupted.

Storing client data only on an external hard disk drive at the end of the financial year is considered archiving data for future use. Archiving involves preserving data in a secure and accessible manner for long-term storage and potential retrieval. By storing the client data on an external hard disk drive, it ensures that the information is safely retained and can be accessed when needed in the future. This practice helps in maintaining historical records and complying with legal or regulatory requirements.

Explanation

Storing client data only on an external hard disk drive at the end of the financial year is considered archiving data for future use. Archiving involves preserving data in a secure and accessible manner for long-term storage and potential retrieval. By storing the client data on an external hard disk drive, it ensures that the information is safely retained and can be accessed when needed in the future. This practice helps in maintaining historical records and complying with legal or regulatory requirements.

63. Sophia works at a gym that operates for 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Each gym member is given an identification (ID) number that is used to unlock the gym door between 9 pm and 6 am. Sophia has designed an algorithm that can check each ID against a list of valid numbers. Which one of the following validation techniques has Sophia used?

Type check

Check digit

Range check

Existence check

Many students selected existence check as the
validation check. Existence checks are used to
see if data is entered, not if data exists in a list.
Option C, range check, is the validation
technique used to check against a list of valid ID
numbers.

Explanation

Many students selected existence check as the
validation check. Existence checks are used to
see if data is entered, not if data exists in a list.
Option C, range check, is the validation
technique used to check against a list of valid ID
numbers.

64. Kenly is checking the sources used for data in a report produced by one of her team members. Which characteristic of data integrity is she concerned about?

Accuracy.

Correctness.

Authenticity.

Reasonableness.

While he may have concern about any of these, the fact that he is checking sources implies Kenly is checking the author of the data.

Explanation

While he may have concern about any of these, the fact that he is checking sources implies Kenly is checking the author of the data.

65. Kerri wrote the following statement: All calculations must be 100% correct. This is an example of

A constraint.

An evaluation criterion.

A functional requirement.

An element outside the scope of the project

This is a statement that can be evaluated.

Explanation

This is a statement that can be evaluated.

66. Which organisations are governed by the Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014?

All Australian companies whose annual turnover exceeds $3 million.

Victorian Government departments, their agencies and contractors.

Anyone who values privacy of information.

Companies who opt into the Act.

The Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014 governs Victorian Government departments, their agencies, and contractors. This means that these organizations are required to comply with the provisions of the Act regarding the protection and privacy of data and information. The Act does not apply to all Australian companies whose annual turnover exceeds $3 million or to anyone who values privacy of information. Additionally, it is not stated that companies can opt into the Act.

Explanation

The Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014 governs Victorian Government departments, their agencies, and contractors. This means that these organizations are required to comply with the provisions of the Act regarding the protection and privacy of data and information. The Act does not apply to all Australian companies whose annual turnover exceeds $3 million or to anyone who values privacy of information. Additionally, it is not stated that companies can opt into the Act.

67. The algorithm contains examples of which programming structures?

Iteration and sequence

Selection and iteration

Iteration and assignment

Selection and assignment

No selection.

Explanation

No selection.

68. My local medical practice wants to provide WiFi for patients while they wait. Which of the following would be a functional requirement for the system?

The system must be easy to use.

Downloads should be limited.

The WiFi should be secured with a password.

The WiFi must be able to support 50 patients at the same time.

The functional requirement for the system is that the WiFi must be able to support 50 patients at the same time. This means that the WiFi network should have the capacity to handle the simultaneous connections of 50 patients without any performance issues or disruptions. It is important for the medical practice to ensure that the WiFi can accommodate the expected number of users to provide a satisfactory experience for the patients while they wait.

Explanation

The functional requirement for the system is that the WiFi must be able to support 50 patients at the same time. This means that the WiFi network should have the capacity to handle the simultaneous connections of 50 patients without any performance issues or disruptions. It is important for the medical practice to ensure that the WiFi can accommodate the expected number of users to provide a satisfactory experience for the patients while they wait.

69. XML is being used more often to store and transfer data. This is because it

Is encrypted.

Is easy to use.

Always works.

Is easy to modify.

XML is being used more often to store and transfer data because it is easy to modify. XML allows for the structure and content of data to be easily changed and updated without affecting the overall format. This flexibility makes it a preferred choice for applications and systems that require frequent modifications to the data. Additionally, XML's use of tags and elements allows for better organization and representation of complex data structures, further enhancing its usability.

Explanation

XML is being used more often to store and transfer data because it is easy to modify. XML allows for the structure and content of data to be easily changed and updated without affecting the overall format. This flexibility makes it a preferred choice for applications and systems that require frequent modifications to the data. Additionally, XML's use of tags and elements allows for better organization and representation of complex data structures, further enhancing its usability.

70. A video streaming service uses 0.7MB per second (0.7MBps) to show a medium quality film. The service will not start showing the film until at least 15 seconds of video is downloaded (as a buffer). Peter has a low-quality Internet connection. On a wet Saturday his connection is only running at 9 megabits per second (9Mbps). How long must he wait until the film starts showing?

0.7 seconds

1.2 seconds

9.4 seconds

12.9 seconds

0.7MB=5.6Mbps x15 sec 84Mbits @9Mbps =9.3333 sec.

Explanation

0.7MB=5.6Mbps x15 sec 84Mbits @9Mbps =9.3333 sec.