Piloto Privado - Aeronaves E Motores

The correct answer is "no estabilizador vertical." This means that the rudder is installed on the vertical stabilizer of the aircraft. The vertical stabilizer is the fin-like structure located at the tail of the aircraft, and it helps to stabilize the aircraft's yawing motion. The rudder, which is controlled by the pilot, is attached to the vertical stabilizer and is used to control the aircraft's direction by deflecting the airflow.

Anfíbios são os aviões que podem pousar tanto em água como em terra firma.

Ao apertar um parafuso com uma chave de boca, o esforço sobre o parafuso será de torção. Isso ocorre porque a chave de boca exerce uma força que gira o parafuso em torno de seu eixo, gerando um torque. O torque é uma força de torção que tende a girar um objeto em torno de um eixo específico. Portanto, nesse caso, o esforço sobre o parafuso é de torção.

A longarina é o elemento estrutural principal de uma asa que se estende ao longo de sua envergadura. Ela é responsável por fornecer resistência e rigidez à asa, suportando as cargas aerodinâmicas durante o voo. As longarinas são geralmente feitas de materiais leves e resistentes, como alumínio ou fibra de carbono, para garantir a eficiência e segurança da aeronave.

O tipo de fuselagem semimonocoque é constituído por cavernas, longarinas e revestimento. Isso significa que todas as opções mencionadas anteriormente são corretas. A fuselagem semimonocoque é uma estrutura em que a carga é distribuída entre a pele externa (revestimento), as longarinas (vigas principais) e as cavernas (espaços internos). Essa combinação de elementos proporciona resistência e rigidez à fuselagem, tornando-a uma opção comum em aeronaves.

When weight is placed on a body, it creates a force that pushes the particles of the body closer together. This force is called compression. Compression is a type of stress that occurs when a body is subjected to squeezing or pressing forces, causing it to become shorter and thicker. This is why the correct answer is compression.

Os amortecedores são dispositivos que servem para amortecer os choques e diminuir os esforços na estrutura do trem de pouso dos aviões. Eles absorvem a energia cinética gerada durante o pouso e ajudam a manter a estabilidade e segurança da aeronave.

The correct answer is "as asas". The force of lift that allows an airplane to fly is generated by the reaction of the air on the wings. The shape and angle of the wings create a pressure difference, with lower pressure on top and higher pressure on the bottom, resulting in an upward force that counteracts the force of gravity and allows the airplane to stay in the air. The other options, such as the stabilizer and fuselage, do not directly contribute to the generation of lift.

The correct answer is "aviões, helicópteros e planadores". This is because airplanes, helicopters, and gliders are all classified as aerodynes, which are vehicles that achieve lift and propulsion through the use of wings or rotors. Balloons and airships, on the other hand, are classified as aerostats, which achieve lift through the use of buoyancy. Therefore, the correct answer includes only the vehicles that fall under the category of aerodynes.

A nervura é o elemento de uma asa que lhe dá o formato aerodinâmico. As nervuras são estruturas internas que percorrem a extensão da asa e fornecem suporte e rigidez à estrutura. Elas ajudam a manter o formato aerodinâmico da asa, permitindo que o ar flua suavemente sobre ela, reduzindo a resistência e melhorando a eficiência do voo.

The correct answer is "hipersustentadoras". This is because flaps and slats are surfaces that are specifically designed to increase lift and improve the aircraft's performance during takeoff and landing. These surfaces work by changing the shape and size of the wing, allowing for better control and maneuverability at lower speeds. Therefore, they are considered "hipersustentadoras" or "high-lift devices" in aviation terminology.

During a flight, the forces acting on the airplane's structure are caused by aerodynamic forces. These forces include lift, drag, and thrust, which are generated by the interaction between the airplane's wings, body, and the surrounding air. The aerodynamic forces are dynamic in nature, meaning they change with the airplane's speed, angle of attack, and other factors. These forces are responsible for keeping the airplane in the air, controlling its motion, and maintaining stability and control during flight.

To steer the airplane, the pilot must use the rudder. The rudder is a control surface located on the vertical tail fin of the aircraft. By deflecting the rudder, the pilot can change the direction of the airplane. The ailerons, flaps, and elevator (also known as the elevator) are other control surfaces on the aircraft, but they are not used for steering. The ailerons control the roll of the aircraft, the flaps control the lift and drag, and the elevator controls the pitch. Therefore, the correct answer is the rudder, or "o leme de direção" in Portuguese.

The partially visible landing gear when retracted is called "trem retrátil" in Portuguese.

The correct answer is "banda de rodagem". This term refers to the part of the tire that comes into contact with the ground. It is responsible for providing traction and grip, as well as dispersing water and debris. The banda de rodagem is designed with different patterns and materials to suit different road conditions and enhance the overall performance and safety of the tire.

The correct answer is "as instruções do fabricante do avião". The explanation for this answer is that the limiting stops of the control surfaces should be adjusted according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the aircraft. The manufacturer is the authority on the design and operation of the aircraft, and their instructions should be followed to ensure safe and proper functioning of the control surfaces.

A fuselagem construída apenas com cavernas e revestimento é chamada de monocoque. Nesse tipo de estrutura, a fuselagem é projetada para suportar as cargas estruturais sem a necessidade de reforços internos, como vigas ou longarinas. Em vez disso, as cavernas (curvas e reforços) e o revestimento da fuselagem trabalham juntos para distribuir as cargas e fornecer a resistência necessária. Isso resulta em uma fuselagem mais leve e mais eficiente em termos de peso em comparação com outros tipos de construção, como o semimonocoque ou cantiléver.

The correct answer is "tirantes" because tirantes are cables or rods that are used to resist tension forces and are commonly used to strengthen and support structures such as wings. In this context, the tirantes are being used to resist the tension forces applied to the wing by the aerodynamic forces during flight.

The correct answer is "nulo" which means "null" in English. This suggests that the mechanical efficiency cannot be greater than 1, less than 1, or equal to 1. Instead, it is null or zero, indicating that there is no mechanical efficiency in the given context.

The correct answer is "fabricante do motor." The general engine overhaul time limit is determined by the manufacturer of the engine. This means that the manufacturer sets a specific time frame for when the engine should undergo a comprehensive review and maintenance. It is important to adhere to these time limits to ensure the engine's optimal performance and safety.

The correct answer is flexão. Flexão is the term used to describe the effort that simultaneously causes compression and tension in a piece. It refers to the bending or curving of a material under applied forces, resulting in both compression and tension on opposite sides of the piece.

A asa do tipo "parassol" é aquela em que a asa está colocada acima da fuselagem e separada da mesma, sobre montantes. Nesse tipo de configuração, a asa é sustentada por montantes que a mantêm suspensa acima da fuselagem, sem a necessidade de suportes adicionais. Essa configuração é comumente encontrada em aeronaves leves e ultraleves.

The correct answer is "semicantiléver." A semicantiléver wing is a type of wing that is partially supported by external struts or braces. It is fixed to the top of the fuselage using supports and struts. This type of wing design allows for a lighter and more streamlined aircraft structure.

A resposta correta é "tração". Quando uma corda está esticada, o esforço ou a força aplicada na corda é chamada de tração. A tração é uma força que atua ao longo do comprimento da corda, esticando-a.

The correct answer is that the elevator is installed on the horizontal stabilizer.

A lei de Pascal descreve o princípio fundamental do funcionamento do sistema hidráulico. De acordo com essa lei, a pressão exercida em um fluido confinado é transmitida igualmente em todas as direções. Isso significa que, quando uma força é aplicada em um ponto do sistema hidráulico, essa força é transmitida para todos os outros pontos do sistema, permitindo que a energia seja transferida e amplificada. Portanto, o funcionamento do sistema hidráulico é baseado na lei de Pascal.

The correct answer is "é desnecessário" (it is unnecessary). In light aircraft, the hydraulic system is not used to operate control surfaces because it is not needed. Light aircraft typically use mechanical systems or electrically operated systems to control the surfaces, as hydraulic systems are not required for the size and weight of these aircraft.

The correct answer is "massa e potência". The explanation for this answer is that the "leveza do motor térmico" refers to the ratio between the mass of the motor and its power output. A lighter motor with a higher power output is considered to have a higher "leveza" or lightness. Therefore, the relationship between mass and power is what defines the "leveza do motor térmico".

The correct answer is "compensadores". This is because compensadores refer to small control surfaces located on the main surfaces of an aircraft, such as the wings or tail. These surfaces are used to compensate for any imbalances or disturbances in flight, helping to maintain stability and control.

The correct answer is "caverna." In the context of aerodynamics, the term "caverna" refers to the structural element that gives the fuselage its aerodynamic shape. It is responsible for reducing drag and improving the overall efficiency of the aircraft. The other options, "longarina" and "nervura," are also structural elements but do not specifically contribute to the aerodynamic shape of the fuselage. Therefore, the correct answer is "caverna."

The correct answer is "evitar travamento ou parada das rodas na freagem". This means that the anti-skid braking system is designed to prevent the wheels from locking or stopping during braking. This is important because locked wheels can cause the vehicle to skid and lose control, so the anti-skid system helps maintain traction and stability while braking.

The efficiency mentioned in the question refers to the percentage of thermal energy from the fuel that is utilized. The correct answer, 20%, indicates that one-fifth (or 20%) of the thermal energy from the fuel is being effectively utilized. This means that the remaining 80% of the thermal energy is not being utilized efficiently.

High pressures in the hydraulic system are advantageous because they reduce the dimensions of its components, increase the force of the actuators, and make the system lighter.

The correct answer is "consumo específico". This term refers to the measurement of engine consumption in relation to the power developed. It is a specific measure that takes into account the power output of the engine, allowing for a more accurate assessment of fuel efficiency.

During the inspection of the airplane, the imminent failures of the hydraulic system can be perceived through signs of hydraulic fluid leakage. This is because any leakage of the fluid indicates a problem with the system, which can lead to a failure. Therefore, the presence of fluid leakage is a clear indication of an impending failure in the hydraulic system.

The correct answer is "todos os citados" (all of the mentioned). The Archimedes' principle of buoyancy applies to all objects immersed in a fluid, including airplanes, aerostats (such as hot air balloons), and aerodynes (such as helicopters). This principle states that the buoyant force acting on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, and it allows objects to float or be lifted in a fluid.

The mechanical efficiency of a hydraulic system is determined by the ratio of the areas of the pistons in the actuator cylinder and the primary cylinder. This means that the efficiency depends on the size of the pistons and how they are connected within the system. A larger piston area in the actuator cylinder compared to the primary cylinder will result in a higher mechanical efficiency, as it allows for a greater transfer of force.

O controle da direção durante o taxiamento pode ser feito através do trem de nariz ou da bequilha. Portanto, a resposta correta é "um dos anteriores", pois ambas as opções são válidas para controlar a direção durante o taxiamento.

The correct answer is "baixo" because aviation engines should have a low specific fuel consumption in order to maximize efficiency and reduce operating costs. A low specific fuel consumption means that the engine consumes less fuel per unit of power produced, resulting in longer flight times and reduced fuel consumption. This is desirable for aviation engines as it allows for longer flights without the need for frequent refueling, making them more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

Durabilidade é o tempo-limite em que o motor de um avião deve ser removido para revisão geral, mesmo que esteja funcionando perfeitamente. Isso ocorre após um determinado número de horas de vôo, a fim de garantir a segurança e o bom funcionamento da aeronave.

Electric motors are extremely efficient, but they cannot be used in airplanes because they are expensive, heavy, and have low power. However, the correct answer is that they have high lightness. This means that electric motors are lightweight, which is not suitable for airplanes as they require powerful engines to generate enough thrust for takeoff and flight.

Aeronautical engines have low thermal efficiency. This means that they do not efficiently convert the heat generated by the combustion process into useful work. This can be attributed to various factors such as heat losses through the exhaust gases, cooling systems, and friction within the engine components. The low thermal efficiency of aeronautical engines results in a higher fuel consumption and lower overall performance compared to engines with higher thermal efficiency.