The 14 leadership traits are Justice, Judgment, Decisiveness, Integrity, Dependability, Tact, Initiative, Enthusiasm, Bearing, Unselfishness, Courage, Knowledge, Loyalty, and Endurance. These traits are important for effective leadership as they encompass qualities such as fairness, sound decision-making, reliability, good communication skills, taking the lead, being passionate, maintaining composure, selflessness, bravery, expertise, faithfulness, and the ability to persevere in challenging situations.