Pharma Analysis And Chemistry

The name of COOH2 is Formic Acid. This is because COOH2 represents the chemical formula of the compound, which consists of one carbon atom (C) and two oxygen atoms (O), bonded to a hydrogen atom (H). Formic Acid is a common organic acid that is produced naturally by ants and other insects. It is also used in various industries, including agriculture and textile manufacturing.

Water-Ethanol is the azeotropic mixture because it forms a constant boiling point mixture. This means that when the mixture is heated, the vapor produced has the same composition as the liquid, resulting in a constant boiling point. In the case of Water-Ethanol, the azeotropic mixture occurs at a composition of approximately 95.6% ethanol and 4.4% water. This mixture cannot be further separated by distillation, making it azeotropic.

KMnO4 (potassium permanganate) is a strong oxidizing agent that can react violently or explosively with certain substances, particularly strong acids. Therefore, it is not suitable for the preservation of strong acids. Instead, KMnO4 is commonly used as a disinfectant and water sterilizer due to its ability to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. It is also used as a fire starter and in fruit preservation, where it acts as a mild antiseptic to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.

Stercobilin is a metabolic product of RBCs (Red Blood Cells). RBCs contain a molecule called heme, which is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. When RBCs break down, heme is converted into biliverdin, which is then further metabolized into bilirubin. Bilirubin is eventually converted into stercobilin, which gives feces its characteristic brown color. Therefore, stercobilin is a byproduct of the breakdown of RBCs and is excreted in the feces.

Phenol is in solid state at room temperature because it has a high melting point. It forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds between its molecules, creating a strong network of attractions that hold the solid together. In contrast, glacial acetic acid, m-Anisidine, and o-Toluidine are in liquid or semi-solid states at room temperature due to weaker intermolecular forces.

Sodium perborate is not a reducing agent because it is an oxidizing agent. Reducing agents are substances that donate electrons to another substance and get oxidized themselves. However, sodium perborate is used as a source of hydrogen peroxide, which is an oxidizing agent. Therefore, it cannot act as a reducing agent.

Carbon dioxide is not used for carbon monoxide intoxication because carbon dioxide does not have the ability to reverse the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning. Carbon monoxide intoxication occurs when carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood, reducing its ability to carry oxygen. The treatment for carbon monoxide intoxication typically involves administering pure oxygen to the patient, as oxygen has a higher affinity for hemoglobin than carbon monoxide. Therefore, carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of cellular respiration, is not used as a treatment for carbon monoxide intoxication.