Pharm chapter 38; drugs for allergic rhinitis and the common cold
True
False
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Caused by GI infections
Inflamation of nasal mucosa
Characterized by sneezing, watery eyes and congestion
Caused by exposure to allergen
Cuases histamine release
True
False
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Codiene
Dextromethophan(delsym, robitussin)
Hydroconone
Homatropine(hycodan)
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True
False
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True
False
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Older adults and children should not use
Use with extreme caution in clients with asthma or COPD, cardiovascular disease and hyperthyroidism
Give babies half a spray in the eyes
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Decreases local inflammation in nasal passages, thus reducing nasal stuffiness
Should not be used to treat seasonal allergic rhinitis
Nasal irritation epistaxis are side effects
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True
False
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It is a narcotic substance
is a chemical mediator of inflamitory response
Histamine1 is found in smooth muscle of the vascular system and bronchial tree
Prevents symptoms of allergic rhinitis
H2 is found in stomach and is responsible for peptic ulcers
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More efficacious than other preparations
Limmit use to 3-5 days to avoid rebound congestion
Have local effect within minutes
Have many systemic effects
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Have fewer systemic effects than nasal preparations
Have slower response time than nasal preps
More effective than nasal preps in relieving severe congestion
Often combined with antihistamine preparations
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Is a histamine (H1) receptor blocker (2nd generation)
Reduces severity of nasal congestion, sneezing, tearing of eyes
Most effective when taken after symptoms develop
Has less drowsiness than 1st generations
Headache and upset stomach are adverse effects
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Is a histamine receptor blocker
Used to treat minor symptoms of allergies and common cold
Adverse effect include drowsiness, occasionally cns stimulation and exitability
Could cause anticholergenic effects and photosensitivity
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Use decongestant nasal spray first followed in five to ten minutes by the glucocorticoid.
Assess for adverse effects of dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, headache, epistaxis
Use with caution in clients with history of GI disorders
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Is a decongestant
Causes arterioles in nasal passages to constrict
Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in sympathetic nervous system
Dries mucous membranes
pt with thyroid disorders, htn, diabetes and heart disease should only use if directed by doctor
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Codiene
Dextromethophan(delsym, robitussin)
Hydroconone
Homatropine(hycodan)
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Acts in medulla to inhibit cough reflex
Used as component in most OTC severe cold and flu preparations
Adverse effects include dizziness, drowsiness, GI upset
Adverse effects are common
Contraindicated for chronic cough due to asthma, smoking, emphysema and excessive bronchial excretions
Avoid alcohol and MAOIs while taking
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Drug of choice, along with sympathomimetics, for treating allergic rhinitis
Has high efficacy and wide margin of safety
Must be administered 2-3 weeks prior to allergen exposure
Drug increases secreation of inflamitory mediators
Increases tissue edema
Causes mild vasoconstriction
Alternative therapy is with mast cell stabilizers
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