Chemical Texture Services: Permanent Waving Chapter Test

The size of the curl in permanent waving is determined by the rod size. Different rod sizes create different sizes of curls, with larger rods resulting in looser and larger curls, while smaller rods produce tighter and smaller curls. The chemical used in the permanent waving process helps to set the curl, but it does not directly determine the size of the curl. Hair color does not play a role in determining the size of the curl in permanent waving.

The given answer "off" completes the sentence by suggesting that rods can be wrapped on-base, half-off base, and off-base. This implies that there are three possible ways to wrap the rods: on the base, halfway off the base, and completely off the base.

Hair density measures the number of hairs per square inch on the head. It is a quantitative measurement that helps determine how thick or thin a person's hair is. A higher hair density indicates a larger number of hairs, resulting in a fuller appearance, while a lower hair density suggests fewer hairs and a thinner look. Hair density is an important factor in understanding and managing hair health and styling options.

End papers are thin strips of paper that are used in the process of wrapping hair around perm rods or rollers. They help to secure the hair in place and prevent it from slipping off the rod or roller. When wrapping the hair, the end papers are typically folded over the ends of the hair to provide extra grip and hold. Therefore, it is true that end papers extend beyond the ends of the hair.

Concave rods are indeed the most common type of rod. They are widely used for various purposes such as curtain rods, fishing rods, and even in scientific experiments. The concave shape of these rods provides stability and strength, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Therefore, the statement that concave rods are the most common rod type is true.

Thio neutralization stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form. Thio neutralization is a chemical process that involves the use of a neutralizer to deactivate the waving solution and restore the hair's natural pH balance. This process helps to lock in the desired curl pattern and ensure that the hair remains in its new curly form.

Endothermic waves are waves that require an external heat source to be activated. This means that they cannot start or continue without the addition of heat from an outside source. Therefore, the statement "Endothermic waves are activated by an outside heat source" is true.

This statement is false because straight rods are typically equal in diameter along their entire length. If a rod is not equal in diameter, it would be considered irregular or tapered, rather than straight.

Hair porosity refers to the hair's ability to absorb moisture. It determines how easily moisture can penetrate the hair shaft. Hair with high porosity absorbs moisture quickly but also loses it easily, while low porosity hair has difficulty absorbing moisture. Understanding hair porosity is important for choosing the right hair care products and treatments to maintain the hair's moisture balance.

The correct answer is croquignole. Croquignole is a wrapping method in which the hair is wrapped from the ends to the scalp. This technique involves taking small sections of hair and wrapping them tightly around a curling rod or perm rod, starting from the ends and working towards the scalp. This method is commonly used in perming or creating spiral curls.

A basic perm wrap is usually sectioned into 9 sections. This means that the hair is divided into 9 equal parts before applying the perm solution. Sectioning the hair helps to ensure that the perm is applied evenly and that the curls are uniform throughout the hair. By dividing the hair into 9 sections, the stylist can have better control over the perm process and achieve the desired results.

All permanent wave solutions contain a "reducing agent" because it is a crucial component in the process of permanently curling or straightening hair. The reducing agent helps to break down the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped and set in the desired style. Without a reducing agent, the permanent wave solution would not be able to effectively alter the hair's structure and create long-lasting curls or straightness.

A scalp analysis involves examining the scalp for various conditions and issues. It includes checking for cuts and scratches, open sores, redness and flaking, but it does not typically involve assessing hair density. Hair density refers to the number of hair strands on the scalp, which is not directly related to the overall health or condition of the scalp.

The correct answer is "reduction." In the process of permanent waving, a waving solution is applied to the hair, which breaks down the disulfide bonds present in the cortex. This breaking down of disulfide bonds is achieved through a chemical reaction called reduction. Reduction involves the addition of electrons to a molecule, leading to a change in its chemical structure. In the context of permanent waving, reduction helps to reshape the hair by breaking and reforming the disulfide bonds, allowing for the desired wave or curl pattern to be set.

The correct answer is "base section" because it implies that the rod is typically positioned or attached to a specific part of the base. "Base placement" and "base direction" do not provide a clear indication of where the rod is placed on the base.

Ammonia reacts with thioglycolic acid to form a new chemical called ammonium thioglycolate. This reaction involves the substitution of the hydrogen atom in thioglycolic acid with an ammonium ion. Ammonium thioglycolate is commonly used in hair products such as permanent wave solutions and hair relaxers due to its ability to break disulfide bonds in hair proteins, allowing for restructuring and styling.

Hair texture can be classified based on its thickness. Coarse hair is characterized by a larger diameter and feels rough to the touch. Medium hair has a moderate thickness, while fine hair has a smaller diameter and feels smooth and soft. Therefore, the correct answer options are coarse, medium, and fine as they all represent different classifications of hair texture based on thickness.

Hair elasticity refers to the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original shape without breaking. It is commonly classified as normal or low. This means that hair can either stretch and bounce back easily (normal elasticity) or it lacks the ability to stretch and easily breaks (low elasticity). Therefore, the statement that hair elasticity is usually classified as normal or low is true.

The client record should include the hair texture, hair color, and condition of hair. These factors are important for a hairdresser or stylist to understand and consider when providing services to a client. Hair texture helps determine the appropriate styling techniques and products to use. Hair color information is crucial for any color treatments or dyeing processes. The condition of the hair helps in determining the appropriate treatments and products to improve its health and appearance. Age of the client, although mentioned in the question, is not typically included in the client record as it is not directly related to haircare.

The correct answer is "piggyback, double rod". The piggyback wrap method involves wrapping the hair in a figure-eight pattern, where one section of hair is wrapped over the other. This method is commonly used for creating volume and adding length to the hair. On the other hand, the double rod wrap method involves wrapping the hair around two rods, creating a tighter and more defined curl or wave pattern. Both methods are suitable for wrapping extra-long hair, depending on the desired outcome.

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Thioglycolic acid is a colorless liquid with a strong and unpleasant odor.

Ammonia-free waves do not use an ingredient that evaporates as readily as ammonia. This means that the ingredient in ammonia-free waves does not evaporate as easily or quickly as ammonia does. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

A hair analysis typically includes examining the texture, density, and elasticity of the hair. These factors can provide valuable information about the overall health and condition of the hair. Texture refers to the thickness and coarseness of the hair strands, while density refers to the number of hair strands per square inch of the scalp. Elasticity measures the hair's ability to stretch and return to its original state without breaking. By analyzing these characteristics, hair professionals can assess the hair's strength, moisture levels, and potential damage. Hair color and wrap pattern are not typically included in a hair analysis.

Soft bender and loop circle rods are usually 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod.