P-DAT 4 Scapular Region

1. Which muscle is attached across the ventral surface of this bone?

Infraspinatus

Supraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

Serratus anterior

The correct answer is Subscapularis. The question is asking which muscle is attached across the ventral surface of a bone. Out of the given options, the Subscapularis muscle is the only one that fits this description. The other muscles listed are not specifically attached to the ventral surface of a bone.

Explanation

The correct answer is Subscapularis. The question is asking which muscle is attached across the ventral surface of a bone. Out of the given options, the Subscapularis muscle is the only one that fits this description. The other muscles listed are not specifically attached to the ventral surface of a bone.

2. Following a traumatic fall and visit to the ER, you as the attending physician are presented with radiographs of the patient's shoulder. A fracture at the tagged area will most likely damage which nerve?

Suprascapular

Axillary

Thoracodorsal

Radial

Dorsal scapular

A fracture at the tagged area is most likely to damage the axillary nerve. The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid muscle and the teres minor muscle, both of which are important for shoulder movement and stability. Damage to the axillary nerve can result in weakness or paralysis of these muscles, leading to difficulty in raising the arm and performing certain movements.

Explanation

A fracture at the tagged area is most likely to damage the axillary nerve. The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid muscle and the teres minor muscle, both of which are important for shoulder movement and stability. Damage to the axillary nerve can result in weakness or paralysis of these muscles, leading to difficulty in raising the arm and performing certain movements.

3. A patient complaining of shoulder pain undergoes an MRI, which reveals a cystic mass that is lodged within the tagged area. The mass is most likely to compress which structure?

Circumflex scapular artery

Dorsal scapular nerve

Axillary nerve

Suprascapular nerve

Dorsal scapular artery

The MRI reveals a cystic mass lodged within the tagged area, and the question asks which structure is most likely to be compressed by this mass. The suprascapular nerve is the most likely structure to be compressed because it runs through the suprascapular notch, which is located in the region where the cystic mass is found. Compression of the suprascapular nerve can cause shoulder pain and weakness, which aligns with the patient's complaint of shoulder pain.

Explanation

The MRI reveals a cystic mass lodged within the tagged area, and the question asks which structure is most likely to be compressed by this mass. The suprascapular nerve is the most likely structure to be compressed because it runs through the suprascapular notch, which is located in the region where the cystic mass is found. Compression of the suprascapular nerve can cause shoulder pain and weakness, which aligns with the patient's complaint of shoulder pain.

4. An athlete presents to your clinic complaining of left shoulder pain. On examination, you determine that she has injured the rotator cuff muscle tagged in the following image. You inform the athlete that she will have difficulty moving her upper extremity in ____________ .

Abduction

Adduction

Flexion

Extension

Medial rotation

The athlete will have difficulty moving her upper extremity in abduction because the rotator cuff muscle tagged in the image is responsible for initiating and controlling abduction of the shoulder joint.

Explanation

The athlete will have difficulty moving her upper extremity in abduction because the rotator cuff muscle tagged in the image is responsible for initiating and controlling abduction of the shoulder joint.

5. What is the proximal attachment of the muscle that attaches distally to the tagged structure?

Infraspinatus fossa

Spine of the scapula

Superior angle of the of the scapula

Supraspinatus fossa

Supraglenoid fossa

The proximal attachment of the muscle that attaches distally to the tagged structure is the Spine of the scapula.

Explanation

The proximal attachment of the muscle that attaches distally to the tagged structure is the Spine of the scapula.

6. Which one of the following statements is true about the structures that form the superior and inferior boundaries of the tagged space:

Both are innervated by dorsal scapular nerve

Both have distal attachments to the greater tubercle of humerus

Both help to medially rotate the arm

Both are innervated by the axillary nerve

Both are supplied by the circumflex scapular artery

Both the superior and inferior boundaries of the tagged space are supplied by the circumflex scapular artery.

Explanation

Both the superior and inferior boundaries of the tagged space are supplied by the circumflex scapular artery.

7. The tagged artery is a branch of which artery?

Axillary

Suprascapular

Posterior circumflex humeral

Subscapular

Brachial

The question asks which artery is the tagged artery a branch of. The correct answer is "Brachial." This means that the tagged artery is a branch of the brachial artery.

Explanation

The question asks which artery is the tagged artery a branch of. The correct answer is "Brachial." This means that the tagged artery is a branch of the brachial artery.