Latihan Soal Biologi Kelas Xi Materi Jaringan Tumbuhan.

Meristem adalah jaringan tumbuhan yang bertanggung jawab untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Jaringan ini terletak di ujung akar dan pucuk tumbuhan, serta pada daun-daun muda. Meristem memiliki kemampuan untuk membelah diri secara aktif, sehingga memungkinkan tumbuhan untuk terus tumbuh dan berkembang menjadi lebih tinggi dan lebih besar. Dengan demikian, meristem adalah jaringan yang menyebabkan tumbuhan dapat tumbuh menjadi lebih tinggi dan lebih besar.

Dengan lingkaran tahun pada tumbuhan, kita dapat mengetahui umur pohon. Lingkaran tahun adalah cincin-cincin yang terbentuk pada batang pohon setiap tahunnya. Setiap cincin mewakili satu tahun pertumbuhan pohon. Dengan menghitung jumlah cincin pada batang pohon, kita dapat mengetahui umur pohon tersebut.

Parenkim asimilasi adalah jenis parenkim yang berfungsi untuk fotosintesis. Fotosintesis adalah proses di mana tumbuhan menggunakan energi matahari untuk mengubah karbon dioksida dan air menjadi glukosa dan oksigen. Parenkim asimilasi memiliki kloroplas yang mengandung pigmen hijau yang diperlukan untuk fotosintesis. Melalui proses ini, tumbuhan dapat menghasilkan makanan dan oksigen yang diperlukan untuk kelangsungan hidupnya.

The parenchyma tissue is found in almost all parts of the plant. It is a simple tissue that consists of thin-walled, living cells with large intercellular spaces. Parenchyma cells are responsible for various functions such as photosynthesis, storage of nutrients, and secretion. They are also involved in the healing process of wounds and regeneration of damaged tissues. Therefore, it is the most common and widely distributed tissue in plants.

The correct answer is Koelenkim. Koelenkim is a type of plant tissue that provides strength and support to young, non-woody plants. It is responsible for maintaining the upright growth of the plant.

The correct answer is Endodermis. The endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots that surrounds the stele, which is the central vascular tissue. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of water and nutrients into the vascular tissue. The other options listed, such as kambium, epidermis, eksodermis, and parenkim, do not directly border the stele in the same way that the endodermis does.

Parenchyma tissue in plants functions as a storage site for water and air, as well as for the regeneration of cells and as a wound cover. It also serves as a storage site for food reserves. However, it does not function as a transporter of nutrients and essential elements.

The correct answer is "Tempat terjadinya fotosintesis". In monocot plants, the sponge-like network of veins in the leaves, called the sponge tissue, is responsible for carrying out photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen, using chlorophyll in the leaves. The sponge tissue contains chloroplasts, which are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis. Therefore, the sponge tissue serves as the site where photosynthesis occurs in monocot leaves.

The correct answer is Sel endodermis. The endodermis is a specialized layer of cells in plant roots that surrounds the vascular tissue. It has a thickened cell wall and a waterproof layer called the Casparian strip, which prevents water and solutes from freely passing through the cell walls. This adaptation allows the endodermis to regulate the movement of water and nutrients into the vascular tissue, ensuring efficient absorption and transport in the plant.

Lentisel is the correct answer because it refers to the loosely arranged rows of cells found on the surface of leaves. These cells are responsible for allowing gas exchange and the release of excess water vapor. Lentisels are important for the overall health and function of the leaf, as they facilitate the exchange of gases and help regulate transpiration.