How Much Do You Know About World Explorers?

Smallpox is the correct answer because it was a highly contagious and deadly disease that devastated the Aztec population. Smallpox was brought to the Americas by European explorers and colonizers, and the Aztecs had no immunity to the disease. It spread rapidly, causing widespread illness and death among the Aztecs. The introduction of smallpox played a significant role in the downfall of the Aztec empire.

Hudson mapped the New York River Valley looking for the Northwest Passage for the Dutch East Indian Company.

Ferdinand Magellan is the correct answer because he led the first expedition to successfully circumnavigate the world. Magellan's voyage, which began in 1519, was the first to sail around the globe and proved that the Earth was round. Although Magellan himself did not complete the entire journey, as he was killed in the Philippines, one of his ships, the Victoria, returned to Spain in 1522, completing the circumnavigation. Magellan's expedition opened up new trade routes and expanded European knowledge of the world.

During the age of exploration, sailors used the astrolabe and compass to aid in navigation. The astrolabe was a tool used to measure the angle between the horizon and celestial bodies, such as the sun or stars, allowing sailors to determine their latitude. The compass, on the other hand, helped sailors find their direction by pointing towards the Earth's magnetic north. These instruments were crucial in helping sailors navigate the vast oceans and discover new lands. GPS and iPhones, although modern navigation tools, were not available during the age of exploration.

Scurvy is the correct answer because it is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, which was common among sailors during long voyages at sea. Without access to fresh fruits and vegetables, sailors did not receive enough vitamin C in their diet, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and bleeding gums. If left untreated, scurvy can be fatal, which explains why explorers would die from this disease during long sea voyages.

The three G's of Exploration are Gold, Glory, and God. Gondola does not fit into this category as it is not a concept or motivation typically associated with exploration.

Cortes was the Spanish Conquistador who attacked the Aztecs. He led an expedition in 1519 and eventually conquered the Aztec Empire in 1521. Cortes is known for his strategic military tactics, alliances with rival indigenous groups, and the capture of the Aztec emperor Montezuma II. His conquest of the Aztecs played a significant role in the colonization of Mexico by the Spanish.

Vasco da Gama is the correct answer because he is known for sailing from Portugal to India. He was a Portuguese explorer who successfully found a direct sea route from Europe to Asia, which was a significant achievement during the Age of Exploration. Da Gama's voyage in 1497-1498 opened up a lucrative trade route and established Portugal as a major player in the spice trade with India.

Christopher Columbus is the correct answer because he is historically known for sailing to San Salvador in the New World. Columbus was an Italian explorer who completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, opening the way for widespread European exploration and the eventual colonization of the Americas. His first voyage in 1492 led him to land in the Bahamas, which he believed to be the East Indies. San Salvador was one of the islands he encountered during this voyage, marking his arrival in the New World.

The Northwest Passage was an imaginary all-water route through North America that many explorers looked for. It was believed to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, providing a shortcut for trade routes. Explorers like John Cabot, Martin Frobisher, and Henry Hudson searched for this passage in the 16th and 17th centuries, hoping to find a direct route to Asia. However, the Northwest Passage was not discovered until the 19th century when Roald Amundsen successfully navigated through it. The Panama Canal, Transcontinental Railroad, and Circumnavigation are not related to the search for the Northwest Passage.

Henry the Navigator is the correct answer because he was a prince who established a navigation school in Sagres, Portugal. He played a significant role in promoting exploration and navigation during the Age of Discovery. His school trained sailors and navigators, leading to advancements in shipbuilding, cartography, and navigation techniques. Henry's efforts paved the way for future explorers, such as Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, to successfully navigate new routes and discover new lands.

Pizzaro was the Spanish Conquistador who attacked the Incas. He led an expedition to South America in the early 16th century and conquered the Inca Empire, ultimately leading to its downfall. Pizzaro and his men captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa and demanded a large ransom for his release, but despite receiving the payment, they executed him. This event marked the beginning of Spanish colonization in the region and the eventual destruction of the Inca civilization.

The correct answer is "Horn". The Cape located at the tip of South America is known as Cape Horn. It is located in the Tierra del Fuego archipelago and is considered one of the most treacherous and challenging maritime routes in the world. Many sailors and explorers have faced strong winds, high waves, and extreme weather conditions while navigating around Cape Horn. It is an important landmark for maritime navigation and has a rich history of exploration and trade routes.

Caravels were developed during the age of exploration as smaller ships that were easy to sail and navigate. They were also known for their speed, being faster compared to the larger galleons. The Nina, one of the ships used by Christopher Columbus, was an example of a caravel.

Vasco de Balboa is the correct answer because he is known for being the first European to explore the isthmus of Panama and discover the Pacific Ocean. He achieved this feat in 1513, crossing the narrow strip of land and reaching the ocean. This discovery was significant as it opened up a new route for trade and exploration, and Balboa's expedition laid the foundation for future European colonization and the establishment of the Panama Canal.

Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian cartographer and explorer who played a significant role in the discovery of the Americas. He was one of the first to suggest that the lands discovered by Christopher Columbus were not part of Asia, but a new continent. Vespucci's accounts of his voyages and his maps helped to popularize the idea of a new world, and the continents of North and South America were named after him. While other explorers like Columbus, Magellan, da Gama, and de Balboa also made important discoveries, it was Vespucci's contributions that ultimately led to the recognition and naming of the continents.

Bartolomeu Dias is the correct answer because he was the Portuguese explorer who first sailed around the southern tip of Africa, which is now known as the Cape of Good Hope. This discovery opened up a new sea route to the Indian Ocean, allowing for easier trade and exploration between Europe and Asia.