ORG OP 600 Final Exam

1. 12. Most drugs under study as treatments for bulimia target the ____ system.

GABA

Dopamine

Norepinephrine

Serotonin

2. 3. Which of the following is a symptom of the mood disorder known as mania?

Clear, coherent speech

Hypoactive behavior

Fatigue

Grandiosity

3. 22. A boy who consistently behaves in feminine ways is exhibiting:

Gender non-activation

Gender experimentation

Gender crises

Gender non-conformity

4. 17. Psychosocial interventions such as stress reduction techniques for chronically ill individuals are thought to affect the disease process via the immune system in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

Giving patients a greater sense of control

Helping patients utilize social support networks

Changing patients' negative cognitions

Helping patients realize that their sense of hopelessness is realistic

5. 38. Which of the following is accurate in regard to the long-term outlook for schizophrenic patients?

About 50% of persons diagnosed with the disorder eventually recover.

Recovery is possible only if the person stays on medication.

Recovery is possible only if the patient receives psychotherapy.

Complete recovery from schizophrenia is rare.

6. People beh 1. People behave best when they are:

Very anxious

Not anxious at all

A little anxious

Fearful

7. 11. Amy is a young woman who is very competitive and comes from a high achieving, wealthy family. She is very social and likes the fact that she is quite popular. She believes that her popularity is dependent on the weight and shape of her body. Amy has a boyfriend but worries that she may care more about their relationship than he does. The feature that puts Amy most at risk for an eating disorder such as bulimia is her:

Belief that her weight and body shape influence her popularity

Belief that her boyfriend cares less about the relationship than she does

Successful family

Competitive nature

8. 48. Which of the following individuals has the greatest risk of developing Alzheimer's type dementia?

Paul, who is wealthy and well educated

Rena, who completed college although she has an average IQ

Jason, who is extremely bright but never finished college

Carrie, who dropped out of school when she was very young

9. 9. In comparing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to antidepressant medication, all of the following statements are accurate EXCEPT:

Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with ECTRelief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with ECT

Psychotically depressed patients should be treated with medication, not ECT

10. 45. The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by toxins, food additives, or diet:

Is based on well controlled studies

Is not well understood or studied, but generally effective as a treatment

Appears true for a small subset of individuals diagnosed with ADHD

Has no scientific evidence

11. 13. When considering all the factors that influence the development of eating disorders, e.g., anorexia and bulimia, it is apparent that the ____ is unique when compared to factors that affect the development of other psychological disorders.

Strong influence of genetics

Role that family instability plays

Power of neurobiological influences

Influence of society and culture

12. 16. Sam sleeps for eight or more hours every night but never feels rested. He can't understand why he is always tired despite the fact that he reports no difficulties with the quality or quantity of his sleep. Of the following, Sam's most likely diagnosis is:

Hypersomnia

Sleep apnea

Narcolepsy

Non-specific parasomnia

13. 34. Which of the following is the most likely model to explain the cause of borderline personality disorder?

Biological

Early trauma resulting in post traumatic stress disorder symptoms that are not recognized or dealt with during childhood

Stressful life events

Biological predisposition interacting with life events such as childhood trauma and later life stressors

14. 44. Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a:

Change in symptoms over the lifespan

Genetic component to the disorder

Significant dysfunction during childhood

General decline in functioning over time

15. 43. What is the generic name of the antipsychotic medication Thorazine?

Haloperidol

Chlorpromazine

Clozapine

Risperidone

16. 46. All of the following side effects EXCEPT ____ are associated with the medications, Ritalin and Cylert, which are used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Insomnia

Drowsiness

Irritability

Weight gain

17. 27. Alll of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT:

Nausea and/or vomiting

Hypersomnia

Hallucinations

Delirium tremens

18. People beh2. In regard to the anxiety disorder known as OCD, which of the following would NOT be an example of a behavioral compulsion?

Checking

Counting

Hand washing

Climbing stairs

19. 4. In studies of bipolar patients who experience rapid cycling, it has been found that as many as 90% are:

Female

Male

Elderly

Adolescents

20. 32. The language barrier of refugees from other countries and people with hearing impairments may make these individuals particularly susceptible to:

Histrionic personality disorder

Paranoid personality disorder

Schizotypal personality disorder

Schizoid personality disorder

21. 35. The personality disorder that sociologists have associated with the increased attention to individualism, competitiveness, success and the short-term pleasure seeking of the "me generation" is ____ personality disorder.

Antisocial

Dependent

Histrionic

Narcissistic

22. 23. The most common of all the male sexual dysfunctions is:

Erectile dysfunction

Inhibited orgasm

Premature ejaculation

Sexual aversion

23. 24. The experience of vaginismus is highest in:

Sexually liberal cultures

Sexually conservative cultures

Poor countries

Developed countries

24. 7. Clinical studies have shown that 50 to 75 percent of patients taking Prozac will experience:

Manic episodes

Suicidal tendencies

Sexual dysfunction

Cardiac irregularities

25. 8. Although the mood stabilizing drug lithium is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder, patient compliance has been a problem. Patients often stop taking their lithium, even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods, because they:

Become anxious that the drug is too toxic

Miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces

Start to have panic attacks

Cannot afford the high cost of the medication

26. 10. Although glorifying and romanticizing suicide in the media contributes to copycat suicides, it is more likely that the person copying the suicide is:

Just doing it for attention

Vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder

Not really serious about the suicide attempt

Trying to impress others

27. 47. Mr. Smith (age 72) is brought to the hospital emergency room. Mr. Smith's son explains that his father woke up this morning and was "not himself." Mr. Smith appears confused, agitated and a bit frightened. He does not know his own name and cannot recognize his son. Mr. Smith's son reports that his father had been completely fine with no symptoms prior to that morning. Mr. Smith appears to be suffering from:

Dementia

Alzheimer's

Delirium

Amnestic disorder

28. 5. Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "permissive" hypothesis, which states that:

Low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders

The norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur

When serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities

The absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters

29. 49. Higher levels of education and Alzheimer's disease are associated with:

The prevention of the disease

A delay in the onset of symptoms

A slow course of deterioration once it starts

The rapid onset of symptoms

30. 14. Outcome research regarding the long-term success of treatment for eating disorders indicates that:

Anorexia patients tend to have a better prognosis than bulimia patients

Bulimia patients tend to have a better prognosis than anorexia patients

Both anorexia and bulimia patients almost always make a full and long term recovery after treatment

31. 37. The personality disorder characterized by unreasonable fear of abandonment, fear of being rejected, avoidance of disagreement, inability to make decisions for oneself and clinging behavior is ____ personality disorder.

Dependent

Avoidant

Schizoid

Histrionic

32. 40. How do the delusions in delusional disorder differ from the delusions in paranoid schizophrenia?

In delusional disorder, the imagined events could really be happening but there is no evidence that they are happening.

In paranoid schizophrenia, the imagined events have actually happened or are now happening.

In delusional disorder, the imagined events are so bizarre that they could never have happened and never will happen.

There is no difference. Delusions are defined similarly for all conditions.

33. 30. Relapse prevention refers to a treatment mode which views relapse as:

A failure of cognitive and behavioral coping skills

A failure of willpower

Proof that a person will never be able to control their drinking

An insurmountable obstacle to treatment for substance abuse

34. 6. In Aaron Beck's depressive cognitive triad, individuals think negatively about all of the following EXCEPT:

Themselves

Their immediate world

Their past

Their future

35. 20. Which of the following is true regarding sexuality?

Women desire demonstrations of love and intimacy during sex, while men focus on arousal.

Men and women focus mostly on sexual arousal during sex.

Men tend to be aroused by both males and female sexual stimuli, while women respond only to male sexual stimuli.

Men and women focus equally on the romantic aspects of their sexual experiences.

36. 41. Research studies focusing on genetic factors in schizophrenia have found that:

An individual with a schizophrenic identical twin has the highest risk factor (almost 50%) of developing schizophrenia.

In family studies of schizophrenia, the genetic influence can be separated from the environmental impact.

The more severe a parent's schizophrenic disorder, the less likely the children were to develop it.

37. 25. One psychological aspect of voyeurism and exhibitionism that seems to maintain the disordered behavior is:

Some anxiety about getting caught

The fact that these individuals are rarely caught

The desire to hurt their victims

Some sense that their victims really enjoy being subjected to their fetish

38. 26. Of the various hypothesized influences of paraphilia, the ones that we know the least about involve:

Biological influences such as genetics and neurotransmitters

Reinforced but inappropriate masturbatory fantasies

Social influences such as inadequate development of social skills

Paradoxical effects of repeated attempts to suppress unwanted arousal

39. 15. Sleep research suggests that:

REM sleep is related to depression

Sleep abnormalities follow clinical depression

Sleep problems don't predict who is at risk for later mood disorders

Sleep deprivation has permanent antidepressant effects on some people

40. 29. Research with soldiers and adolescents suggests that people often use substances to:

Cope with unpleasant feelings

To raise awareness of their feelings

Both of these

Neither of these

41. 31. All of the following are necessary conditions for the diagnosis of a personality disorder EXCEPT:

Patient feelings of distress

Pervasive pattern of behavior

Maladaptive functioning

Chronic course of behavior

42. 42. Making the diagnosis of schizophrenia is controversial because:

The symptoms can vary as a function of culture or race

The symptoms are similar across culture and race

The symptoms simply reflect biases in the minds of mental health professionals

The label is derogatory and has no clinical utility

43. 18. A woman who has successfully run several marathons is more likely to tolerate high levels of pain than a novice runner because of:

Self-efficacy

Self esteem

Self-determination

Self-direction

44. 19. A treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome developed by Michael Sharpe includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Medication

Increased activity

Regulated rest periods

Breathing exercises

45. 39. In which of the following disorders are hallucinations and delusions NOT part of the symptom pattern?

Schizotypal personality disorder

Schizoaffective disorder

Schizophreniform disorder

Brief psychotic disorder

46. 28. Enkephalins and endorphins are natural opioids found in:

The brain

The humoral system

DNA

Poppy seeds

47. 36. Individuals who keep to themselves because they are anxious and fearful of rejection are likely to be diagnosed with ____ personality disorder.