Org OP 600 Final Exam
- 1.
People beh 1. People behave best when they are:
- A.
Very anxious
- B.
Not anxious at all
- C.
A little anxious
- D.
Fearful
Correct Answer
C. A little anxious -
- 2.
People beh2. In regard to the anxiety disorder known as OCD, which of the following would NOT be an example of a behavioral compulsion?
- A.
Checking
- B.
Counting
- C.
Hand washing
- D.
Climbing stairs
Correct Answer
B. Counting -
- 3.
3. Which of the following is a symptom of the mood disorder known as mania?
- A.
Clear, coherent speech
- B.
Hypoactive behavior
- C.
Fatigue
- D.
Grandiosity
Correct Answer
D. Grandiosity -
- 4.
4. In studies of bipolar patients who experience rapid cycling, it has been found that as many as 90% are:
- A.
Female
- B.
Male
- C.
Elderly
- D.
Adolescents
Correct Answer
A. Female -
- 5.
5. Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "permissive" hypothesis, which states that:
- A.
Low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders
- B.
The norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur
- C.
When serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities
- D.
The absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters
Correct Answer
B. The norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur -
- 6.
6. In Aaron Beck's depressive cognitive triad, individuals think negatively about all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Themselves
- B.
Their immediate world
- C.
Their past
- D.
Their future
Correct Answer
C. Their past -
- 7.
7. Clinical studies have shown that 50 to 75 percent of patients taking Prozac will experience:
- A.
Manic episodes
- B.
Suicidal tendencies
- C.
Sexual dysfunction
- D.
Cardiac irregularities
Correct Answer
C. Sexual dysfunction -
- 8.
8. Although the mood stabilizing drug lithium is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder, patient compliance has been a problem. Patients often stop taking their lithium, even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods, because they:
- A.
Become anxious that the drug is too toxic
- B.
Miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces
- C.
Start to have panic attacks
- D.
Cannot afford the high cost of the medication
Correct Answer
B. Miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces -
- 9.
9. In comparing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to antidepressant medication, all of the following statements are accurate EXCEPT:
- A.
Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with ECT Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with ECT
- B.
B. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication
- C.
Short-term memory loss is a side effect of treatment with medication. Short-term memory loss is a side effect of treatment with medication. Short-term memory loss is a side effect of treatment with medication. Short-term memory loss is a side effect of treatment with medication.
- D.
Psychotically depressed patients should be treated with medication, not ECT
Correct Answer
B. B. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication. Relief of symptoms occurs more rapidly with medication -
- 10.
10. Although glorifying and romanticizing suicide in the media contributes to copycat suicides, it is more likely that the person copying the suicide is:
- A.
Just doing it for attention
- B.
Vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder
- C.
Not really serious about the suicide attempt
- D.
Trying to impress others
Correct Answer
B. Vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder -
- 11.
11. Amy is a young woman who is very competitive and comes from a high achieving, wealthy family. She is very social and likes the fact that she is quite popular. She believes that her popularity is dependent on the weight and shape of her body. Amy has a boyfriend but worries that she may care more about their relationship than he does. The feature that puts Amy most at risk for an eating disorder such as bulimia is her:
- A.
Belief that her weight and body shape influence her popularity
- B.
Belief that her boyfriend cares less about the relationship than she does
- C.
Successful family
- D.
Competitive nature
Correct Answer
A. Belief that her weight and body shape influence her popularity -
- 12.
12. Most drugs under study as treatments for bulimia target the ____ system.
- A.
GABA
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Norepinephrine
- D.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
D. Serotonin -
- 13.
13. When considering all the factors that influence the development of eating disorders, e.g., anorexia and bulimia, it is apparent that the ____ is unique when compared to factors that affect the development of other psychological disorders.
- A.
Strong influence of genetics
- B.
Role that family instability plays
- C.
Power of neurobiological influences
- D.
Influence of society and culture
Correct Answer
D. Influence of society and culture -
- 14.
14. Outcome research regarding the long-term success of treatment for eating disorders indicates that:
- A.
Anorexia patients tend to have a better prognosis than bulimia patients
- B.
Bulimia patients tend to have a better prognosis than anorexia patients
- C.
Both anorexia and bulimia patients almost always make a full and long term recovery after treatment
- D.
Neither anorexia nor bulimia patients tend to make long term recoveries, with most patients going through repeated bouts of these disorders throughout their lives
Correct Answer
B. Bulimia patients tend to have a better prognosis than anorexia patients -
- 15.
15. Sleep research suggests that:
- A.
REM sleep is related to depression
- B.
Sleep abnormalities follow clinical depression
- C.
Sleep problems don't predict who is at risk for later mood disorders
- D.
Sleep deprivation has permanent antidepressant effects on some people
Correct Answer
A. REM sleep is related to depression -
- 16.
16. Sam sleeps for eight or more hours every night but never feels rested. He can't understand why he is always tired despite the fact that he reports no difficulties with the quality or quantity of his sleep. Of the following, Sam's most likely diagnosis is:
- A.
Hypersomnia
- B.
Sleep apnea
- C.
Narcolepsy
- D.
Non-specific parasomnia
Correct Answer
B. Sleep apnea -
- 17.
17. Psychosocial interventions such as stress reduction techniques for chronically ill individuals are thought to affect the disease process via the immune system in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
- A.
Giving patients a greater sense of control
- B.
Helping patients utilize social support networks
- C.
Changing patients' negative cognitions
- D.
Helping patients realize that their sense of hopelessness is realistic
Correct Answer
D. Helping patients realize that their sense of hopelessness is realistic -
- 18.
18. A woman who has successfully run several marathons is more likely to tolerate high levels of pain than a novice runner because of:
- A.
Self-efficacy
- B.
Self esteem
- C.
Self-determination
- D.
Self-direction
Correct Answer
A. Self-efficacy -
- 19.
19. A treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome developed by Michael Sharpe includes all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Medication
- B.
increased activity
- C.
Regulated rest periods
- D.
Breathing exercises
Correct Answer
A. Medication -
- 20.
20. Which of the following is true regarding sexuality?
- A.
Women desire demonstrations of love and intimacy during sex, while men focus on arousal.
- B.
Men and women focus mostly on sexual arousal during sex.
- C.
Men tend to be aroused by both males and female sexual stimuli, while women respond only to male sexual stimuli.
- D.
Men and women focus equally on the romantic aspects of their sexual experiences.
Correct Answer
A. Women desire demonstrations of love and intimacy during sex, while men focus on arousal. -
- 21.
21. The incidence of gender identity disorder is:
- A.
Very low, with far less than 1% of the population affected
- B.
Very low, with approximately 1% of the population affected
- C.
Moderately low, with approximately 1% to 5% of the population affected
- D.
Moderate, with about 5% or more of the population affected
Correct Answer
A. Very low, with far less than 1% of the population affected -
- 22.
22. A boy who consistently behaves in feminine ways is exhibiting:
- A.
Gender non-activation
- B.
Gender experimentation
- C.
Gender crises
- D.
Gender non-conformity
Correct Answer
D. Gender non-conformity -
- 23.
23. The most common of all the male sexual dysfunctions is:
- A.
Erectile dysfunction
- B.
Inhibited orgasm
- C.
Premature ejaculation
- D.
Sexual aversion
Correct Answer
C. Premature ejaculation -
- 24.
24. The experience of vaginismus is highest in:
- A.
Sexually liberal cultures
- B.
Sexually conservative cultures
- C.
Poor countries
- D.
Developed countries
Correct Answer
B. Sexually conservative cultures -
- 25.
25. One psychological aspect of voyeurism and exhibitionism that seems to maintain the disordered behavior is:
- A.
Some anxiety about getting caught
- B.
The fact that these individuals are rarely caught
- C.
The desire to hurt their victims
- D.
Some sense that their victims really enjoy being subjected to their fetish
Correct Answer
A. Some anxiety about getting caught -
- 26.
26. Of the various hypothesized influences of paraphilia, the ones that we know the least about involve:
- A.
Biological influences such as genetics and neurotransmitters
- B.
Reinforced but inappropriate masturbatory fantasies
- C.
Social influences such as inadequate development of social skills
- D.
Paradoxical effects of repeated attempts to suppress unwanted arousal
Correct Answer
A. Biological influences such as genetics and neurotransmitters -
- 27.
27. Alll of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT:
- A.
Nausea and/or vomiting
- B.
Hypersomnia
- C.
Hallucinations
- D.
Delirium tremens
Correct Answer
B. Hypersomnia -
- 28.
28. Enkephalins and endorphins are natural opioids found in:
- A.
The brain
- B.
The humoral system
- C.
DNA
- D.
Poppy seeds
Correct Answer
A. The brain -
- 29.
29. Research with soldiers and adolescents suggests that people often use substances to:
- A.
Cope with unpleasant feelings
- B.
To raise awareness of their feelings
- C.
Both of these
- D.
Neither of these
Correct Answer
A. Cope with unpleasant feelings -
- 30.
30. Relapse prevention refers to a treatment mode which views relapse as:
- A.
A failure of cognitive and behavioral coping skills
- B.
A failure of willpower
- C.
Proof that a person will never be able to control their drinking
- D.
An insurmountable obstacle to treatment for substance abuse
Correct Answer
A. A failure of cognitive and behavioral coping skills -
- 31.
31. All of the following are necessary conditions for the diagnosis of a personality disorder EXCEPT:
- A.
Patient feelings of distress
- B.
Pervasive pattern of behavior
- C.
Maladaptive functioning
- D.
Chronic course of behavior
Correct Answer
A. Patient feelings of distress -
- 32.
32. The language barrier of refugees from other countries and people with hearing impairments may make these individuals particularly susceptible to:
- A.
Histrionic personality disorder
- B.
Paranoid personality disorder
- C.
Schizotypal personality disorder
- D.
Schizoid personality disorder
Correct Answer
B. Paranoid personality disorder -
- 33.
33. One prevalent outcome for individuals with schizoid personality disorder is:
- A.
Homelessness
- B.
Drug abuse
- C.
Eating disorders
- D.
Anxiety
Correct Answer
A. Homelessness -
- 34.
34. Which of the following is the most likely model to explain the cause of borderline personality disorder?
- A.
Biological
- B.
Early trauma resulting in post traumatic stress disorder symptoms that are not recognized or dealt with during childhood
- C.
Stressful life events
- D.
Biological predisposition interacting with life events such as childhood trauma and later life stressors
Correct Answer
D. Biological predisposition interacting with life events such as childhood trauma and later life stressors -
- 35.
35. The personality disorder that sociologists have associated with the increased attention to individualism, competitiveness, success and the short-term pleasure seeking of the "me generation" is ____ personality disorder.
- A.
Antisocial
- B.
Dependent
- C.
Histrionic
- D.
Narcissistic
Correct Answer
D. Narcissistic -
- 36.
36. Individuals who keep to themselves because they are anxious and fearful of rejection are likely to be diagnosed with ____ personality disorder.
- A.
Avoidant
- B.
Schizoid
- C.
Schizotypal
- D.
Antisocial
Correct Answer
A. Avoidant -
- 37.
37. The personality disorder characterized by unreasonable fear of abandonment, fear of being rejected, avoidance of disagreement, inability to make decisions for oneself and clinging behavior is ____ personality disorder.
- A.
Dependent
- B.
Avoidant
- C.
Schizoid
- D.
Histrionic
Correct Answer
A. Dependent -
- 38.
38. Which of the following is accurate in regard to the long-term outlook for schizophrenic patients?
- A.
About 50% of persons diagnosed with the disorder eventually recover.
- B.
Recovery is possible only if the person stays on medication.
- C.
Recovery is possible only if the patient receives psychotherapy.
- D.
Complete recovery from schizophrenia is rare.
Correct Answer
D. Complete recovery from schizophrenia is rare. -
- 39.
39. In which of the following disorders are hallucinations and delusions NOT part of the symptom pattern?
- A.
Schizotypal personality disorder
- B.
Schizoaffective disorder
- C.
Schizophreniform disorder
- D.
Brief psychotic disorder
Correct Answer
A. Schizotypal personality disorder -
- 40.
40. How do the delusions in delusional disorder differ from the delusions in paranoid schizophrenia?
- A.
In delusional disorder, the imagined events could really be happening but there is no evidence that they are happening.
- B.
In paranoid schizophrenia, the imagined events have actually happened or are now happening.
- C.
In delusional disorder, the imagined events are so bizarre that they could never have happened and never will happen.
- D.
There is no difference. Delusions are defined similarly for all conditions.
Correct Answer
A. In delusional disorder, the imagined events could really be happening but there is no evidence that they are happening. -
- 41.
41. Research studies focusing on genetic factors in schizophrenia have found that:
- A.
An individual with a schizophrenic identical twin has the highest risk factor (almost 50%) of developing schizophrenia.
- B.
In family studies of schizophrenia, the genetic influence can be separated from the environmental impact.
- C.
If one person in a family has a particular subtype of schizophrenia, e.g., paranoid, the other family members inherit a predisposition for that subtype only.
- D.
The more severe a parent's schizophrenic disorder, the less likely the children were to develop it.
Correct Answer
A. An individual with a schizophrenic identical twin has the highest risk factor (almost 50%) of developing schizophrenia. -
- 42.
42. Making the diagnosis of schizophrenia is controversial because:
- A.
The symptoms can vary as a function of culture or race
- B.
The symptoms are similar across culture and race
- C.
The symptoms simply reflect biases in the minds of mental health professionals
- D.
The label is derogatory and has no clinical utility
Correct Answer
A. The symptoms can vary as a function of culture or race -
- 43.
43. What is the generic name of the antipsychotic medication Thorazine?
- A.
Haloperidol
- B.
Chlorpromazine
- C.
Clozapine
- D.
Risperidone
Correct Answer
B. Chlorpromazine -
- 44.
44. Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a:
- A.
Change in symptoms over the lifespan
- B.
Genetic component to the disorder
- C.
Significant dysfunction during childhood
- D.
General decline in functioning over time
Correct Answer
C. Significant dysfunction during childhood -
- 45.
45. The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by toxins, food additives, or diet:
- A.
Is based on well controlled studies
- B.
Is not well understood or studied, but generally effective as a treatment
- C.
Appears true for a small subset of individuals diagnosed with ADHD
- D.
Has no scientific evidence
Correct Answer
D. Has no scientific evidence -
- 46.
46. All of the following side effects EXCEPT ____ are associated with the medications, Ritalin and Cylert, which are used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- A.
Insomnia
- B.
Drowsiness
- C.
Irritability
- D.
Weight gain
Correct Answer
D. Weight gain -
- 47.
47. Mr. Smith (age 72) is brought to the hospital emergency room. Mr. Smith's son explains that his father woke up this morning and was "not himself." Mr. Smith appears confused, agitated and a bit frightened. He does not know his own name and cannot recognize his son. Mr. Smith's son reports that his father had been completely fine with no symptoms prior to that morning. Mr. Smith appears to be suffering from:
- A.
Dementia
- B.
Alzheimer's
- C.
Delirium
- D.
Amnestic disorder
Correct Answer
C. Delirium -
- 48.
48. Which of the following individuals has the greatest risk of developing Alzheimer's type dementia?
- A.
Paul, who is wealthy and well educated
- B.
Rena, who completed college although she has an average IQ
- C.
Jason, who is extremely bright but never finished college
- D.
Carrie, who dropped out of school when she was very young
Correct Answer
D. Carrie, who dropped out of school when she was very young -
- 49.
49. Higher levels of education and Alzheimer's disease are associated with:
- A.
The prevention of the disease
- B.
A delay in the onset of symptoms
- C.
A slow course of deterioration once it starts
- D.
The rapid onset of symptoms
Correct Answer
B. A delay in the onset of symptoms -
- 50.
50. Parkinson's disease is associated with:
- A.
Subcortical dementia
- B.
Aphasia
- C.
Delirium
- D.
Hearing loss
Correct Answer
A. Subcortical dementia -
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