British Romantic Poets Review

Romanticism is the correct answer because it refers to a movement in art and literature that emerged in England in the early 19th century. This movement emphasized the importance of imagination, intuition, self-expression, emotion, and non-conformity, contrasting with the Neo-classical values of reason, order, objectivity, and rules. Romanticism sought to break free from the constraints of traditional norms and explore the depths of human emotions and experiences.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote "Kubla Khan," "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," "Dejection Ode," and "The Pains of Sleep." These are all well-known poems that were written by Coleridge during the Romantic period. Coleridge was a prominent English poet and literary critic, and his works are known for their vivid imagery, lyrical style, and exploration of complex themes such as nature, imagination, and the supernatural. His poems continue to be celebrated for their artistic and intellectual depth, making Coleridge an important figure in English literature.

The correct answer is John Keats. He is the author of "La Belle Dame Sans Merci," "Sonnet to Sleep," "Ode on a Grecian Urn," "A Thing of Beauty," and "Ode to a Nightingale." John Keats was a renowned English Romantic poet known for his vivid imagery and emotional depth in his works. His poems often explore themes of beauty, nature, and mortality.

William Wordsworth is the correct answer because he is the poet who said, "The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings... recollection in tranquility." This quote is from his preface to the second edition of his famous collection of poems, "Lyrical Ballads." In this preface, Wordsworth discusses his poetic theory and emphasizes the importance of emotions and memories in poetry. He believes that poetry should be a reflection of intense emotions that are recollected and expressed in a state of tranquility. This quote encapsulates Wordsworth's belief in the power of emotions and the transformative nature of poetic expression.

The correct answer is "pisan circle". The Pisan Circle refers to a group of English friends centered in Pisa, Italy, during the early 19th century. This circle included famous poets Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. They were known for their intellectual discussions, collaborations, and influence on each other's literary works. The term "pisan circle" specifically refers to this group of friends and their association with Pisa.

Trochaic meter is the reverse of iambic meter because it consists of an accented syllable followed by an unaccented syllable, whereas iambic meter consists of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. In trochaic meter, the emphasis is on the first syllable of each foot, creating a different rhythmic pattern compared to iambic meter.

William Wordsworth wrote "Tinturn Abbey," "The Lucy Poems," "The World is too Much With Us," and "Surprised by Joy." He is a renowned English poet who was a key figure in the Romantic movement. His poems often explore themes of nature, memory, and the human experience. "Tinturn Abbey" is a reflective poem about the power of nature and the impact it has on the human psyche. "The Lucy Poems" are a series of lyrical poems dedicated to a mysterious figure named Lucy. "The World is too Much With Us" criticizes the materialistic and industrial society of the time. "Surprised by Joy" is a deeply personal poem about the loss of his daughter.

The correct answer is "opium wars or anglo-chinese wars." The opium wars were a series of conflicts between China and Britain during the 19th century. The British wanted to maintain control of the opium trade with China, which was highly profitable for them. These wars resulted in British victory and forced China to open its ports to foreign trade, leading to significant changes in China's relationship with the Western world.

Scot's dialect is the correct answer because it refers to the English dialect spoken in the Scottish lowlands that has been influenced by both Gaelic and Norse languages. This dialect is unique to the region and reflects the historical linguistic influences from these two languages.

A sonnet is a verse form consisting of fourteen lines of iambic pentameter divided into an octave or eight lines (the "burden") and a sestet or six lines (the "release"). Sonnets are traditionally amatory in nature, meaning they often express feelings of love or desire.

The correct answer is "spenserian stanza". A spenserian stanza is a nine-line stanza with the rhyme scheme ABABBCBCC. This type of stanza was popularized by the English poet Edmund Spenser in his epic poem "The Faerie Queene". The mention of archaisms in the poem suggests that it imitates the language and style of medieval poetry, similar to what Spenser did in his work. Therefore, the use of the spenserian stanza and the presence of archaisms contribute to the mock-medieval flavor of the poem.

An iambic pentameter is a verse line consisting of five iambs. An iamb is a metrical foot in which an unaccented syllable is followed by an accented syllable. Therefore, iambic pentameter is the correct answer as it describes a line of verse with a specific rhythm and structure. A heroic couplet, on the other hand, is a pair of rhyming lines in iambic pentameter, and an ode is a type of lyric poem with a specific structure and tone.

Internal rhyme is a ballad technique in which rhyming occurs within a line. This means that words within the same line of a ballad rhyme with each other. This technique adds musicality and rhythm to the ballad, enhancing its poetic quality. It also helps to create a sense of cohesion and unity within the poem.

William Wordsworth is the correct answer because he was a renowned poet associated with the Lake District. He is known for his romantic poetry, which often celebrated nature and the beauty of the natural world. Wordsworth's works, such as "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" and "Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey," reflect his deep connection to the landscape and his ability to capture its essence in his writing. His sister, Dorothy Wordsworth, was also a writer and played a significant role in his life and work, but he is the more well-known poet of the two.

Blank verse is an unrhymed form of poetry that follows a strict iambic pentameter meter. It consists of lines with ten syllables, organized into five pairs of unstressed and stressed syllables. This form of verse allows for flexibility and naturalness in expression, as it mimics the rhythm of everyday speech. It has been widely used in English literature, particularly in plays and epic poems, to create a sense of grandeur and to convey complex ideas and emotions.

Enjambment is the correct answer because it refers to the poetic technique of continuing a sentence or phrase across multiple lines of verse without a pause or punctuation at the end of each line. This allows the meaning of the sentence to flow smoothly from one line to the next, creating a sense of continuity and fluidity in the poem. It is often used to create tension, surprise, or emphasis in the poem. The other options, "ayres" and "pisan circle," are unrelated and do not describe the given definition.

Keats coined the term "negative capability" to describe Shakespeare's ability to embrace uncertainty and ambiguity without seeking definite answers or explanations. This phrase refers to the capacity to tolerate and appreciate the existence of mysteries and doubts without succumbing to the need for logical reasoning or concrete facts. It highlights the importance of embracing the unknown and allowing oneself to experience the beauty and depth of life's uncertainties.

Platonism is the correct answer because it refers to the philosophy of Plato, which posits the existence of "The One" or transcendental absolute as the source of perfect forms. According to Plato, these perfect forms are the innate ideas from which the imperfect copies in the physical world are derived. Platonism is therefore the philosophy that encompasses these beliefs and ideas.

William Blake wrote "Songs of Innocence," "Songs of Experience," and "Visions of the Daughters of Albion." These are collections of poetry that explore themes of innocence, experience, and the corrupting influences of society. Blake was a British poet and artist who is known for his visionary and mystical works. His poetry often delves into themes of spirituality, social injustice, and the nature of the human soul. "Songs of Innocence" and "Songs of Experience" are considered some of his most famous and influential works, showcasing his unique poetic style and imaginative vision.

Mary Wollstonecraft wrote "A Vindication of the Rights of Women." This groundbreaking work, published in 1792, is considered one of the earliest feminist texts. Wollstonecraft argued for women's education and equal rights, challenging the prevailing societal norms and advocating for women's intellectual and social advancement. Her book laid the foundation for the feminist movement and remains influential in the fight for gender equality.

Both the Neo-Classical Pope and the Romantic Wordsworth view nature as a source of inspiration and wisdom. For the Neo-Classical Pope, nature provides intelligent principles that guide and inform his writing. On the other hand, for the Romantic Wordsworth, nature is like a nurturing mother, providing comfort, solace, and a sense of connection to the world. Both poets see nature as a powerful force that influences their artistic and philosophical beliefs.

Orientalism is the correct answer because it refers to the study of the East that was influenced by the attitudes of European imperialism in the 18th and 19th centuries. During this time, European powers had a strong influence over Eastern countries and cultures, and their perceptions of the East were often shaped by stereotypes, exoticism, and a sense of superiority. Orientalism encompasses the study, representation, and interpretation of Eastern cultures, languages, religions, and traditions from a Western perspective, which was heavily influenced by the imperialist attitudes of the time.

William Blake was a visionary artist and poet known for his unique and imaginative works. He was not only a skilled painter but also a prolific writer, known for his poems such as "The Tyger" and "Songs of Innocence and of Experience." Blake's works were often infused with spiritual and mystical themes, and he was considered ahead of his time in terms of his artistic style and ideas. His visionary approach to art and poetry set him apart as a true visionary artist and poet.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge is known for being a poet of the supernatural due to his famous poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." This poem explores themes of the supernatural, including ghosts, curses, and mysterious forces. Coleridge's use of vivid imagery and supernatural elements in his poetry solidifies his reputation as an addicted, mad poet of the supernatural.

Robert Burns is the correct answer because he is the Scottish poet who wrote the poems "To a Mouse," "To a Louse," and "A Red, Red Rose." Burns is known for his lyrical poetry and his ability to capture the beauty of nature and the human experience in his works. His poems often reflect on themes of love, nature, and the struggles of everyday life.

Thomas De Quincey is the correct answer because he is the author of the book "Confessions of an English Opium Eater." This autobiographical work, published in 1821, details De Quincey's experiences with opium addiction and his reflections on society and the human condition. It is considered a classic in the genre of addiction literature and has had a significant influence on subsequent works.

Percy Bysshe Shelley is the correct answer because he is the author of the mentioned works. "Hymn to an Intellectual Beauty," "To a Skylark," "A Defence of Poetry," and "To Wordworth" are all famous poems written by Shelley.

The correct answer is primitivism. Primitivism refers to the belief that primitive or indigenous societies are morally superior to modern societies. The cult of noble savages, associated with Rousseau, believed that man is naturally good and that civilization corrupts this inherent goodness. Primitivism romanticizes the simplicity and purity of pre-civilized societies, often idealizing them as more harmonious and in touch with nature. This movement gained popularity in the 18th century and influenced various fields such as art, literature, and anthropology.

Robert Burns is known as the "Heaven taught plowman" because he was a Scottish farmer who wrote poetry. His poems often celebrated rural life and the struggles of the working class. Burns is considered one of the greatest poets in the Scottish literary tradition and his works, such as "Auld Lang Syne" and "Tam o' Shanter," are still widely celebrated today.

Thomas De Quincey was the imaginative essayist because he was known for his unique and vivid writing style. De Quincey's essays often explored the realms of imagination and fantasy, delving into dreamlike states and surreal experiences. His most famous work, "Confessions of an English Opium-Eater," showcases his imaginative storytelling and introspective musings. De Quincey's ability to captivate readers with his imaginative prose solidifies him as the correct answer to the question.

Lord Byron is the correct answer because he is the author of "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage." This poem is a narrative work that follows the travels and reflections of a young man named Childe Harold. Lord Byron was a prominent English poet during the Romantic period and is known for his lyrical and often melancholic poetry. "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" is considered one of his most famous and influential works, showcasing his poetic skill and his exploration of themes such as nature, love, and the human condition.

The technique used in ballads in which the narrative is presented through a question and answer exchange is called dialogue format. In this format, the story is conveyed through a series of questions and responses between different characters, creating a dynamic and interactive narrative structure. This technique adds depth and engagement to the ballad, allowing the audience to actively participate in the storytelling process.

Percy Bysshe Shelley is the correct answer because he was known for his passionate idealism. As a prominent Romantic poet, Shelley's works often expressed his belief in the power of imagination and the pursuit of a better society. He was deeply committed to social and political reform, advocating for equality, freedom, and justice. His poetry, such as "Prometheus Unbound" and "Ode to the West Wind," reflects his idealistic views and his desire to inspire change through his writing.

The three-part organizational principle for the mythic journey consists of the separation of the hero-in-the-making from the familiar, initiation experiences including a descent into "hell" and ascent into "heaven", and a return home with new knowledge essential for the survival of the hero's culture. This pattern is often seen in various mythological and literary works, where the hero undergoes a transformative journey that involves leaving their ordinary world, facing challenges and trials, and returning with newfound wisdom or power. The example given, "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner", is a poem that follows this mythic pattern, showcasing the hero's separation, initiation experiences, and eventual return home with valuable knowledge.

Art ballads are poems written by professional poets that imitate the story-telling techniques of traditional ballads. These poems often incorporate narrative elements, such as a clear storyline, characters, and a rhythmic structure. They may also use traditional ballad techniques like incremental repetition, where certain lines or phrases are repeated with slight variations. Additionally, art ballads may include archaisms, which are old-fashioned or outdated language choices that add a sense of authenticity and tradition to the poem. Overall, art ballads aim to capture the essence and style of traditional ballads while being composed by professional poets.

Gothicism is the correct answer because it refers to a popular literary and art movement in the late 18th and 19th centuries that aimed at evoking primal emotions of fear and wonder. It involved a revival of medievalism and often featured "tales of terror" set in castles or faraway places. Orientalism and primitivism are not the correct answers because they do not specifically relate to this particular movement.

Medievalism refers to the fascination and romanticization of the Middle Ages, particularly prevalent in the 19th century. During this time, there was a longing for a return to a more vibrant and picturesque era before the Industrial Revolution. This love for the Middle Ages manifested in various forms such as literature, art, architecture, and fashion. It involved a nostalgic yearning for a simpler and more colorful time, often idealizing chivalry, knights, and castles. Therefore, medievalism is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the strong fascination with the Middle Ages in the 19th century.

John Keats is the correct answer because he is known for his concept of "negative capability." Negative capability refers to the ability to embrace uncertainty, doubt, and mystery without seeking definitive answers or explanations. Keats believed that poetry should capture and express this state of being, where the poet can immerse themselves in the unknown and explore the depths of human experience. This quote reflects Keats' belief in the power of poetry to convey the complexities and contradictions of life.

A ballad is a popular four-line verse form using alternating rhyme that is often associated with folk songs or hymns. Ballads typically tell a story, often with a narrative structure and a strong emotional appeal. They are known for their simple and repetitive nature, making them easy to remember and sing. Ballads have been passed down through generations and are still enjoyed today for their storytelling and musical qualities.

An ode is a type of lyrical poem that is written in an elevated style and focuses on a serious subject. It is characterized by irregular stanzas, meaning that the lines within the stanzas do not follow a consistent pattern in terms of length and rhymes. Odes are often used to express intense emotions or to praise a person, event, or object.

Archaisms are words and language that were once commonly used but have now fallen out of regular use. They are suggestive of an earlier style or period, often associated with older literature or historical contexts. These words and phrases may seem outdated or unfamiliar to modern readers, highlighting the evolution of language over time.

Robert Burns collected songs in Scots dialect, which are known as "ayres." These songs are written in the Scots language and reflect the cultural heritage and traditions of Scotland. Burns was a Scottish poet and lyricist who played a significant role in preserving and popularizing these traditional songs. His collection of ayres includes famous works like "Auld Lang Syne" and "Scots Wha Hae." These songs are characterized by their unique language, themes of love, nature, and Scottish identity, and are still celebrated and performed today as an important part of Scottish folk music.

A pause usually in the middle of a line of verse indicated by a pause in sense is known as a caesura. In poetry, a caesura is a deliberate break or pause in the rhythm of a line. It helps to create emphasis, add dramatic effect, or allow the reader to take a breath. It is often indicated by punctuation marks such as commas, dashes, or periods. Caesura is a technique commonly used in various forms of poetry to enhance the overall flow and meaning of the verses.

Incremental repetition is a ballad technique where certain lines or phrases are repeated with slight variations in order to advance or amplify the narrative. This technique helps to build tension, create emphasis, and enhance the overall impact of the story being told in the ballad. By repeating certain elements, the ballad becomes more memorable and the narrative is further developed, allowing the reader or listener to engage with the story on a deeper level.

The correct answer is "familiar essay." The familiar essay was a popular form of essay writing during the Romantic period. It was characterized by its informal and conversational tone, as well as its exploration of personal thoughts and experiences. Writers like Thomas De Quincey used this form to reflect on various topics and engage with their readers in a more intimate way. "The Confessions of an English Opium Eater" is an example of a familiar essay where De Quincey discusses his addiction to opium and its effects.

A heroic couplet is a pair of rhyming lines written in iambic pentameter. In "Tintern Abbey," Wordsworth uses this poetic form to create a sense of closure and resolution at the end of each stanza. The regularity of the rhyme and meter in the heroic couplet adds a sense of harmony and balance to the poem, emphasizing the speaker's contemplation and reflection on nature and memory.

John Keats was known for his sensuous and passionate poetry, often exploring themes of desire and longing. His poems were filled with vivid imagery and rich sensory details, which evoked a strong emotional response from the reader. Keats was also known for his contemplative and introspective nature, often expressing his own personal yearnings and desires through his poetry. Therefore, it can be inferred that John Keats is the sensuous, passive, yearning "singer" mentioned in the question.

Percy Bysshe Shelley said, "Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds." This quote suggests that poetry reflects the most positive and enlightened thoughts and experiences of the most brilliant and content individuals. It implies that poetry serves as a testament to the highest achievements of the human mind and spirit.

William Blake said, "Poetry is the experience of the spirit and life... (of the) Real Man: The Imagination which liveth forever." This statement reflects Blake's belief in the power of poetry to capture the essence of the human experience and the eternal nature of the imagination. Blake was a renowned poet and artist who explored themes of spirituality, imagination, and the human condition in his works. His statement emphasizes the transformative and enduring qualities of poetry, suggesting that it allows us to connect with a deeper, more authentic understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

Lord Byron is the correct answer because he is known for his poem "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage," in which these lines appear. In this poem, Byron expresses his belief that the act of creation, whether it be through writing or any other form of art, allows one to experience a heightened sense of existence. This quote reflects Byron's romantic and passionate view of the creative process.