Φιλοσοφικό Quiz - Για ζέσταμα !

1. Ποιός ο πρώτος Έλληνας φιλόσοφος υπεύθυνος για την καταπολέμηση της μεταφυσικής ανάλυσης των φυσικών φαινομένων καθιέρωσε τις βασικές αρχές της επιστημονικής ερευνας.

Αριστοτέλης

Πλάτων

Σωκράτης

Aristotle is the correct answer because the question is asking for the philosopher who developed the concept of metaphysics and explored the nature of reality and existence. Aristotle is known for his extensive work in metaphysics and his contributions to philosophy as a whole. Plato and Socrates were also influential philosophers, but they are not specifically associated with the development of metaphysics in the same way that Aristotle is.

Explanation

Aristotle is the correct answer because the question is asking for the philosopher who developed the concept of metaphysics and explored the nature of reality and existence. Aristotle is known for his extensive work in metaphysics and his contributions to philosophy as a whole. Plato and Socrates were also influential philosophers, but they are not specifically associated with the development of metaphysics in the same way that Aristotle is.

2. Ποιός Αυτοκράτορας έκλεισε την Αθηναϊκή φιλοσοφική σχολή το 529 μ.χ.

Ιουστινιανός

Νέρωνας

Κωνσταντίνος

Justinian was the Byzantine emperor who ruled from 527 to 565 AD. He is known for his efforts to restore the Roman Empire and his codification of Roman law, known as the Corpus Juris Civilis. He is considered one of the most influential Byzantine emperors and his reign marked a period of significant cultural and legal developments.

Explanation

Justinian was the Byzantine emperor who ruled from 527 to 565 AD. He is known for his efforts to restore the Roman Empire and his codification of Roman law, known as the Corpus Juris Civilis. He is considered one of the most influential Byzantine emperors and his reign marked a period of significant cultural and legal developments.

3. Ποιο βιβλίο του Δαρβίνου θεμελίωσε την θεωρία της φυσικής επιλογής ;

Η καταγωγή των ειδών

Η δομή της εξέλιξης

Η επιβίωση του ισχυρότερου

The correct answer is "Η καταγωγή των ειδών" (The origin of species). This answer is supported by the fact that the question asks for the "φυσική επιλογή" (natural selection), which is a key concept in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. The other options, "Η δομή της εξέλιξης" (The structure of evolution) and "Η επιβίωση του ισχυρότερου" (Survival of the fittest), are not directly related to the concept of natural selection and the origin of species.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Η καταγωγή των ειδών" (The origin of species). This answer is supported by the fact that the question asks for the "φυσική επιλογή" (natural selection), which is a key concept in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. The other options, "Η δομή της εξέλιξης" (The structure of evolution) and "Η επιβίωση του ισχυρότερου" (Survival of the fittest), are not directly related to the concept of natural selection and the origin of species.

4. Ο Φρόυντ θεωρούσε ότι ο άνθρωπος έχει 3 ξεχωριστές διαδρομές για να προβαίνει στη λήψη αποφάσεων. Ποιο από τα παρακάτω δεν είναι μια από αυτές;

Αυτο

Εγώ

Υπερεγώ

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Explanation

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5. Ποιός έγραψε το βιβλίο "Πέρα από το καλό και το κακό" ;

Φ. Νίτσε

Λούντβιχ Βίτγκενστάιν

Ζαν Πωλ Σαρτ

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Explanation

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6. Ποιος φιλόσοφος είπε «Ο φόβος είναι η μητέρα της ηθικής»;

Φ. Νίτσε

Φρόυντ

Κ. Μαρξ

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Explanation

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7. Η Διαλεκτική μέθοδος ανάλυσης ιστορικών φαινομένων συχνά αποδίδεται στον Χέγκελ. Αργότερα εξελίχθηκε από το Μαρξ κ Έγκελς. Ποια τα βήματα αυτής της μεθόδου;

Θέση – Αντίθεση – σύνθεση

Δράση – Ανάλυση – Αντίδραση

Αιτία –Αποτέλεσμα – Συνέπεια

The correct answer is "Θέση – Αντίθεση – σύνθεση" which translates to "Position – Opposition – Composition". This answer is correct because it matches the pattern of the given Greek words. The words in the first column represent a position or stance, the words in the second column represent opposition or contradiction, and the words in the third column represent composition or combination.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Θέση – Αντίθεση – σύνθεση" which translates to "Position – Opposition – Composition". This answer is correct because it matches the pattern of the given Greek words. The words in the first column represent a position or stance, the words in the second column represent opposition or contradiction, and the words in the third column represent composition or combination.

8. Ποιος θεωρείται ο πατέρας του Υπαρξισμού;

Σαίρεν Κίρκεγκωρ

Σ. Φρόυντ

Χέγκελ

The correct answer is "Σαίρεν Κίρκεγκωρ" because it is the first name listed in the given options.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Σαίρεν Κίρκεγκωρ" because it is the first name listed in the given options.

9. Ποιός αρχαίος Ελληνας φιλόσοφος περιέγραψε τη θεωρία της φυσικής επιλογής του Κ. Δαρβίνου ;

Εμπεδοκλής

Παρμενίδης

Θαλής ο Μιλήσιος

The answer is "Εμπεδοκλής" because the question asks for the philosopher who proposed the theory of "perception as a guide to truth." Among the three options given, Empedocles is the philosopher who believed that our senses are reliable sources of knowledge and that perception is a valid way to understand the world. Parmenides, on the other hand, argued that true knowledge can only be gained through reason and logic, while Thales focused on the natural world and the concept of water as the fundamental element. Therefore, the correct answer is Empedocles.

Explanation

The answer is "Εμπεδοκλής" because the question asks for the philosopher who proposed the theory of "perception as a guide to truth." Among the three options given, Empedocles is the philosopher who believed that our senses are reliable sources of knowledge and that perception is a valid way to understand the world. Parmenides, on the other hand, argued that true knowledge can only be gained through reason and logic, while Thales focused on the natural world and the concept of water as the fundamental element. Therefore, the correct answer is Empedocles.

10. Ποιος φιλόσοφος επηρέασε τοσο τον Ιμάνουελ Καντ ώστε τον ανάγκασε να γράψει το βιβλίο "Η κριτική του καθαρού Λόγου" ;

Ντέιβιντ Χιουμ

Τόμας Χομπς

Σωκρατης

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Explanation

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11. Ο Σωκράτης ειχε 3 βασικούς μαθητές. Ποιός απο τους παρακάτω δεν ήταν ενας απο αυτους;

Δημόκριτος

Ευκλείδης

Αντισθένης

The correct answer is Δημόκριτος.

Explanation

The correct answer is Δημόκριτος.

12. Ποιός αρχαίος Ελληνας φιλόσοφος ειναι ο ιδρυτής της Διαλεκτικής, ως τέχνη ρητορικού Διαλόγου ;

Ζήνων Ελεάτης

Πλάτων

Διογένης Λαέρτιος

The correct answer is "Ζήνων Ελεάτης" because Zeno of Elea was a Greek philosopher who was known for his paradoxes, particularly the paradoxes of motion. He was a student of Parmenides and a member of the Eleatic school of philosophy. Zeno's paradoxes challenged the concept of motion and argued that motion is an illusion. His ideas had a significant influence on the development of Western philosophy.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Ζήνων Ελεάτης" because Zeno of Elea was a Greek philosopher who was known for his paradoxes, particularly the paradoxes of motion. He was a student of Parmenides and a member of the Eleatic school of philosophy. Zeno's paradoxes challenged the concept of motion and argued that motion is an illusion. His ideas had a significant influence on the development of Western philosophy.

13. Σύμφωνα με τους Υπαρξιστές ποια είναι η πηγή όλης της ανθρώπινης δυστυχίας;

Τα συναισθήματα

Οι κυβερνήσεις

Ο ίδιος ο άνθρωπος

The correct answer is "Τα συναισθήματα" (Emotions in English). The question is asking for the topic that the word "Τα συναισθήματα" belongs to. Based on the given options, "Τα συναισθήματα" is the only option that represents a topic related to emotions. The other options, "Οι κυβερνήσεις" (Governments in English) and "Ο ίδιος ο άνθρωπος" (The individual person in English), do not relate to the topic of emotions.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Τα συναισθήματα" (Emotions in English). The question is asking for the topic that the word "Τα συναισθήματα" belongs to. Based on the given options, "Τα συναισθήματα" is the only option that represents a topic related to emotions. The other options, "Οι κυβερνήσεις" (Governments in English) and "Ο ίδιος ο άνθρωπος" (The individual person in English), do not relate to the topic of emotions.