Spectral Density Logging Tool Measurement Principle Electrical Engineering
- 1.Select all of the following applications of the SDLT.
- A.
Determine the volume of shale
- B.
Measure formation permeability
- C.
Identification of gas bearing formations
- D.
Estimation of formation true resistivity
- E.
Estimation of hydrocarbon density
- F.
Determine formation porosity
- G.
Determine lithology
- 2.Select all of the following that apply to scintillation detectors.
- A.
Crystal is composed of sodium chloride NaCl
- B.
Scintillation crystal coupled to a photo multiplier tube
- C.
Gamma rays interact with the scintillation crystal
- D.
Electrons pass through high voltage fields to produce several secondary electrons
- E.
Electrons are ejected from the photo multiplier tube
- 3.Lithology can be determined from
- A.
Photoelectric factor
- B.
Tortuosity factor
- C.
Cementation exponent
- D.
Saturation exponent
- 4.The SDLT cannot acquire accurate data in
- A.
Cased Hole
- B.
Freshwater-based mud
- C.
Saltwater-based mud
- D.
Air-drilled holes
- 5.The SDLT employs a 1.5 Curie chemical source of ________ to emit a continuous stream of gamma rays
- A.
Cesium-137
- B.
Americium/Beryllium
- C.
Cobalt 60
- D.
Thorium
- 6.Which of the following statements is true?
- A.
Energy loss in gamma rays can be related to physical characteristics of the formation
- B.
Gamma rays interacting with electrons in formation gain energy
- 7.Gamma rays may be absorbed by an electron when their energy level reaches
- A.
100 keV
- B.
1000 keV
- C.
10,000 keV
- 8.The binding energy of inner shell electrons is greater than outer shell electrons and increases proportionally to the atomic number of the nucleus.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.The energy loss experienced by a gamma ray in a collision with an outer shell electron is dependent on the rock's molecular composition.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.What happens when a low energy (<100 keV) gamma ray interacts with the inner shell electron?
- A.
The electron absorbs the gamma ray and is ejected from its shell
- B.
The electron is displaced to an outer shell
- C.
The electron remains in an unchanged state
- 11.Which of the following best describes Compton scattering?
- A.
Higher energy (>100 keV) gamma rays collide with an outer shell electron and transfers some of its energy to that electron.
- B.
Higher energy (>100 keV) gamma rays collide with an inner shell electron causing the electron to move to an outer shell
- C.
Low energy (
- D.
Low energy (
- 12.Energy levels of greater than ________ are used to obtain a formation's bulk density.
- A.
100 keV
- B.
1 MeV
- C.
1000 keV
- D.
10,000 keV
- 13.When a low energy gamma ray collides with the inner shell electron and transfers its entire energy to that electron, which of the following occurs?
- A.
Photoelectric absorbsion
- B.
Compton scattering
- C.
Scintillation
- 14.How many detectors does the SDLT employ?
- A.
2
- B.
1
- C.
3
- D.
4
- 15.Bulk density and photoelectric factor measurements are processed using windows W1 through W4.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Which of the following curves represents corrections applied to bulk density for lithology?
- A.
CORM curve
- B.
CORP curve
- C.
RHOB curve
- 17.Which of the following curves represents corrections applied to bulk density caused by stand-off?
- A.
CORM curve
- B.
CORP curve
- C.
RHOB curve
- 18.What correction is applied to the bulk density measurement for a washout?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
No change
- 19.What correction is applied to the bulk density measurement for barite mudcake?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
No Change
- 20.Stand-off refers to
- A.
Any physical separation between a detector and formation
- B.
Distance between source and short-spaced detector
- C.
Physical distance between the short-spaced and long-spaced detector
- D.
Distance traveled by gamma rays from the source to the point at which it is absorbed
- 21.The SDLT can acquire accurate data in
- A.
Cased Hole
- B.
Freshwater-based mud
- C.
Saltwater-based mud
- D.
Air-drilled holes
- 22.The Spectral Density Logging Tool (SDLT) is designed to measure the electron density and gamma ray absorption properties of a formation.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 23.Gamma rays emitted from the cesium-137 source have an initial energy of _____ KeV.
- A.
662
- B.
62
- C.
6,662
- 24.At higher energy levels (>100 KeV), gamma rays interact with ____ shell electrons of atoms.
- A.
Outer
- B.
Inner
- 25.At lower energy levels (<100 KeV), gamma rays interact with ____ shell electrons of atoms.
- A.
Outer
- B.
Inner
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