Beware Of Typhoid, Understand The Disease In This Quiz
Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. It can be fatal. It is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. The infection is often passed on through contaminated food and drinking water, and it is more prevalent in places where handwashing is less frequent. Beware of Typhoid, Understand the disease in this quiz
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Typhoid Mainly spreads through
- A.
Contaminated Air
- B.
Mineral water
- C.
Contaminated food and water
- D.
Answer option 4
Correct Answer
C. Contaminated food and waterExplanation
Typhoid mainly spreads through contaminated food and water. This is because the bacteria that causes typhoid, Salmonella typhi, is typically found in feces and urine of infected individuals. When food or water becomes contaminated with these bacteria, usually through contact with sewage or poor hygiene practices, it can lead to the transmission of typhoid. Consuming contaminated food or water can allow the bacteria to enter the digestive system and cause infection. Therefore, contaminated food and water are the primary sources of typhoid transmission.Rate this question:
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- 2.
% of people become carrier of typhoid after suffering with acute illness of typhoid
- A.
5-7%
- B.
3-5%
- C.
10-125
- D.
Noneof the above
Correct Answer
B. 3-5%Explanation
The correct answer is 3-5%. This means that out of all the people who suffer from an acute illness of typhoid, approximately 3-5% of them become carriers of the disease. This suggests that a small percentage of individuals continue to harbor the bacteria even after recovering from the illness, potentially spreading it to others.Rate this question:
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- 3.
S.typhi is carried by ----------------- to the liver,gall bladder and spleen
- A.
RBC
- B.
WBC
- C.
Lymphatic node
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. WBCExplanation
S.typhi is carried by WBC (white blood cells) to the liver, gall bladder, and spleen. White blood cells are an integral part of the immune system and play a crucial role in defending the body against infections. When S.typhi enters the bloodstream, it is engulfed by white blood cells, allowing the bacteria to be transported to various organs, including the liver, gall bladder, and spleen. This helps the bacteria establish an infection in these organs, leading to the development of typhoid fever.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Typhoid patients may develope pink color spots in the body after ------------- days of typhoid fever
- A.
5 days
- B.
12 days
- C.
7 days
- D.
11 days
Correct Answer
C. 7 daysExplanation
After approximately 7 days of having typhoid fever, some patients may develop pink color spots on their body. These spots, known as rose spots, are a characteristic symptom of typhoid fever. They are small, flat, and rose-colored lesions that typically appear on the abdomen and chest. The presence of rose spots is helpful in diagnosing typhoid fever, as they are not commonly seen in other illnesses.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Typhoid is a seasonal disease. Maximum occurance of typhoid happens in which of the following season?
- A.
Winter
- B.
Spring
- C.
Rainy
- D.
Summer
Correct Answer
C. RainyExplanation
Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by the Salmonella typhi bacteria. It is commonly transmitted through contaminated food and water. The bacteria thrive in warm and moist conditions, making the rainy season an ideal environment for their growth and spread. During the rainy season, there is often an increase in waterborne diseases due to the contamination of water sources. Therefore, the maximum occurrence of typhoid happens in the rainy season.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which is the optimally used diagnosis tool for detection of typhoid
- A.
Blood culture
- B.
Stool culture
- C.
Widal
- D.
Bone marrow culture
Correct Answer
C. WidalExplanation
The Widal test is the optimally used diagnosis tool for the detection of typhoid. This test measures the presence of antibodies in the blood that are specific to the bacteria causing typhoid fever. It is a serological test that can help confirm a diagnosis of typhoid by detecting the immune response of the body to the infection. Other diagnostic methods like blood culture, stool culture, and bone marrow culture may also be used, but the Widal test is considered the most commonly used and reliable tool for diagnosing typhoid.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Gold standard for diagnosis of typhoid is
- A.
Widal
- B.
Stool culture
- C.
Blood culture
- D.
Noe of the above
Correct Answer
C. Blood cultureExplanation
Blood culture is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of typhoid because it is the most accurate and reliable method. Typhoid is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi, which can be detected in the blood during the early stages of the infection. Blood culture involves taking a sample of blood and incubating it in a culture medium to allow any bacteria present to grow. If Salmonella typhi is present in the blood, it will multiply and can be identified through laboratory testing. This method is highly sensitive and specific, making it the preferred choice for diagnosing typhoid.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Body temperature of a typhoid patient varies from --------- degree to ----------- degree
- A.
101-104
- B.
101-103
- C.
102-103
- D.
103-104
Correct Answer
D. 103-104Explanation
The correct answer is 103-104. This range indicates the variation in body temperature that can be observed in a typhoid patient. Typhoid fever is typically associated with a high fever, and temperatures within the range of 103-104 degrees Fahrenheit are commonly seen in individuals with this illness.Rate this question:
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- 9.
As per WHO guidelines, dosage of Cefixime in the treatment of typhoid is
- A.
10-15kg/body weight
- B.
8-20mg/kg body weight
- C.
15-20mg/kg body weight
- D.
12-16kg/kg body weight
Correct Answer
C. 15-20mg/kg body weightExplanation
The correct answer is 15-20mg/kg body weight. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, the recommended dosage of Cefixime for the treatment of typhoid is 15-20mg per kilogram of body weight. This means that the dosage should be calculated based on the individual's weight, with the range of 15-20mg per kilogram being the appropriate dosage.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In India, mortality rate in typhoid is
- A.
1-3%
- B.
7-12%
- C.
1.3-3.4%
- D.
2-9%
Correct Answer
C. 1.3-3.4%Explanation
The correct answer is 1.3-3.4%. This range represents the mortality rate in typhoid in India. It indicates that out of every 100 people who contract typhoid in India, approximately 1.3 to 3.4 individuals will die from the disease. This mortality rate is relatively low, suggesting that with proper medical care and treatment, the majority of individuals with typhoid in India can recover and survive.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The first Incidence of MDR typhoid was observed in India in which of the following years
- A.
1987
- B.
1988
- C.
1978
- D.
2001
Correct Answer
B. 1988Explanation
The correct answer is 1988. This means that the first incidence of MDR typhoid was observed in India in the year 1988.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The Major side effect of Chloramphenicol is
- A.
Diarrhoea
- B.
Headache
- C.
Bone marrow depression
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Bone marrow depressionExplanation
Chloramphenicol is known to have a major side effect called bone marrow depression. This refers to the suppression of bone marrow activity, leading to a decrease in the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This can result in anemia, increased susceptibility to infections, and abnormal bleeding. Therefore, bone marrow depression is a significant side effect associated with the use of Chloramphenicol.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Nelidixic Acid is ---------- group of antibiotic
- A.
Beta Lactams
- B.
Quinolone
- C.
Macrolide
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. QuinoloneExplanation
Nelidixic Acid belongs to the Quinolone group of antibiotics. Quinolones are a class of synthetic antibiotics that inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis by targeting the DNA gyrase enzyme. They are commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections and respiratory tract infections. Nelidixic Acid, specifically, is an older generation quinolone that is not commonly used today due to the development of more effective and safer quinolone antibiotics.Rate this question:
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- 14.
NAR resistant patients should be treated with
- A.
Cefixime/Ceftriaxone,Levofloxacin
- B.
Ceftriaxone/Cefixime, Azithromycin
- C.
Azithromycin,Ofloxacin,Cefpodoxime
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Ceftriaxone/Cefixime, AzithromycinExplanation
This answer is correct because NAR (Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Resistance) resistant patients should be treated with a combination therapy of two antibiotics to ensure effectiveness. Ceftriaxone and Cefixime are both recommended as part of the treatment regimen for NAR resistant patients. Azithromycin is also included in the treatment to target potential co-infections with Chlamydia trachomatis. The combination of Ceftriaxone/Cefixime and Azithromycin provides a comprehensive approach to treating NAR resistant patients.Rate this question:
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- 15.
As per Harrisson's Principle of Internal Medicine, dosage of Azithromycin for the empirical treatment of typhoid is
- A.
250mg/day for 10 days
- B.
500mg/day for 5 days
- C.
1000mg/day for 5 days
- D.
2000mg/day for 3 days
Correct Answer
C. 1000mg/day for 5 daysExplanation
According to Harrisson's Principle of Internal Medicine, the recommended dosage of Azithromycin for the empirical treatment of typhoid is 1000mg/day for 5 days. This dosage and duration of treatment is based on the effectiveness of Azithromycin in eradicating the bacteria causing typhoid fever. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and duration to ensure successful treatment and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Disadvantge of Ceftriaxone treatment are
- A.
High cost and relapse
- B.
Hospitalization and relapse
- C.
High cost and hospitalization
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. High cost and hospitalizationExplanation
The correct answer is high cost and hospitalization. Ceftriaxone treatment has the disadvantage of being expensive, which can pose a financial burden on patients. Additionally, it may require hospitalization, which can further increase the cost and inconvenience for individuals undergoing the treatment. Therefore, the combination of high cost and hospitalization are the disadvantages of Ceftriaxone treatment.Rate this question:
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- 17.
If typhoid is not treated properly for 2-3 weeks, what would be possible hazards that may happen to the patients
- A.
Intestinal perforation and bleeding
- B.
Bleeding and high fever
- C.
High fever and vomiting
- D.
Pink color spots in the body and high fever
Correct Answer
A. Intestinal perforation and bleedingExplanation
If typhoid is not treated properly for 2-3 weeks, the possible hazards that may happen to the patients are intestinal perforation and bleeding. Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi, which primarily affects the intestines. If left untreated, the infection can progress and cause the intestinal walls to weaken, leading to perforation. This can result in the leakage of intestinal contents into the abdominal cavity, causing severe complications and potentially life-threatening conditions. Additionally, untreated typhoid can also lead to bleeding in the intestines, further exacerbating the patient's condition.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Widal can be said to be positive if titre for O and H antigens are
- A.
>= 100 and 150 respectively
- B.
>= 100 and 200 respectively
- C.
>= 100 and 300 respectively
- D.
>= 150 and 300 respectively
Correct Answer
B. >= 100 and 200 respectivelyExplanation
A positive Widal test indicates the presence of antibodies against the bacteria that cause typhoid fever. In this case, a positive Widal test is defined as having a titre (level of antibodies) of at least 100 for the O antigen and at least 200 for the H antigen. This means that if the titre levels for both antigens meet or exceed these thresholds, the Widal test is considered positive.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Positive fecal culture of Azithromycin is 0 vis a vis 41% with Fluroquinolone. It implies
- A.
Fluroquinolone gives 41% better result in typhoid treatmet
- B.
Azithromycin offers predictability in treatment of typhoid
- C.
Azithromycin offer no chance of relapse compared to fluroquinolone which is 41%
- D.
No impact of feacal culture in the management of typhod
Correct Answer
C. Azithromycin offer no chance of relapse compared to fluroquinolone which is 41%Explanation
The answer suggests that Azithromycin offers no chance of relapse compared to Fluroquinolone, which has a relapse rate of 41%. This means that patients treated with Azithromycin are less likely to experience a recurrence of typhoid compared to those treated with Fluroquinolone.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Widal can be false positive, if the patient is having -------------------
- A.
Previous history of typhoid at least once
- B.
Vaccinated with typhoid vaccine
- C.
Been treated with chloramphenicol
- D.
Family history of typhoid
Correct Answer
B. Vaccinated with typhoid vaccineExplanation
Widal test is a serological test used to diagnose typhoid fever. It detects antibodies in the patient's blood against the bacteria causing typhoid. However, vaccination with the typhoid vaccine can also lead to the production of these antibodies, resulting in a false positive result. Therefore, if a patient has been vaccinated with the typhoid vaccine, the Widal test may show positive results even if the patient does not have an active typhoid infection.Rate this question:
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