Weight Loss And Sports Supplements
- 1.What should healthcare professionals consider when evaluating dietary supplements for athletes?
- A.
Safety and effectiveness
- B.
Quality
- C.
Possibility of doping
- D.
All of the above
- 2.Which of the following statements about whey protein is TRUE?
- A.
Whey promotes a rapid rise in serum amino acid levels.
- B.
Whey has a high content of the essential amino acid leucine.
- C.
Whey is slowly digested.
- D.
A and B
- 3.Which of the following statements about arginine alpha-ketoglutarate and/or nitric oxide is FALSE?
- A.
Arginine is the substrate for the nitric oxide synthase enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidation of arginine to produce nitric oxide.
- B.
Nitric oxide promotes vasodilation.
- C.
Arginine is not recommended following acute myocardial infarction.
- D.
Several studies suggest that arginine alpha-ketoglutarate increases muscle size.
- 4.Which of the following statements about growth hormone and/or arginine supplementation is FALSE?
- A.
Consuming 5 to 9 gm of arginine at rest increases growth hormone in a dose-dependent manner.
- B.
Exercise alone increases growth hormone levels by 300% to 500%.
- C.
Ingesting arginine before exercise further increases the growth hormone response to exercise.
- D.
A high dose of arginine can cause considerable gastrointestinal distress without further raising growth hormone levels
- 5.Which of the following statements about caffeine supplementation is FALSE?
- A.
It may improve performance during short-term intense aerobic exercise and prolonged endurance exercise.
- B.
It increases alertness and reduces the perception of effort.
- C.
It significantly increases fat metabolism and spares muscle glycogen.
- D.
It is unlikely to elevate urine output or cause dehydration if consumed in moderation before and/or during exercise.
- 6.Which of the following statements about creatine supplementation is FALSE?
- A.
It increases phosphocreatine stores in muscles.
- B.
It may improve performance during repeated intervals of high-intensity, short-duration exercise.
- C.
It enhances muscle size and strength during resistance training.
- D.
It has long-term detrimental effects on kidney and liver function.
- 7.Which of the following supplements purportedly increase the body’s ability to buffer lactic acid?
- A.
Beta-alanine, bovine colostrum, creatine, sodium bicarbonate
- B.
Beta-alanine, bovine colostrum, sodium bicarbonate, pyruvate
- C.
Beta-alanine, bovine colostrum, phosphate, sodium bicarbonate
- D.
Phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, ribose, beta-alanine
- 8.Research has shown that androstenedione supplementation in men:
- A.
Increases testosterone levels
- B.
Decreases HDL cholesterol and increases estrogen levels
- C.
Increases muscle mass
- D.
Increases strength
- 9.Which of the following supplements supposedly enhance fat oxidation and/or lipolysis?
- A.
Hydroxycitrate, chitosan, pyruvate
- B.
Green tea extract, conjugated linoleic acids, carnitine
- C.
Coleus forskolin, caffeine
- D.
B and C
- 10.Which supplements purportedly increase metabolic rate?
- A.
7-keto DHEA, citrus aurantium, and green tea extract
- B.
Coleus forskolin, hydroxycitrate and hoodia
- C.
Ephedra, caffeine, and capsaicin
- D.
A and C Correct
- 11.Which supplement contains synephrine and octopamine?
- A.
Ephedra
- B.
Yohimbine
- C.
Citrus aurantium
- D.
Guarana
- 12.Which supplements allegedly promote weight loss or improve athletic performance due to their effect on brain neurotransmitters?
- A.
St. John's wort, 5-HTP, tyrosine
- B.
St. John's wort, 5-HTP, L-threanine
- C.
St. John's wort, 5-HTP, magnolia bark
- D.
L-threanine, magnolia bark, beta-sitosterol
- 13."Ephedra-free" on a supplement label means that the supplement does not contain any stimulants.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is TRUE?
- A.
Dietary supplements do not undergo pre-market testing for safety and effectiveness.
- B.
The amount of an active ingredient may be higher or lower than amount listed on the product label.
- C.
Products containing "natural" ingredients are safe.
- D.
A and B Correct
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