Clas 360 Final

Old Comedy is a genre of Greek comedy that was characterized by its satirical and often political nature. The role of the Chorus in Old Comedy was significant, as they would comment on the events of the play, provide moral guidance, and interact with the characters. The Chorus acted as a voice of the common people and represented the collective opinion of the audience. In New Comedy, which developed later, the role of the Chorus was diminished and the focus shifted more towards individual characters and their personal lives. Therefore, the correct answer is Old Comedy.

Old Comedy is known for its use of open personal invective. This form of comedy, developed in ancient Greece, often involved satire, parody, and ridicule of individuals, including public figures and politicians. It was characterized by its bold and sometimes offensive language, as well as its focus on social and political commentary. New Comedy, on the other hand, was more focused on everyday life and domestic situations, and did not typically employ open personal invective. Therefore, the correct answer is Old Comedy.

Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its satirical and political nature. In Old Comedy, the plots are often driven by a clash of principles or ideas, where the main characters engage in witty dialogue and use humor to criticize societal norms and authority figures. This type of comedy was popular in ancient Greece, particularly during the 5th century BC, and is characterized by its exaggerated and absurd situations, as well as its use of satire to address important social and political issues of the time.

Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is a type of comedy that originated in ancient Greece and was characterized by its satirical and political nature. It often involved the use of humor to criticize and mock political figures, institutions, and societal norms. This type of comedy was popular during the 5th century BC and was performed during political debates and festivals. New Comedy, on the other hand, focused more on everyday life and domestic situations, making it less relevant to political debates.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its focus on love intrigue. This genre of comedy originated in ancient Greece and Rome and typically revolves around romantic relationships, mistaken identities, and the complications that arise from them. New Comedy often features a lighthearted and humorous portrayal of love and the various obstacles that characters face in their pursuit of romantic relationships. It is characterized by its witty dialogue, clever plot twists, and comedic situations that arise from the misunderstandings and deceptions surrounding love.

Aristophanes, in his comedies, consistently and urgently advocates for peace with Sparta. This means that he promotes the idea of ending the war and establishing a peaceful relationship with Sparta. This could be because he believes that war is destructive and wants to avoid further bloodshed and suffering. Aristophanes may argue that peace would bring stability and prosperity to the city-state. By advocating for peace with Sparta, he is suggesting a diplomatic approach to resolving conflicts and fostering better relations between the two states.

In the genre of comedy, there is often a reversal or inversion of the social order. In Old Comedy, this is evident as major social tasks are achieved through unconventional means. Women's conspiracy refers to a group of women coming together and working secretly to accomplish a significant goal. This answer suggests that in Old Comedy, women would play a central role in achieving important social tasks through their collective efforts and scheming.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre that focuses on the social interactions and manners of the upper class. It emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC and was characterized by its lighthearted and satirical portrayal of everyday life. Unlike Old Comedy, which often criticized political and social issues, New Comedy primarily dealt with domestic situations, love affairs, and misunderstandings. It influenced later comedic genres, such as the comedy of manners, which also emphasized the social behavior and etiquette of the upper class.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its frequent use of the motif of twins. This genre of comedy, which emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BCE, often featured plots involving mistaken identities and the confusion caused by identical twins. The motif of twins allowed for humorous situations and misunderstandings, which were central to the comedic elements of New Comedy.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre of comedy that emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. It focused on everyday life situations and characters, often portraying themes of love, marriage, and family. A girl giving birth out of wedlock would be a common and relatable scenario in this genre, as it deals with the complexities of relationships and societal norms. Old Comedy, on the other hand, was known for its political satire and exaggerated humor, making it less likely to depict a realistic situation like this.

Old Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for its satirical and critical portrayal of contemporary society and politics. It often mocks social norms, institutions, and powerful individuals, aiming to expose their flaws and promote social change. Old Comedy, popularized by Greek playwright Aristophanes, uses humor and exaggeration to challenge the existing social order and present an idealized vision of a utopian society. On the other hand, New Comedy, which emerged later, focused more on romantic and domestic situations, lacking the political and social commentary characteristic of Old Comedy.

New Comedy is a genre of comedy that is known for its focus on family issues. It emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BCE and was characterized by its relatable and realistic portrayal of everyday family life. Unlike Old Comedy, which often dealt with political and societal issues, New Comedy centered around domestic conflicts, relationships, and the dynamics within a family. This genre aimed to entertain and amuse audiences by presenting humorous situations and relatable characters that reflected the joys and challenges of family life.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is a genre of comedy that typically involves children being exposed or lost and later found. This genre, which originated in ancient Greece, often features humorous situations and misunderstandings surrounding the search and reunion of children. New Comedy is known for its light-hearted and entertaining portrayal of family dynamics and the eventual resolution of the children's predicaments.

Aristophanes is the correct answer because he is the author of the play "The Acharnians". Aristophanes was a Greek playwright known for his comedic works, and "The Acharnians" is one of his most famous plays. It was first performed in 425 BCE and is a satirical comedy that criticizes the Athenian society and its involvement in the Peloponnesian War. Aristophanes' plays are known for their political and social commentary, and "The Acharnians" is no exception.

The correct answer is the Peloponnesian War. During the time of Aristophanes, the Peloponnesian War was the most significant public issue. This war was fought between Athens and Sparta, two powerful city-states in ancient Greece, and lasted for 27 years. It had a profound impact on the political, economic, and social aspects of Greek society. Aristophanes, a famous playwright and satirist, often used his plays to comment on the war and its consequences, making it a prominent topic of discussion during that time.

Aristophanes is most unlike the other three because he was a Greek playwright, while Menander, Plautus, and Terence were all Roman playwrights.

Aristophanes is the correct answer because he was a Greek playwright known for his comedic plays that often dealt with political and social issues. Many of his plays, such as "Lysistrata," argue for peace amidst war by using humor and satire to criticize the actions and motivations of those involved in the conflict.

New Comedy is the correct answer because it is known for plots that are driven by confusion or misunderstanding. This genre of comedy, which emerged in ancient Greece during the 4th century BC, often revolves around mistaken identities, miscommunications, and humorous misunderstandings among the characters. New Comedy is characterized by its focus on everyday life and relatable situations, making it a popular form of entertainment during its time.

The political climate of Aristophanic comedy is best represented by the democratic polis. Aristophanic comedy was a form of ancient Greek comedy that often satirized and criticized the political and social issues of the time. The democratic polis refers to the city-state of Athens, which had a democratic system of government during the time when Aristophanic comedy was popular. This form of comedy often mocked the political leaders and institutions of the democratic polis, highlighting the flaws and absurdities of the democratic system. Therefore, the democratic polis is the most fitting answer in relation to the political climate of Aristophanic comedy.

Open personal invective and on-stage political debates are characteristic of Old Comedy. In Old Comedy, playwrights like Aristophanes used humor and satire to criticize and mock prominent individuals and institutions in ancient Greek society. They often included exaggerated characters and situations to highlight social and political issues. This type of comedy was known for its bold and confrontational style, making it distinct from New Comedy, which focused more on everyday life and romantic situations. Satyr plays were a different genre altogether, known for their bawdy and raucous nature. Tragedy, on the other hand, dealt with serious and often tragic themes, lacking the comedic elements found in Old Comedy.

Terence appears more aphoristic compared to Plautus. This means that Terence's plays contain more concise and memorable statements or maxims that convey a deeper meaning or truth. Terence's writing style is characterized by the use of concise and witty expressions that provide insight and wisdom. This sets him apart from Plautus, who may have focused more on entertainment value or other aspects of playwriting.

Menander is the correct answer because he was a Greek playwright who specialized in writing comedies that focused on character-types. He was a student of Theophrastus, who was a renowned philosopher and student of Aristotle. Menander's plays were known for their realistic and relatable characters, and he is often considered one of the greatest playwrights of ancient Greece. His works had a significant influence on later Roman playwrights such as Plautus and Terence.

Terence came to Rome as a slave from Africa.

New Comedy is typically known for its psychological characterization. Unlike Old Comedy, which focused more on political and social satire, New Comedy delved into the complexities of human behavior and emotions. It often portrayed relatable characters with their flaws, desires, and motivations, creating a more realistic and nuanced portrayal of human psychology. This genre of comedy explored themes such as love, relationships, and personal conflicts, providing a deeper insight into the human psyche.

The correct answer is fertility rites. The comic genre has its origins in fertility rites, which were ancient rituals performed to ensure fertility and abundance in agriculture and human reproduction. These rites often involved comedic elements and exaggerated performances to invoke laughter and joy. The connection between fertility and humor can be seen in the celebration of life and the release of tension that comes with fertility rituals, making it a plausible explanation for the origins of the comic genre.

In ancient Greece, women were not allowed to participate in most forms of theatrical performances. However, one genre in which women were allowed to perform was Mime. Mime was a form of silent performance that relied on gestures, facial expressions, and body movements to convey a story or message. Unlike other forms of theater that involved speaking roles, Mime allowed women to showcase their acting skills without the need for dialogue. This genre provided them with an opportunity to express themselves and entertain audiences through physicality and non-verbal communication.

Menander is the correct answer because he is the ancient Greek playwright who wrote Dyskolos, which translates to "The Old Cantankerous" in English. Menander is known for his comedies, and Dyskolos is one of his most famous works. Aristophanes, Plautus, and Terence were also playwrights, but they did not write Dyskolos.

The genre of European literary comedy originated in Classical Greece. This is because Ancient Greek playwrights, such as Aristophanes, were known for their comedic plays that often satirized social and political issues of the time. These plays were performed in theaters and were popular among the Greek audience. The comedic elements and themes explored in these Greek plays influenced later European comedic traditions and continue to be a significant part of the literary and theatrical history of Europe.

The correct answer is "country procession". The word "comedy" is derived from the Greek word "comos", which means a festive procession or parade. In this context, "country procession" refers to a procession or parade that takes place in the countryside. This explanation aligns with the etymology of the word and its historical usage in Greek culture.

The correct answer is Dyskolos (The Old Cantankerous). This comedy by Menander features a main character who falls into a well and undergoes a transformation or renewal. This information is not explicitly stated in the question, but it is implied that the correct answer is the comedy where the main character falls in the well and returns renewed.

Aristophanes is the correct answer because he combined utopian fantasies with political conservatism in his plays. He often used satire and humor to criticize the political and social issues of his time, while also presenting idealized visions of a better society. His plays, such as "The Clouds" and "Lysistrata," mocked and challenged the political establishment and advocated for traditional values and social order. Aristophanes' works were known for their clever wordplay, imaginative settings, and witty commentary on contemporary politics, making him a unique and influential figure in ancient Greek comedy.

Aristophanes is the correct answer because he is the author of the play "Lysistrata." This ancient Greek comedy was written by Aristophanes in 411 BC and is known for its portrayal of women withholding sex as a means to end the Peloponnesian War. Aristophanes was a prolific playwright in ancient Athens, known for his satirical and comedic works that often commented on political and social issues of the time.

In a Plautine plot, confusion of the twins is a common device used to create humor and drive the storyline. This involves the mistaken identity of twins, leading to hilarious misunderstandings and chaotic situations. The confusion of the twins adds an element of surprise and unpredictability to the plot, keeping the audience engaged and entertained. It also allows for the exploration of themes such as mistaken identity, deception, and the complexities of human relationships. Overall, the confusion of the twins is a favorite device in Plautine plots due to its comedic potential and ability to create a sense of light-heartedness.

In classical Athens, theatrical performances were a significant part of religious celebrations. These performances were dedicated to various gods and goddesses, and Dionysus was one of them. Dionysus was the Greek god of wine, fertility, and theater. His worship involved ecstatic rituals and celebrations, which often included theatrical performances. Therefore, it is likely that theatrical performances in classical Athens celebrated the worship of Dionysus.

In Plautus' comedy, Miles Gloriosus, the character of a boastful soldier appears.

The correct answer is "Dramatic intrigue." This suggests that Menander's comedy was characterized by a strong element of suspense and excitement, with intricate and captivating storylines that kept the audience engaged. The use of dramatic intrigue added depth and complexity to the plays, making them more compelling and entertaining for the audience.

Plautus' dramas are distinguished from those of Menander and Terence by the elements of burlesque and the variety of meters and musical parts. Plautus' plays often contained exaggerated and comedic elements, creating a sense of parody and satire. Additionally, Plautus incorporated a wide range of meters and musical parts into his dramas, adding to the overall entertainment value of his work. These features set Plautus apart from the more serious and refined dramas of Menander and Terence.

In Old Comedy, animal chorus can appear. Old Comedy is a genre of ancient Greek comedy that was performed during the 5th century BC. It typically featured exaggerated characters, political satire, and social commentary. Animal choruses were a common element in Old Comedy plays, where actors would dress up as animals and perform songs or dances. These animal choruses often served as a form of comic relief or added to the overall absurdity of the play.

Plautus is the correct answer because he was a Roman playwright who wrote Miles Gloriosus, also known as Major Bullshot-Gorgeous or The Boastful Soldier. Plautus was known for his comedic plays and Miles Gloriosus is one of his most famous works.

Terence's characteristic technique is the intellectual guessing-game by the characters, which involves communication problems. This means that Terence's works often feature characters who engage in a form of intellectual game or puzzle, where they try to guess or figure out each other's intentions or thoughts. This creates a sense of tension and intrigue in the story as the characters struggle to understand each other's motives and actions. The use of communication problems adds depth and complexity to Terence's works, making them unique and engaging for the audience.

Menander is the correct answer because he was a highly influential Greek playwright who had a significant impact on both Aristophanes and Plautus. Menander's style of comedy, characterized by its focus on everyday life and relatable characters, greatly influenced the works of both Aristophanes and Plautus. Additionally, Menander's plays were known for their wit and clever dialogue, which also had a lasting influence on comedic writing. Therefore, it can be concluded that Menander exercised the most influence upon the other two playwrights.

In Menander's Dyskolos, a poor old grouch is presented as a character. The question asks for the Plautus' comedy that features a similar character, but in this case, the poor old grouch suddenly becomes rich. The correct answer is "The Pot of Gold."

In Terence's comedy "Adelphi (The brothers)", the bachelor uncle acts as the adoptive father.

Terence was a Roman playwright who belonged to the Scipionic Circle, a group of influential Roman intellectuals and politicians. He was known for his comedies, which were influenced by Greek New Comedy and focused on the everyday lives of ordinary people. Terence's plays were highly regarded for their wit, clever dialogue, and realistic portrayal of characters. Being part of the Scipionic Circle allowed Terence to have access to the political and cultural elite of Rome, which likely contributed to his success as a playwright.

In the comedy "Amphitryon" by Plautus, the gods act as main characters.

Plautus is the correct answer because his plots have served as inspiration for many later authors. This suggests that his works were influential and widely imitated by other writers.

The correct answer is "Adelphi (The Brothers)." This comedy by Terence also explores the theme of education, similar to Aristophanes' Clouds.