NASM Human Movement Science: Muscules And Actions Performed

The correct answer is Gastrocnemius because it is the muscle shown in the image. The Gastrocnemius is a large muscle located in the calf of the leg. It is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the knee joint. It is easily identifiable by its two heads, which give it a distinct appearance. The other options listed are different muscles that are not shown in the image.

The gluteals are a group of muscles located in the hip region. The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in this group and is responsible for hip extension. The gluteus medius, both posterior and anterior portions, are smaller muscles that assist with hip abduction and rotation. The gluteus minimus is also a smaller muscle that assists with hip abduction. Therefore, all of the options listed - gluteus maximus, gluteus medius (posterior), gluteus minimus, and gluteus medius (anterior) - are part of the gluteals.

The correct answer is Rectus Femoris. The rectus femoris is a muscle of the quadriceps complex that has the unique function of accelerating hip flexion. This means that it is primarily responsible for lifting the leg towards the torso, in addition to its role in extending the knee joint. The other muscles listed, the vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis, are all primarily involved in extending the knee joint and do not have the same isolated function of accelerating hip flexion.

The muscles that are part of the Quadriceps Complex are the Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius, and Rectus Femoris. These muscles are located in the front of the thigh and work together to extend the leg at the knee joint. The Quadriceps Complex is responsible for activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

The correct answer is (All of the above). The Gracilis, Pectineus, Tensor Fascia Latae, and Psoas muscles are all part of the hip musculature. These muscles play important roles in various movements and functions of the hip joint, such as flexion, abduction, and rotation. While the question specifically excludes the Adductors and Gluteals, it includes all the other muscles that are part of the hip musculature.

The correct answer is "Accelerates knee extension." This means that all muscles of the Quadricep Complex work together to increase the angle between the thigh and the lower leg, resulting in the straightening of the knee joint. This common function allows for movements such as kicking, jumping, and standing up from a seated position.

The gluteal muscles, including the gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus, perform the function of integrated isometrical stabilization of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex. This means that they work together to provide stability and support to the lower back, pelvis, and hip joints during movement. They help maintain proper alignment and prevent excessive movement or rotation of these areas, which can help prevent injuries and improve overall movement efficiency.

The correct answer is (All of the above). The Hamstring Complex is made up of the Vastus Lateralis, Biceps Femoris - Long Head, Biceps Femoris - Short Head, and Rectus Femoris muscles.

The correct answer is "Semitendinosus" and "Semimembranosus". The Hamstring Complex is made up of these two muscles.

The Biceps Femoris long and short heads, Semimembranosus, and Semitendinosus all have the isolated function of accelerating knee flexion. This means that they work together to help bend the knee joint, allowing for movement such as walking, running, or sitting down.

The Biceps Femoris long and short heads, Semimembranosus, and Semitendinosus are all muscles that are located in the back of the thigh. One of the common functions of these muscles is to stabilize the knee joint. Stabilizing the knee is important for maintaining proper alignment and preventing excessive movement or instability in the joint. These muscles work together to provide stability and support to the knee during activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

The correct answer is Posterior Tibialis because it is the muscle located on the posterior side of the tibia bone. It originates from the back of the shin bone and inserts into the bones of the foot. This muscle is responsible for inversion and plantar flexion of the foot, as well as supporting the arch of the foot.

The Biceps Femoris long and short heads, Semimembranosus, and Semitendinosus are all muscles that have the function of decelerating knee extension. This means that they work together to slow down the movement of straightening the knee joint, providing stability and control during this motion.

The Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus muscles have a common integrated eccentric function, which is to decelerate tibial external rotation. This means that these muscles work together to slow down or control the rotation of the tibia bone in an outward direction. By performing this action, they help to stabilize the knee joint and prevent excessive rotation that could lead to injury or instability.

The muscle that performs concentric acceleration of the hip abductions and external rotations, eccentric deceleration of hip adductions and internal rotations, and isometric stabilization of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex is the gluteus medius. This muscle is located on the side of the hip and is responsible for these movements and stabilizing the pelvis during various activities such as walking and running.

The Biceps Femoris Long Head, Semimembranosus, and Semitendinosus muscles all have the integrated function of decelerating hip flexion. This means that they help to slow down or control the movement of the hip joint when it is being flexed. On the other hand, the Biceps Femoris Short Head does not have this function, suggesting that it is not involved in decelerating hip flexion.

The gluteals, which are part of the hip musculature, are divided into four sections. These sections include the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae. Each section has its own specific functions and plays a role in hip movement and stability.

The Gluteus Minimus performs the same functions as the Gluteus Medius. Both muscles are located in the buttocks and are responsible for abduction, or moving the leg away from the midline of the body. They also assist in stabilizing the pelvis during walking or standing on one leg.

The Psoas muscle performs all of the mentioned functions. It concentrically accelerates hip flexion, external hip rotation, and rotation of the lumbar spine. It also concentrically extends the lumbar spine.

The Gracilis muscle performs all of the functions mentioned in the options. It concentrically accelerates hip adduction, hip flexion, hip internal rotation, and also assists in tibial internal rotation.

The Biceps Femoris Long Head and Short Head both have the integrated eccentric function of decelerating tibial internal rotation. This means that they work together to slow down the inward rotation of the tibia bone during movement. This is an important function as it helps to stabilize the knee joint and prevent excessive rotation that could lead to injury.

The correct answer is "Isometrically stabilize the arch of the foot." This means that the muscle shown in the question is responsible for maintaining the stability of the arch of the foot without any movement. It does not decelerate plantarflexion or inversion of the foot, and it does not stabilize the foot and ankle complex.

The Biceps Femoris Long Head, Semimembranosus, and Semitendinosus muscles all have the common function of stabilizing the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex. This means that these muscles work together to provide stability and support to the lower back, pelvis, and hip joints. They help maintain proper alignment and prevent excessive movement or instability in this area during various movements and activities.

The correct answer is Soleus. The muscle shown in the image is the soleus muscle. It is located in the lower leg and is one of the muscles that make up the calf. The soleus muscle works together with the gastrocnemius muscle to help flex the foot and provide power for movements such as walking, running, and jumping.

The concentric function of the muscle shown above is to accelerate plantarflexion and inversion of the foot. This means that when the muscle contracts, it helps to point the foot downwards (plantarflexion) and turn the sole of the foot inward (inversion).

The Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL) performs the isolated functions of concentrically accelerating hip flexion, hip internal rotation, and hip abduction.

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The Gluteus Maximus is responsible for concentrically accelerating hip extension and external rotation, meaning it helps to move the hip joint backward and rotate it outward. It also eccentrically decelerates hip flexion and internal rotation, meaning it helps to slow down the movement of the hip joint as it bends forward and rotates inward. Additionally, the Gluteus Maximus plays a role in decelerating tibial internal rotation by using the iliotibial band to prevent excessive inward rotation of the shin bone.

The Pectineus muscle is responsible for concentric acceleration of hip abductions, hip flexion, and hip internal rotation. This means that it helps in moving the hip joint away from the midline of the body, bending the hip joint forward, and rotating the hip joint inward. Therefore, the correct answer is "Concentric acceleration of hip abductions, Concentric acceleration of hip flexion, Concentric acceleration of hip internal rotation."

The Adductor muscle, part of the hip musculature, is divided into various parts. The applicable parts include the Anterior Fibers and Posterior Fibers of the Adductor Magnus, as well as the Adductor Longus. The Adductor Brevis is not included in the applicable parts.

The muscle shown in the question is responsible for eccentrically decelerating eversion and plantarflexion, as well as isometrically stabilizing the arch of the foot. This means that the muscle helps to control the movement of the foot during these actions, preventing them from occurring too quickly or forcefully. Additionally, the muscle provides stability to the arch of the foot, helping to maintain its shape and support the body's weight during activities. Therefore, all of the given options are correct.

The Biceps Femoris-Long Head and Biceps Femoris-Short Head muscles have different functions. The Biceps Femoris-Long Head is responsible for concentric hip extension, which means it helps in extending the hip joint. On the other hand, both the Biceps Femoris-Long Head and Biceps Femoris-Short Head muscles work together to isometrically stabilize the Lumbo-Pelvic hip complex and knee, providing stability to these areas during movement. Therefore, the unique functions of the Biceps Femoris-Long Head compared to the Biceps Femoris-Short Head are concentric hip extension and isometric stabilization of the Lumbo-Pelvic hip complex and knee.

The muscle shown above is involved in eccentrically decelerating three different movements of the foot: inversion, dorsiflexion, and eversion. Eccentric contraction occurs when a muscle lengthens while under tension, acting as a brake to slow down a movement. In this case, the muscle is working to slow down the movements of inversion (turning the foot inward), dorsiflexion (bringing the foot upward), and eversion (turning the foot outward). This muscle also isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex, meaning it contracts to maintain stability and prevent excessive movement in the joint.

The muscles of the Quadricep Complex have integrated functions in common. Eccentrical function involves decelerating knee flexion, adduction, and internal rotation, while isometrical function involves stabilization of the knee. This means that the muscles work together to control and slow down the movement of the knee during flexion, adduction, and internal rotation, and also provide stability to the knee joint.