Narcotics Quiz

Explanation
The pain of skeletal muscle, ligaments, and joints is classified as somatic pain. Somatic pain is the type of pain that originates from the skin, muscles, bones, or connective tissues. It is usually described as a sharp, localized, and well-defined pain. This type of pain is different from superficial pain, which is limited to the surface of the body, and visceral pain, which originates from the internal organs. Therefore, the correct answer is somatic.

Explanation
Visceral pain refers to the pain that originates from the internal organs and smooth muscles. It is different from somatic pain, which arises from the skin, muscles, and joints. Superficial pain, on the other hand, is pain that is localized to the surface of the body. Therefore, the correct answer in this case is "visceral" because it accurately describes the type of pain that originates from smooth muscle and organs.

Explanation
Acute pain is typically treated with non-opioid medications. Non-opioid medications include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen, as well as acetaminophen. These medications work by reducing inflammation and blocking pain signals in the body. Non-opioid medications are often the first line of treatment for acute pain because they carry a lower risk of addiction and other side effects compared to opioids. However, in some cases, a combination of opioid and non-opioid medications may be prescribed for more severe pain.

Explanation
Visceral pain refers to pain that originates from the internal organs. Opioids are commonly used to treat visceral pain because they can effectively target and relieve pain in these areas. Opioids work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, reducing the transmission of pain signals. Non-opioid medications may also be used to manage visceral pain, but opioids are often the preferred choice due to their strong analgesic properties. Combination therapy with opioids and non-opioids may be considered in some cases to achieve better pain control.

Explanation
Naproxen is a non opioid analgesic because it belongs to the class of drugs known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It works by reducing inflammation and pain in the body. Unlike opioids such as morphine sulfate and codeine, naproxen does not bind to opioid receptors in the brain and does not have the potential for dependence or addiction.

Explanation
Non opioid analgesics are effective for dull, throbbing pain of headaches, dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain), inflammation, minor abrasions, muscular aches and pains, and mild to moderate arthritis.

Explanation
The suggested safe dose of acetaminophen is 2000mg/day (2g/day), and one should not exceed how many grams per day. Since the answer is 4, it means that one should not exceed 4 grams of acetaminophen per day.

Explanation
Acetaminophen is known to cause liver toxicity, and one of the early symptoms of hepatic damage is abdominal pain. This pain can be caused by inflammation and damage to the liver cells. Therefore, abdominal pain is a logical and expected symptom of liver damage caused by acetaminophen.

Explanation
Opioid analgesics are known to cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up. They can also lead to decreased blood pressure in general. Additionally, nausea is a common side effect of opioid analgesics.

Explanation
Opioids are contraindicated for those with head injury, during an asthma attack, and intracranial pressure. This means that opioids should not be used in individuals who have any of these conditions. Opioids can worsen head injuries by decreasing the level of consciousness and masking symptoms of worsening brain injury. They can also cause respiratory depression, which can be dangerous during an asthma attack. Additionally, opioids can increase intracranial pressure, which can be harmful in individuals who already have elevated pressure in the skull. Therefore, all of the above conditions are contraindications for the use of opioids.