Boiler Exam Practice Quiz

The unit that controls the starting and stopping of the burner by sensing the temperature of the water in a hot water boiler is called an aqua stat.

When a safety valve opens and closes rapidly, it is referred to as "chattering." This term is used to describe the rapid and repeated movement of the valve, which can occur when there is a fluctuation in pressure or when the valve is not functioning properly. Chattering can be a sign of a malfunctioning valve and can potentially lead to damage or failure if not addressed.

Excess air is used to ensure that all of the fuel is properly burned in a boiler and attain better efficiency in heat release. When excess air is present, it provides extra oxygen for the combustion process, allowing for more complete fuel oxidation. This helps to prevent the formation of unburned fuel and reduces the production of harmful emissions. By optimizing the air-fuel ratio, excess air promotes efficient combustion and improves the overall efficiency of the boiler.

The evaporative capacity output of a steam boiler is typically measured in pounds per hour. This refers to the amount of water that the boiler can convert into steam in one hour. This measurement is important for determining the efficiency and performance of the boiler, as well as for calculating the amount of steam that can be generated for various applications.

A safety valve is sealed to prevent tampering with pressure and capacity. By sealing the safety valve, it ensures that no one can adjust or manipulate the pressure or capacity settings, which could potentially lead to dangerous situations or damage to the valve. This helps to maintain the integrity and reliability of the safety valve, ensuring that it functions properly in case of an emergency.

In a fire tube boiler, the water surrounds the tubes. This means that the water is located on the outside of the tubes while the hot gases produced by the combustion process flow inside the tubes. The heat from the gases is transferred to the water through the tube walls, resulting in the generation of steam. This design allows for efficient heat transfer and is commonly used in smaller, low-pressure boilers.

The formula used to determine the efficiency of the boiler based on heat absorption is to divide the output by the input. This calculation allows us to compare the amount of useful heat energy produced by the boiler (output) to the amount of fuel or energy inputted into the boiler. By dividing the output by the input, we can determine how efficiently the boiler is converting the input energy into useful heat energy.

The capacity of a safety valve used on a steam boiler is measured in pounds of steam that can be discharged in one hour. This means that the safety valve is designed to release a certain amount of steam within a specific time frame to prevent pressure build-up in the boiler. This measurement is important for ensuring that the safety valve can handle the maximum steam flow rate and prevent any potential accidents or damage to the boiler.

A dry lay up is recommended for boilers that will be out of service for a long time and there is a possibility of freezing. This involves blanking off the flanges and gagging the safety valve to prevent any water from entering the boiler and causing damage due to freezing. This method helps to protect the boiler from corrosion and other issues that can occur when it is not in use for an extended period of time.

Combustion refers to the rapid burning of fuel and oxygen that leads to the release of heat.

The efficiency formula is typically calculated by dividing the output by the input. This ratio helps measure how effectively resources are utilized to produce a desired outcome. By dividing the output by the input, we can determine how efficiently the input is being converted into the desired output.

The correct answer is b) one boiler horsepower. The evaporation of 34.5 pounds of water per hour at a temperature of 212°F is defined as one boiler horsepower. This is a measurement used in the context of boilers and refers to the amount of steam that a boiler can produce in a given time period.

In order for a fuel to burn, it must reach its ignition temperature. This is the minimum temperature at which the fuel can sustain combustion. Once the fuel reaches this temperature, it reacts with oxygen in the air and undergoes a chemical reaction called combustion, releasing heat and light. Therefore, heating the fuel to its ignition temperature is necessary for it to burn.

Sodium sulfite is used as an oxygen scavenger. Oxygen scavengers are substances that react with and remove oxygen from a system, preventing oxidation and corrosion. Sodium sulfite is commonly used in water treatment systems and in the food industry to remove dissolved oxygen from water or food products. It works by undergoing a chemical reaction with oxygen, converting it into harmless compounds. Sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrite are not typically used as oxygen scavengers.

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When a safety valve pops open when the pressure exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure and stays open until a sufficient amount of steam is released, it is referred to as blow down. Blow back refers to the drop in pressure inside the boiler after the safety valve has opened. Therefore, the correct answer is C, blow down blow back.

A globe valve is installed when it is desirable to control the rate at which water flows. Unlike other valves, a globe valve has a disc that moves up and down to regulate the flow of water. This design allows for precise control of the flow rate, making it ideal for applications where flow control is important. The other options, such as stop and check valve, safety valve, and gate valve, may have different purposes or characteristics that make them unsuitable for controlling flow rate in the same way as a globe valve.

The term used when a safety valve opens open when the pressure exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure and stays open until a sufficient amount of steam is released and when there is a definite drop in pressure inside the boiler is "blow down blow back".

The correct answer is b because when a hydrostatic test of a boiler exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure, it is important to ensure that the safety valve remains closed to prevent any potential leaks or failures. By using a testing clamp or gag, the valve disc can be securely held to its seat, providing a reliable seal during the test. This helps to maintain the safety and integrity of the boiler system.

A ba tee or lever handle valve is permitted to shut off a steam gauge because it provides a quick and easy way to turn off the flow of steam. This type of valve has a lever handle that can be easily operated to open or close the valve, allowing for efficient control of the steam flow. Additionally, the ba tee design of the valve ensures a tight seal when closed, preventing any steam from escaping and shutting off the gauge effectively.

A globe valve is installed when it is desirable to control the rate at which water flows. This type of valve has a disk or plug that moves up and down to regulate the flow of water. It is commonly used in applications where precise control of flow rate is required, such as in water distribution systems or industrial processes. The other options listed, including stop and check valve, safety valve, and gate valve, are not specifically designed for flow rate control.

A tee or lever handle valve is the type of valve that is permitted to shut off a steam gauge. This type of valve allows for easy and quick shut-off of the steam flow, making it convenient to isolate the steam gauge when needed. The gate valve is not specifically designed for shutting off steam gauges, and the globe valve may not provide the same level of ease and efficiency in shutting off the steam flow. Therefore, a tee or lever handle valve is the most suitable option for this purpose.

The correct answer is b) purging. Purging is the process of removing any accumulated gas or air from the burner before ignition. This ensures that the burner starts with a clean and safe environment, preventing any potential hazards. Once purging is complete, the ignition process can begin. The other options listed, such as ignition, making up the gas switch, and startup on low fire, are steps that occur after purging in the sequence of automatic burner controls.

When the pressure in a steam boiler exceeds 100 psi, it is necessary to have two bottom blowdown valves. These valves are used to remove sediments and impurities that accumulate at the bottom of the boiler. Having two valves ensures that the blowdown process can be carried out safely and effectively. By opening both valves, a larger volume of water can be discharged, allowing for better cleaning of the boiler. This is especially important at higher pressures, as the accumulation of sediments can lead to decreased efficiency and potential damage to the boiler system.

Primary air refers to the air that is mixed with the fuel at or in the burner. This air is essential for the combustion process as it provides the necessary oxygen for the fuel to burn. It is called primary air because it is the first air to come into contact with the fuel and plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency and effectiveness of the combustion process.

A pigtail or siphon is required in steam pressure gauge lines to protect the gauge from high temperatures. Steam can reach very high temperatures, and without a pigtail or siphon, the direct contact with the steam could damage the gauge or give inaccurate readings. The pigtail or siphon acts as a barrier, allowing the steam to cool before reaching the gauge, thus preventing any damage or inaccuracies caused by high temperatures.

The correct answer is c) 3. This suggests that there are three different types of boilers. However, without further information, it is not possible to determine what these three types are.

A high limit control is designed to act as a safety backup in case the pressure control fails. It is responsible for shutting off the system if the pressure exceeds a predetermined limit, preventing any potential damage or hazards. This control ensures that the pressure does not reach dangerous levels and provides an additional layer of protection for the system.

A slow opening valve typically requires more turns to fully open compared to a regular valve. In this case, the valve requires 5 complete 360 degree turns to open. This suggests that the valve is designed to open gradually and control the flow of liquid or gas more precisely.

Safety valves on a low pressure boiler should be tested monthly. This regular testing ensures that the valves are functioning properly and can release excess pressure when needed. Monthly testing allows for any potential issues or malfunctions to be identified and addressed promptly, minimizing the risk of accidents or damage to the boiler. It is important to maintain the safety of the boiler system by conducting these tests regularly.

Safety valves on a low pressure boiler should be tested monthly. This is to ensure that the valves are functioning properly and can relieve excess pressure in the boiler. Regular testing helps to prevent any potential safety hazards and ensures the boiler operates efficiently. Daily testing would be excessive and not necessary for a low pressure boiler, while annual or weekly testing may not be frequent enough to catch any potential issues in a timely manner.

In some heating systems, the circulation pump is controlled by the thermostat. The thermostat is responsible for monitoring the temperature in the system and turning the pump on or off based on the desired temperature set by the user. When the temperature falls below the set point, the thermostat signals the pump to start circulating hot water to heat the space. Once the desired temperature is reached, the thermostat signals the pump to stop circulating water. Therefore, the thermostat plays a crucial role in controlling the operation of the circulation pump in heating systems.

A manometer is a device used to measure the pressure of a fluid, gas, or vapor. It typically consists of a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid, such as mercury or water, and one end of the tube is connected to the system being measured. The difference in liquid levels in the two arms of the tube indicates the pressure difference between the system and the surrounding atmosphere. In this case, a manometer is being referred to as a draft gauge, which is used to measure the pressure difference in a chimney or flue to ensure proper ventilation and combustion in a heating system.

The answer "thirty four and one half pounds" is the correct answer because it accurately represents the amount of water in pounds that will be in a boiler horsepower. This answer is derived from the given information that the boiler horsepower is 34 gals (gallons) and it is known that one gallon of water weighs approximately 8.33 pounds. Therefore, multiplying 34 gals by 8.33 pounds/gal gives us 283.22 pounds, which can be rounded to "thirty four and one half pounds".

The low water cut out should be tested daily to ensure its proper functioning. This is important because the low water cut out is designed to prevent damage to the system by shutting off the power when the water level in the system drops below a certain point. By testing it daily, any issues or malfunctions can be identified and addressed promptly, reducing the risk of damage or failure in the system.

The low water fuel cut off should be tested daily to ensure its proper functioning. Regular testing helps to identify any potential issues or malfunctions in the cut off system, which is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of the fuel system. By testing it daily, any problems can be detected early on and necessary maintenance or repairs can be carried out promptly, reducing the risk of accidents or breakdowns.

The correct answer is b) lowest point of the waterside of a steam boiler. The bottom blowdown line on a steam boiler system is typically located at the lowest point of the waterside of the boiler. This is because blowdown is used to remove impurities and sediment that accumulate at the bottom of the boiler. By locating the blowdown line at the lowest point, it ensures that these impurities can be effectively drained out of the system, maintaining the efficiency and performance of the boiler.

To determine the maximum allowable working pressure on a boiler, one should look at the setting of the safety valve or safety relief valve. These valves are designed to release excess pressure and prevent the boiler from exceeding its maximum pressure limit. By checking the setting of these valves, one can determine the maximum pressure at which the boiler can safely operate without risking damage or failure.

The correct answer includes the devices that are commonly found in a hot water boiler heating system. These devices are essential for maintaining the safety and efficiency of the system. The safety relief valve is used to release excess pressure, preventing any potential hazards. The temperature pressure gauge helps monitor the temperature and pressure levels within the system. The aqua stat is a device that controls the temperature of the water in the boiler. Lastly, the expansion or compression tank is used to accommodate the expansion of water as it heats up.

The correct answer is 6000 hours because when taking a 1st class A or B operating engineer's exam, a candidate must have a minimum of 6000 hours of experience. This experience requirement ensures that the candidate has sufficient practical knowledge and skills in operating engineering to qualify for the exam.

Oxygen in boiler water can cause corrosion. Corrosion is the process of deterioration of a material due to chemical reactions with its environment. In the case of a boiler, the presence of oxygen can lead to the formation of rust and other corrosive compounds, which can damage the boiler and its components over time. This can result in leaks, reduced efficiency, and ultimately, the need for costly repairs or replacements. Therefore, the correct answer is c corrosion.

The correct answer is A. A pressure control attached to the steam space of a boiler controls the burner operation by starting the burner when the pressure decreases and stopping it when the pressure increases. This ensures that the burner operates when the pressure drops below a certain level and stops when the pressure rises above another set level. This control mechanism helps maintain the desired pressure range in the boiler.

The correct answer is 10000 hours. This suggests that in order to take a Chief A or B engineer exam, one must have accumulated 10000 hours of experience. This indicates that a significant amount of practical experience is required to be eligible for the exam, ensuring that candidates have a thorough understanding and expertise in the field.

When two bottom blow down valves are used on a steam boiler, the valve located closest to the boiler shell is the quick opening valve. This valve is designed to open quickly and fully, allowing for a rapid release of pressure and discharge of water and sediments from the boiler. It is important to have a quick opening valve in this location to ensure efficient and effective blow down operations.

If a condensate pump becomes steam bound and stops delivering water, increasing the head pressure can help correct the problem. Increasing the head pressure will create a higher pressure difference between the pump's suction and discharge, which can help overcome the steam blockage and allow the pump to resume delivering water.

A wider angle nozzle can help in reducing the deposit of carbon on the rear wall of the combustion chamber. By increasing the angle of the nozzle, the fuel spray pattern can be altered, allowing for better mixing of fuel and air. This improved mixing can result in a more complete combustion, reducing the formation of carbon deposits. Therefore, trying a wider angle nozzle is a good procedure to address this issue.

The purpose of the duplex strainer located on the suction line before the fuel oil pump is to ensure that the boiler can be run while the strainer is being cleaned. This means that even when the strainer is being cleaned, the fuel oil can still flow through the system and the boiler can continue to operate without interruption. This is important to maintain a continuous supply of fuel to the boiler and prevent any downtime or disruption in the heating process.

A pressure control typically has two scales, one for cut-in pressure and the other for differential pressure. Cut-in pressure refers to the pressure at which the control turns on, while differential pressure refers to the difference between the cut-in pressure and the cut-out pressure. Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it correctly identifies the two scales of a pressure control.

A 20 horsepower high pressure boiler needs to be checked every 24 hours. This is a standard requirement for ensuring the proper functioning and safety of the boiler. Regular checks help to identify any potential issues or malfunctions and allow for timely maintenance or repairs. It is important to adhere to this schedule to prevent any accidents or damage that may occur due to neglect or lack of maintenance.

The maximum pressure carried on a low-pressure hot water boiler is 160 psi. This means that the boiler can handle a pressure of up to 160 pounds per square inch. This high pressure is necessary to ensure efficient heating and distribution of hot water throughout the system. It is important to maintain the pressure within the specified range to prevent any damage or malfunctioning of the boiler.

The correct answer is A) 160 psi. The popping pressure of a safety relief valve on a low pressure hot water heating boiler cannot exceed 160 psi. This is because exceeding this pressure could lead to a dangerous situation, such as a rupture or explosion of the boiler. It is important to have a safety relief valve to prevent the pressure from exceeding the maximum limit and ensure the safe operation of the boiler.

To be in charge of a boiler plant with two boilers, each having 2500 sq ft of heating surface, a 1st class boiler license is required. A 1st class boiler license indicates that the person has the knowledge and expertise to operate and maintain boilers of various sizes and complexities. It demonstrates a higher level of skill and understanding compared to a 2nd class or special engineer license. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Oxygen in the boiler water can cause corrosion because it reacts with the metal surfaces, leading to the formation of rust. Sodium sulfite can prevent this from happening as it is a chemical that acts as an oxygen scavenger. It reacts with the dissolved oxygen in the water, removing it and preventing it from causing corrosion. Sodium sulfate and sodium nitrate do not have the same oxygen scavenging properties as sodium sulfite, so they would not be as effective in preventing corrosion in the boiler water.

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The correct answer is b) pressure control. In a steam boiler system, the pressure control unit is responsible for turning the burner on and off based on the steam pressure. It ensures that the pressure within the boiler stays within the desired range by regulating the burner operation. This helps to maintain the safety and efficiency of the boiler system.

When applying a hydrostatic test on a boiler, the water temperatures should be at 70°F.

There are three different types of low water fuel cut off in general use.

Absolute pressure is the total pressure exerted by a fluid, including both the atmospheric pressure and any additional pressure. In this case, the given gauge pressure is added to the standard atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi to determine the absolute pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is C, absolute pressure.

When adding water to a hot water heating system, if the pointer on the pressure gauge rises quickly, it is an indication of a waterlogged expansion tank. This means that the tank, which is designed to accommodate the expansion of water as it heats up, has become filled with water instead of having the necessary air cushion. This can lead to increased pressure in the system and potential damage to the components.

In a hot water boiler system, a pressure reducing valve is installed to reduce the incoming city water pressure to the hot water boiler operating pressure. This valve is necessary to prevent damage to the boiler and maintain a safe and efficient operation. It helps regulate the pressure and ensures that it remains within the desired range, preventing any potential overpressure situations. By reducing the pressure, the valve helps prolong the lifespan of the boiler and other components of the system.

The correct answer is 1st. In order to be in charge of a boiler plant with two boilers, each having 2500 sq ft of heating surface, a boiler operator would need a First Class Boiler Operator license. This license demonstrates that the operator has the knowledge and skills necessary to safely and effectively operate and maintain boilers of this size and complexity.

Priming is the term used when small particles of water are carried over into the steam lines. This can occur due to high water level in the boiler, excessive steam velocity, or improper boiler design. Priming can lead to reduced efficiency, damage to equipment, and water contamination in the steam system.

The correct answer is 2000 hours. This suggests that when applying to take a 2nd class A or B exam, an individual is required to have at least 2000 hours of experience. This experience could be in a relevant field or industry, and it is a prerequisite for being eligible to take the exam.

The total weight of the boiler and water can be calculated by adding the weight of the empty boiler to the weight of the water. The empty boiler weighs 1000 pounds and filling it with water requires 500 gallons. Since 1 gallon of water weighs approximately 8.34 pounds, the weight of the water is 500 * 8.34 = 4170 pounds. Adding the weight of the empty boiler to the weight of the water gives us a total weight of 1000 + 4170 = 5170 pounds. Therefore, the correct answer is B5165.

A globe valve is used when steam flows in under the seat up and out the outlet. Globe valves are designed to regulate or throttle the flow of fluid, including steam, in a pipeline. They have a movable disc or plug that can be raised or lowered to control the flow. In this case, the steam flows in under the seat and out the outlet, indicating a need for regulation or control of the flow, which is best achieved with a globe valve.

An air control is responsible for removing air from a hot water boiler system. Air can enter the system during installation or through leaks, and it can cause problems such as reduced efficiency and noisy operation. The air control is designed to automatically release trapped air from the system, ensuring proper circulation of hot water and preventing air-related issues.

A hot water supply boiler is a type of boiler that is specifically designed to provide hot water to be used externally to itself. Unlike other types of boilers, such as a water to water heat exchanger or a cast iron boiler, a hot water supply boiler is specifically dedicated to supplying hot water for various purposes outside of the boiler itself. It is designed to efficiently heat and store water, ensuring a continuous supply of hot water for external use.

The correct answer is "2nd." The explanation for this is not available.

The maximum size safety valve that may be installed on a low pressure boiler is 4 ½ inches.

The minimum size pipe that is used to connect the water column to the boiler is 1 inch.

Each boiler in a battery, which are piped together and share the same common header, must have a main steam stop. This is necessary in order to control the flow of steam and shut off the supply when needed. The main steam stop valve is an essential safety feature that allows for maintenance, repairs, and emergencies. It helps in preventing accidents and ensuring the safe operation of the boilers. Having a main steam stop valve also allows for better control and regulation of the steam supply to each boiler in the system.

A 2nd class boiler license is required for operating boilers as a shift engineer in a plant with three boilers. The heating surfaces of the boilers are given as 1500 sq ft, 1500 sq ft, and 2000 sq ft respectively.

The correct answer is 67000 b. This is because one boiler horsepower is equal to 33478 BTU, so to find out how many BTUs are in one boiler horsepower, we multiply 33478 by 2 to get 66956 BTUs. Since 67000 is the closest option to 66956, it is the correct answer.

When looking at the gauge glass on a steam boiler, if everything is normal, the water level will be bobbing up and down. This indicates that the water in the boiler is boiling and producing steam. The fluctuation in the water level is caused by the boiling action, as the steam bubbles rise to the surface and then condense back into water. This movement is a normal behavior in a functioning steam boiler.

Carbon is the element in fuel that is needed for combustion. Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when fuel combines with oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. Carbon is a key component of most fuels, such as gasoline, coal, and wood. During combustion, carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and release energy. Without carbon, the fuel would not be able to undergo combustion and release the energy stored within it.

Stop valves can be eliminated for a single hot water heating boiler when the boiler is located above the system. This is because the natural flow of hot water will allow the boiler to fill and circulate without the need for stop valves.

The correct answer is B) second. A shift engineer operating boilers in a plant with three boilers, each having 1660 sq ft of heating surface, would require a second-class boiler license. This license indicates that the engineer has the necessary knowledge and experience to operate boilers of this size and complexity.

The minimum size bottom blowdown line used on a mini or miniature boiler is ½ inch. This size is sufficient to allow for the proper removal of sediment and impurities from the boiler. A smaller size may not provide adequate flow and could lead to clogging or ineffective blowdown. A larger size may result in excessive blowdown and waste of water and energy. Therefore, a ½ inch bottom blowdown line is the appropriate choice for a mini or miniature boiler.

The minimum size drain required on a water column is ¾ inch. This means that in order for the drain to effectively remove water from the column, it needs to have a diameter of at least ¾ inch.

One year of experience is typically considered to be equivalent to 12 months. This is because experience is often measured in terms of the amount of time an individual has spent in a particular role or field. Therefore, one year of experience would mean that the person has worked or gained knowledge in that area for a continuous period of 12 months.

The correct answer is 970.4 btu's. This is because the latent heat required to evaporate 1 lb of water at 212°F is 970.4 btu's.

A water column is a unit used on a steam boiler to reduce the movement of water, allowing the boiler operator to obtain an accurate reading of the water level in the gauge glass. It helps to stabilize the water level and prevent fluctuations caused by the movement of the water. This ensures that the operator can make informed decisions and maintain the boiler's efficiency and safety.

The correct answer is 2 hr. A high-pressure boiler, such as a 40 horsepower boiler, requires regular checks to ensure its safe and efficient operation. These checks typically include monitoring the pressure, temperature, and water level, as well as inspecting the valves, fittings, and safety devices. Checking the boiler every 2 hours allows for timely identification of any issues or abnormalities, reducing the risk of accidents and maintaining optimal performance.

The correct answer is "1st". In order to operate a boiler as a shift engineer in a plant with three boilers, each having 1660 sq ft of heating surface, a 1st class boiler license is required. This implies that the operator has the necessary knowledge and skills to safely and effectively manage and maintain the boilers in the plant.

Yes, you can continue the boiler in operation even if the gauge glass is cloudy and you cannot see the water level by using the try cocks, specifically the top try cock steam. The try cocks are small valves located on the boiler that allow the operator to manually check the water level. By opening the top try cock steam, steam will be released indicating that there is sufficient water in the boiler. This ensures that the boiler can be safely operated even without a clear view of the water level through the gauge glass.

Evaporation is the best way to test a low water fuel cut off because it involves the natural process of liquid turning into vapor. By allowing the water in the fuel cut off to evaporate, it can be determined if the cut off is functioning properly. If the water does not evaporate, it indicates that the cut off is working effectively and preventing the fuel from flowing when the water level is low.

The latent heat of evaporation refers to the amount of heat required to convert a substance from a liquid to a gas at a constant temperature. In this case, the correct answer is 212 btu/s, which means that 212 British Thermal Units (btu) of heat energy are required per second for the process of evaporation.

When a burner motor starts up purging begins, it means that the process of removing any impurities or contaminants from the air is initiated. This ensures that the air being used for combustion is clean and free from any particles that could potentially interfere with the burner's operation or cause pollution. Purging helps to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the burner system by providing a clean air supply for combustion.

The modulating valve is located closest to the boiler shell when two bottom blow down valves are used on a steam boiler. This valve allows for precise control of the blow down process by adjusting the flow rate of the steam and water mixture. It provides a gradual opening and closing mechanism, allowing for a more controlled and efficient blow down operation compared to quick opening or slow opening valves.

A fire side boiler refers to a type of boiler where the water surrounds the tubes. In this configuration, the tubes containing hot gases from the combustion process are immersed in the water, allowing for efficient heat transfer. This design maximizes the heating surface area and ensures that the water is in direct contact with the heat source, resulting in efficient and effective heating.

The correct answer suggests that in order to test the low water cutoff, it is important to ensure that the burner is turned on before conducting the test. This is crucial because the low water cutoff is a safety device that shuts off the burner if the water level in the boiler drops below a certain point. Therefore, if the burner is not on during the test, the low water cutoff will not be able to function properly and accurately determine if the water level is low.

The term "fire point" refers to the temperature at which a fuel or oil will release enough vapors to sustain combustion. In other words, it is the temperature at which the oil will ignite and continue to burn without the need for an external ignition source. Once the fire point is reached, the oil will sustain a flame and continue to burn until the fuel source is depleted or extinguished.

The correct answer suggests that to test the flame scanner, one should put their hand over the scanner. This implies that the flame scanner is designed to detect the presence of flames, and by putting a hand over it, one can check if it accurately detects the flame. This action simulates the presence of a flame and allows for a simple and practical test of the scanner's functionality.

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The different ways a low water fuel cut out can be tested include a quick test, slow open drain test, and an evaporation test. The quick test involves checking the cut out's operation by quickly draining water from the system. The slow open drain test involves gradually draining water from the system to observe the cut out's response. The evaporation test involves allowing the system to run without adding water to check if the cut out activates when the water level drops below the specified limit. These tests help ensure the proper functioning of the low water fuel cut out.

Flash point refers to the lowest temperature at which the vapors of a substance, in this case, oil, can ignite when exposed to an open flame. When oil is burned, it releases vapors that can ignite and produce a flash and burn. The flash point is important as it indicates the potential fire hazard of the oil and helps determine its safe handling and storage procedures.

Viscosity refers to the resistance of a fluid to flow. It is a measure of how easily a fluid can flow or how thick or sticky it is. The higher the viscosity, the more resistant the fluid is to flow. This resistance is due to the internal friction between the different layers of the fluid as they move past each other. Therefore, the correct answer "resistance to flow" accurately describes the concept of viscosity.

The low water fuel cut off is responsible for shutting down the boiler when the water level is low. This is a crucial safety measure to prevent damage to the boiler and potential hazards that may arise from operating it without sufficient water. By shutting down the boiler in low water conditions, the low water fuel cut off helps to maintain the integrity and efficiency of the boiler system.

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In a steam plant, it is crucial to check the water level and steam pressure as the first two things. Monitoring the water level is essential to ensure that there is enough water to generate steam and prevent any damage or accidents due to low water levels. On the other hand, checking the steam pressure is important to maintain the optimal operating conditions and ensure efficient steam distribution throughout the plant. Both parameters are critical for the safe and effective operation of a steam plant.

In a hot water boiler plant, the water pressure and water temperature are two crucial factors to check for. The water pressure ensures that the system is functioning properly and that there is enough pressure to circulate the hot water efficiently. On the other hand, monitoring the water temperature is essential to ensure that it is within the desired range for optimal performance and to prevent any potential overheating or damage to the system. Therefore, checking both water pressure and water temperature is important for the smooth operation of a hot water boiler plant.

Before a pilot is lit on an automatic fired boiler, it is necessary to have four complete air changes. This means that the air within the boiler must be exchanged with fresh air four times to ensure proper combustion. This is important for the safety and efficiency of the boiler, as it helps to prevent the accumulation of harmful gases and ensures that the fuel is burned effectively. Without these air changes, the pilot may not ignite properly, leading to potential issues with the boiler's operation.

The explanation for the given answer is that when using the try cocks, one should start at the bottom and crack open the water pen. After that, they should work their way up and crack it open as well. This suggests that the try cocks are being used to release water or pressure from a system, and the process should be done in a specific order to ensure proper functioning.

Before testing a low water cut off, the boiler needs to be turned on and you should know where the manual reset is located. This is important because the low water cut off is a safety device that shuts off the boiler if the water level drops too low, preventing damage to the boiler. By turning on the boiler and knowing the location of the manual reset, you can properly test the low water cut off and ensure that it is functioning correctly.

The three words "when, what, who" help keep you focused when filling out a log book. These words prompt you to consider the specific time, activity, and individuals involved in the entries you are making. By thinking about when an event occurred, what task or action was performed, and who was involved, you can provide accurate and detailed information in the log book. This helps ensure that the log book serves its purpose of recording important information in a clear and organized manner.

Sensible heat refers to the heat energy that can be measured using a thermometer and can also be felt by our senses. It is the heat energy that causes a change in temperature of a substance without any phase change occurring. This means that sensible heat can be detected and quantified using a thermometer, and it can also be experienced or sensed by our skin or other sensory receptors.

The definition of one BTU is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree Fahrenheit.

Primary air refers to the air that is supplied to a combustion system to support the burning of fuel. It plays a crucial role in determining the rate of combustion, as it provides the necessary oxygen for the fuel to burn efficiently. The amount of primary air supplied also affects the amount of fuel that can be burned in a given time, such as 1 hour. Therefore, the primary air determines both the rate of combustion and the maximum amount of fuel that can be burned within a specific time frame.

Excess air refers to the amount of air that is supplied to a combustion process above the stoichiometric requirement for complete combustion. In the given context, "burn all fuel" implies that natural gas is being burned completely, meaning that all the fuel is being consumed during the combustion process. However, natural gas combustion typically requires 12% excess air, meaning that 12% more air than the stoichiometric requirement is supplied to ensure complete combustion and prevent the formation of harmful byproducts.

The different types of draft are natural, forced, and induced. Natural draft occurs when there is a temperature difference between the inside and outside of a space, causing air to flow naturally. Forced draft, on the other hand, involves the use of mechanical devices such as fans to create airflow. Lastly, induced draft occurs when a mechanical device, such as a fan or a pump, is used to remove air or gases from a space. These three types of draft are distinct in their causes and mechanisms of airflow.

The question asks for different types of air, and the given answer lists three types: primary air, secondary air, and excess air. Primary air refers to the initial air supply in a combustion process, while secondary air is the additional air introduced to aid in complete combustion. Excess air is the surplus amount of air supplied beyond what is theoretically required for combustion. These three types of air play different roles in combustion processes and are important factors in achieving efficient and clean burning.

The correct answer lists three different types of fuel cut offs: probe type, float type, and magnetic. These types refer to different mechanisms used to control the fuel supply in a vehicle or machinery. The probe type fuel cut off uses a probe or sensor to detect the fuel level and cut off the supply when it reaches a certain point. The float type fuel cut off uses a float that rises or falls with the fuel level and triggers the cut off when it reaches a specific position. The magnetic fuel cut off relies on a magnetic switch to control the fuel supply.

The different types of boilers are cast iron sectional, fire tube, and water tube. Cast iron sectional boilers are made up of individual sections that are connected together to form a complete boiler. Fire tube boilers have tubes that run through the water-filled chamber and are surrounded by hot gases, allowing for efficient heat transfer. Water tube boilers, on the other hand, have water-filled tubes that are heated externally by hot gases, resulting in high-pressure steam production.

The correct answer is latent heat and sensible heat. Latent heat refers to the energy absorbed or released during a phase change, such as the heat required to change water from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas. Sensible heat, on the other hand, refers to the heat that can be felt or measured directly, like the heat from a hot stove or the warmth of the sun. These two types of heat are distinct from each other and play important roles in various heat transfer processes.

The correct answer is 1st and 2nd. In order to be in charge of a boiler plant with 3 boilers and 1500 sq ft of heating surface each, a person would need to have a 1st class boiler license. Additionally, to be a shift engineer in the same plant, a person would need to have a 2nd class boiler license. Both licenses are required due to the complexity and responsibility associated with operating and maintaining the boilers.