Comparative Embryology Quiz 1

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Chemotaxis is particularly important in aquatic organisms.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This Comparative Embryology Quiz 1 assesses knowledge on key embryological processes like fertilization and the acrosomal reaction, focusing on organisms such as sea urchins. It evaluates understanding of chemotaxis in aquatic organisms and the steps involved in fertilization.

Embryology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    In sea urchins, the bindin-bindin receptor matching (recognition) occurs when the sperm contacts the vitelline envelope.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In sea urchins, the bindin-bindin receptor matching (recognition) occurs when the sperm contacts the vitelline envelope. This means that when a sea urchin sperm comes into contact with the vitelline envelope of an egg, the bindin protein on the sperm binds to the bindin receptor on the egg's envelope. This binding is crucial for successful fertilization to occur. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct as it accurately describes the process of bindin-bindin receptor matching in sea urchins.

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  • 3. 

    The fertilization membrane develops during the first half of fertilization.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The fertilization membrane actually develops during the second half of fertilization. This membrane forms as a result of the fusion of the egg and sperm membranes, creating a barrier that prevents additional sperm from entering the egg. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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  • 4. 

    Which is the last of the those steps listed below?

    • Binding to vitelline envelope

    • Acrosomal reaction

    • Penetration of jelly layer

    • Chemotaxis

    • Binding to the oocyte cell membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Binding to the oocyte cell membrane
    Explanation
    The last step listed among the given options is "binding to the oocyte cell membrane". This step occurs after the acrosomal reaction, penetration of the jelly layer, and chemotaxis. Once the sperm has reached the oocyte, it binds to the oocyte cell membrane, allowing for fertilization to occur.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is/are not found in the mature sperm cell?

    • Cortical granules

    • Acrosome

    • Tail

    • A and b above

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Cortical granules
    Explanation
    Cortical granules are not found in mature sperm cells. These granules are present in the oocyte, or egg cell, and are responsible for preventing multiple sperm from fertilizing the same egg. They release their contents upon fertilization, creating a fertilization envelope that blocks the entry of additional sperm. Therefore, mature sperm cells do not possess cortical granules.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following processes has the latest control?

    • Acrosome reaction

    • Bindin-bindin receptor recognition

    • Contact between oocyte and sperm cell membranes

    • Chemotaxis

    • None of the above are equally species-specific

    Correct Answer
    A. Contact between oocyte and sperm cell membranes
    Explanation
    The contact between oocyte and sperm cell membranes has the latest control because it occurs after the acrosome reaction, bindin-bindin receptor recognition, and chemotaxis have taken place. This contact is the final step in the fertilization process and requires precise coordination and control to ensure successful fusion of the sperm and oocyte membranes.

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  • 7. 

    What happens during the first half of fertilization?

    • The sperm cell finds the egg

    • The sperm cell penetrates the barriers

    • The egg takes steps to prevent polyspermy

    • A and b above

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. A and b above
    Explanation
    During the first half of fertilization, both the sperm cell finding the egg and the sperm cell penetrating the barriers occur. This means that the sperm cell successfully locates the egg and then manages to penetrate the protective layers surrounding the egg. Therefore, options "a and b above" are correct.

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  • 8. 

    The ________ is/are not part of a sea urchin egg.

    • Vitelline envelope

    • Cumulus layer

    • Cell membrane

    • Cortical granules

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Cumulus layer
    Explanation
    The cumulus layer is not part of a sea urchin egg. The cumulus layer is a layer of cells that surrounds the egg in some animals, such as mammals, but it is not present in sea urchin eggs. Sea urchin eggs have a vitelline envelope, which is a protective layer surrounding the egg, a cell membrane that separates the inside of the egg from the outside environment, cortical granules that are involved in fertilization, and a nucleus that contains the genetic material of the egg.

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  • 9. 

    Bindin receptors are

    • Needed for a highly species-specific step

    • On the surface of the vitelline envelope

    • What attracts the sea urchin sperm toward the egg

    • A and b above

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. A and b above
    Explanation
    Bindin receptors are needed for a highly species-specific step on the surface of the vitelline envelope, which is responsible for attracting the sea urchin sperm toward the egg. This means that both options "a" and "b" are correct. The bindin receptors play a crucial role in ensuring that only sperm from the same species can successfully fertilize the egg, promoting reproductive isolation and maintaining species integrity.

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  • 10. 

    Which is/are true about the acrosomal reaction?

    • It occurs in sea urchins.

    • It penetrates the vitelline envelope.

    • It allows the sperm to pass through the oocyte cell membrane.

    • A and b above

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. It occurs in sea urchins.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of the above". The acrosomal reaction refers to a series of biochemical changes that occur in the sperm's acrosome, a specialized structure at the tip of the sperm. It occurs in sea urchins and other organisms. During the acrosomal reaction, the acrosome releases enzymes that help penetrate the vitelline envelope, which is the protective layer surrounding the egg. This reaction allows the sperm to pass through the oocyte cell membrane and fertilize the egg. Therefore, all of the given statements are true about the acrosomal reaction.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 07, 2016
    Quiz Created by
    Vlgarza90
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