Latihan Soal Biologi Tentang Sel Sma Kelas Xi Semester 2
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Penemu sel pertama kali adalah….
- A.
Rudolf Virchow
- B.
Schleiden dan Schwan
- C.
Robert Brown
- D.
Robert Hooke
- E.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Correct Answer
D. Robert HookeExplanation
Robert Hooke is credited with being the first person to observe and describe cells. In 1665, he published his book "Micrographia" which included detailed illustrations and descriptions of cells he observed under a microscope. Hooke coined the term "cell" to describe the small compartments he observed in cork, which reminded him of the cells in a monastery. His work laid the foundation for the field of cell biology and his observations greatly contributed to our understanding of the microscopic world.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Sel dikatakan satuan fungsi makhluk hidup karena ....
- A.
Semua jenis sel mempunyai fungsi yang sama
- B.
Melakukan apa yang dilakukan oleh suatu individu organism sebagai keseluruhan
- C.
Semua sel mempunyai jumlah dan macam organel yang sama
- D.
Semua mahluk hidup terdiri atas sel-sel
- E.
Sel adalah unit terkecil makhluk hidup
Correct Answer
D. Semua mahluk hidup terdiri atas sel-selExplanation
The correct answer is "semua mahluk hidup terdiri atas sel-sel" because it accurately reflects the concept of the cell theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells. This means that cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Each organism is made up of one or more cells, and these cells work together to perform all the necessary functions for the organism's survival and growth. Therefore, the statement highlights the fundamental role of cells in the existence of living organisms.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Berikut ini adalah organel-organel yang hanya terdapat pada tumbuhan, kecuali ....
- A.
Kloroplas
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Vakuola
- D.
Sentriol
- E.
Plastida
Correct Answer
D. SentriolExplanation
The given question is asking for an organelle that is found only in plants, excluding sentriol. Sentriol is not found in plants, but it is found in animal cells. Therefore, the correct answer is sentriol.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Bagian organel manakah yang berfungsi sebagai pengatur segala aktivitas sel ….
- A.
Kloroplas
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Vakuola
- D.
Nukleus
- E.
Plastida
Correct Answer
D. NukleusExplanation
The correct answer is nukleus. The nucleus is the organelle that controls all the activities of the cell. It contains the cell's DNA and is responsible for regulating gene expression and cell division. The nucleus also plays a role in the synthesis of RNA and protein.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Organel yang berfungsi menghasilkan energi adalah ....
- A.
Kloroplas
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Mitokondria
- D.
Nukleus
- E.
Plastida
Correct Answer
C. MitokondriaExplanation
Mitokondria adalah organel yang berfungsi menghasilkan energi dalam sel melalui proses respirasi seluler. Mitokondria mengubah nutrisi menjadi adenosin trifosfat (ATP), yang merupakan sumber utama energi untuk berbagai aktivitas seluler. Kloroplas adalah organel yang terlibat dalam fotosintesis, dinding sel adalah struktur yang memberikan kekuatan dan perlindungan pada sel, nukleus adalah organel yang mengandung materi genetik sel, dan plastida adalah organel yang berperan dalam penyimpanan dan produksi pigmen.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Berikut ini organel yang tidak terdapat pada sel hewan adalah ….
- A.
Badan golgi
- B.
Sitosol
- C.
Mitokondria
- D.
Nukleus
- E.
Plastida
Correct Answer
E. PlastidaExplanation
Plastida is an organelle that is not found in animal cells. Plastids are only present in plant cells and some protists. They are responsible for various functions such as photosynthesis, storage of pigments, and synthesis of lipids. Animal cells do not have plastids, so it is the correct answer to the question.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Organel yang berfungsi sebagai tempat berlangsungnya respirasi sel yaitu ….
- A.
Retikulum endoplasma
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Mitokondria
- D.
Nukleus
- E.
Lisosom
Correct Answer
C. MitokondriaExplanation
Mitokondria adalah organel yang berfungsi sebagai tempat berlangsungnya respirasi sel. Respirasi sel adalah proses yang menghasilkan energi dalam bentuk ATP melalui penguraian molekul makanan dengan menggunakan oksigen. Mitokondria memiliki membran dalam yang melipat, yang disebut krista, yang meningkatkan luas permukaan untuk reaksi respirasi. Selain itu, mitokondria juga mengandung DNA dan ribosom, sehingga dapat menghasilkan sebagian protein yang dibutuhkan untuk fungsi respirasi. Oleh karena itu, mitokondria adalah organel yang paling terkait dengan proses respirasi sel.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Membran sel berfungsi untuk....
- A.
Menghasilkan energi
- B.
Memberi bentuk kaku pada sel
- C.
Tempat keluar masuknya ion, molekul, atau senyawa dari dan ke dalam sel
- D.
Sintesis protein
- E.
Menghabiskan energi
Correct Answer
C. Tempat keluar masuknya ion, molekul, atau senyawa dari dan ke dalam selExplanation
The correct answer is "Tempat keluar masuknya ion, molekul, atau senyawa dari dan ke dalam sel." This is because the cell membrane acts as a barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It allows certain ions, molecules, and compounds to pass through while preventing others from entering or leaving the cell. This selective permeability is crucial for maintaining the internal environment of the cell and regulating various cellular processes.Rate this question:
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- 9.
RNA ribosom dibentuk di…
- A.
Membrane plasma
- B.
Sentriol
- C.
DNA
- D.
Nukleolus
- E.
Ribosom
Correct Answer
D. NukleolusExplanation
RNA ribosom dibentuk di nukleolus. Nukleolus adalah struktur di dalam inti sel yang berperan dalam produksi ribosom. Di dalam nukleolus, RNA ribosomik disintesis dan dirakit bersama dengan protein-protein ribosomik untuk membentuk ribosom. Ribosom adalah organel sel yang berfungsi sebagai tempat sintesis protein. Jadi, nukleolus adalah tempat pembentukan RNA ribosom yang kemudian akan membentuk ribosom.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Retikulum endoplasma terdapat di dalam sel. Ada retikulum endoplasma yang memiliki bintik-bintik di permukaannya yang disebut dengan…
- A.
Membrane plasma
- B.
Sentriol
- C.
DNA
- D.
Nukleolus
- E.
Ribosom
Correct Answer
E. RibosomExplanation
The correct answer is ribosom. The question states that the endoplasmic reticulum is found inside cells and that there are some endoplasmic reticulum that have spots on their surface. These spots are called ribosomes. Therefore, ribosomes are the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Berdasarkan gambar diatas, organel tersebut berfungsi sebagai…..
- A.
Sintesis protein
- B.
Sebagai cairan pengisi ruangan antara membran sel dan inti sel
- C.
Sebagai tempat berlangsungnya respirasi aerobik yang menghasilkan energi ATP
- D.
Sintesis lipid
- E.
Tempat terjadinya proses dan reaksi kimia pada proses fotosintesis
Correct Answer
E. Tempat terjadinya proses dan reaksi kimia pada proses fotosintesisExplanation
The correct answer is "tempat terjadinya proses dan reaksi kimia pada proses fotosintesis". This is because the organelle in the picture appears to be a chloroplast, which is responsible for carrying out the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where sunlight is converted into energy in the form of glucose. Therefore, the chloroplast is the site where the chemical reactions of photosynthesis take place.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Pada sel hewan bagian luar sel dibatasi oleh …
- A.
Membran sel
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Fosolipid
- D.
Glikolipid
- E.
Glikoprotein
Correct Answer
A. Membran selExplanation
The correct answer is "membran sel". The outer part of an animal cell is enclosed by a membrane called the cell membrane. This membrane acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is made up of a phospholipid bilayer, with embedded proteins and carbohydrates. The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the cell's structure and regulating its internal environment.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Suatu organel sel memiliki ciri-ciri(1) Merupakan vesikel yang terbentuk dari badan golgi.(2) Mengandung enzim-enzim hidropilitik(3) Melakukan pencernaan intraselulerOrganel sel yang memiliki ciri-ciri diatas ialah.....
- A.
Membran sel
- B.
Dinding sel
- C.
Lisosom
- D.
Glikolipid
- E.
Vakuola
Correct Answer
C. LisosomExplanation
The organelle that matches the given characteristics is the lysosome. Lysosomes are vesicles formed from the Golgi apparatus and contain hydrolytic enzymes. They are responsible for intracellular digestion.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Fotosintesis pada tumbuhan terjadi di dalam kloroplas, tapatnya pada bagian….
- A.
Membran luar
- B.
Stroma
- C.
Grana
- D.
Glikolipid
- E.
Vakuola
Correct Answer
C. GranaExplanation
The correct answer is grana. Photosynthesis in plants occurs in the chloroplasts, specifically in the grana. The grana are stacks of thylakoid membranes where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place. These reactions involve the absorption of light energy and the conversion of it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. The grana also contain chlorophyll, which is responsible for capturing light energy. The other options, such as the outer membrane, stroma, glycolipid, and vacuole, do not play a direct role in the process of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Organel berukuran besar yang mengandung kromosom adalah….
- A.
Membran luar
- B.
Nukleus
- C.
Grana
- D.
Sitoplasma
- E.
Vakuola
Correct Answer
B. NukleusExplanation
The correct answer is nukleus. The nucleus is a large organelle that contains chromosomes. It is often referred to as the "control center" of the cell because it stores the cell's genetic information and controls the cell's activities. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which separates it from the rest of the cell's cytoplasm. Inside the nucleus, the chromosomes are organized and regulated, playing a crucial role in cell division and genetic inheritance.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Organel sel yang berperan dalam sintesis dan transport berbagai macam substansi zat kimia adalah….
- A.
Membran luar
- B.
Nukleus
- C.
Retikulum Endoplasma
- D.
Sitoplasma
- E.
Vakuola
Correct Answer
C. Retikulum EndoplasmaExplanation
The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle involved in the synthesis and transport of various substances. It is responsible for the production of proteins and lipids, as well as the detoxification of drugs and toxins. The endoplasmic reticulum has a network of membranes that extends throughout the cell, allowing for the efficient movement of molecules. This organelle plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring the proper functioning of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Unsur terbanyak yang terdapat pada protoplasma antara lain….
- A.
O,C, dan H
- B.
O, C, dan Fe
- C.
O, C, dan Ge
- D.
O, C, dan Mg
- E.
O, C, dan Ag
Correct Answer
A. O,C, dan HExplanation
The most abundant elements found in protoplasm are oxygen (O), carbon (C), and hydrogen (H). These elements are essential for the formation of organic molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, which are the building blocks of life. Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration, carbon is the backbone of organic compounds, and hydrogen is involved in various biological processes. Therefore, O, C, and H are the correct answer options.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Fungsi utama vakuola adalah….
- A.
Menyimpan kode genetic
- B.
Mengatur seluruh kegiatan sel
- C.
Sintesis lemak
- D.
Tempat penyimpanan zat cadangan makanan seperti amilum dan glukosa
- E.
Sintesis protein
Correct Answer
D. Tempat penyimpanan zat cadangan makanan seperti amilum dan glukosaExplanation
The main function of vacuoles is to store reserve food materials such as starch and glucose. Vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs found in the cytoplasm of plant cells. They play a crucial role in maintaining the osmotic balance of the cell and storing various substances. In plant cells, vacuoles are especially important for storing nutrients and providing structural support to the cell. They can also store waste products and help regulate the pH of the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is "Tempat penyimpanan zat cadangan makanan seperti amilum dan glukosa" (a place for storing reserve food materials such as starch and glucose).Rate this question:
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- 19.
Yang bukan merupakan komponen protoplasma adalah….
- A.
Dinding sel
- B.
Vakuola
- C.
Nukleus
- D.
Sitoplasma
- E.
Nukleoplasma
Correct Answer
A. Dinding selExplanation
The correct answer is "Dinding sel" (cell wall). The cell wall is a rigid structure found in plant cells that provides support and protection. It is composed of cellulose and other materials, and it is located outside the cell membrane. Protoplasma, on the other hand, refers to the living contents of a cell, which includes the cytoplasm, nucleus, and other organelles. Therefore, the cell wall is not considered a component of protoplasma.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Tempat pembentukan protein dalam sel berlangsung pada…
- A.
Dinding sel
- B.
Vakuola
- C.
Ribosom
- D.
Sitoplasma
- E.
Nukleoplasma
Correct Answer
C. RibosomExplanation
The correct answer is Ribosom. Ribosomes are the sites where protein synthesis occurs in a cell. They are small, granular structures found either freely floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. Therefore, the formation of proteins takes place in ribosomes.Rate this question:
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