Process Management Chapter 6

1. Match the commands to the correct actions. (Not all options are used.)

provides security on the console

displays a message when the router is accessed

configures a name on the router

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.1

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.1

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2. When transporting data from real-time applications, such as streaming audio and video, which field in the IPv6 header can be used to inform the routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packets in the same conversation?

Next Header

Flow Label

Traffic Class

Differentiated Services

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.4
The Flow Label in IPv6 header is a 20-bit field that provides a special service for real-time applications. This field can be used to inform routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packet flow so that packets will not be reordered.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.4
The Flow Label in IPv6 header is a 20-bit field that provides a special service for real-time applications. This field can be used to inform routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packet flow so that packets will not be reordered.

3. What is the command netstat -r used for?

To display the TCP sockets

To renew the default gateway

To release the assigned IP address

To display the host routing table

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.1
The command netstat -r displays the host routing table to verify the routes and costs that a computer uses to communicate to certain networks.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.1
The command netstat -r displays the host routing table to verify the routes and costs that a computer uses to communicate to certain networks.

4. During the boot process, in what memory location will the router bootstrap program look for the IOS image if a TFTP server is not used?

Flash

NVRAM

RAM

ROM

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
The IOS image is typically stored in flash memory. If the image is not in flash memory when the router boots, the router bootstrap program can look for it on a TFTP server.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
The IOS image is typically stored in flash memory. If the image is not in flash memory when the router boots, the router bootstrap program can look for it on a TFTP server.

5. During troubleshooting procedures, from which location will most Cisco routers load a limited IOS?

NVRAM

RAM

ROM

Flash

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.1
ROM is used to store bootup instructions, basic diagnostic software, and a copy of a limited IOS. NVRAM stores the startup configuration file. RAM provides temporary storage of the running configuration file. Flash is used to store the full Cisco IOS on a device.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.1
ROM is used to store bootup instructions, basic diagnostic software, and a copy of a limited IOS. NVRAM stores the startup configuration file. RAM provides temporary storage of the running configuration file. Flash is used to store the full Cisco IOS on a device.

6. Here is a link to the PT Activity (Links to an external site.). Open the PT activity. Perform the tasks in the activity instructions and then answer the question.Which interfaces in each router are active and operational?

R1: G0/0 and S0/0/0R2: G0/0 and S0/0/0

R1: G0/1 and S0/0/1R2: G0/0 and S0/0/1

R1: G0/0 and S0/0/0R2: G0/1 and S0/0/0

R1: G0/0 and S0/0/1R2: G0/1 and S0/0/1

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.2
The command to use for this activity is show ip interface brief in each router. The active and operational interfaces are represented by the value "up" in the "Status" and "Protocol" columns. The interfaces in R1 with these characteristics are G0/0 and S0/0/0. In R2 they are G0/1 and S0/0/0.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.2
The command to use for this activity is show ip interface brief in each router. The active and operational interfaces are represented by the value "up" in the "Status" and "Protocol" columns. The interfaces in R1 with these characteristics are G0/0 and S0/0/0. In R2 they are G0/1 and S0/0/0.

7. Which value, that is contained in an IPv4 header field, is decremented by each router that receives a packet?

Differentiated Services

Fragment Offset

Header Length

Time-to-Live

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.3
When a router receives a packet, the router will decrement the Time-to-Live (TTL) field by one. When the field reaches zero, the receiving router will discard the packet and will send an ICMP Time Exceeded message to the sender.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.3
When a router receives a packet, the router will decrement the Time-to-Live (TTL) field by one. When the field reaches zero, the receiving router will discard the packet and will send an ICMP Time Exceeded message to the sender.

8. What are two functions that are provided by the network layer? (Choose two.)

Carrying data between processes that are running on source and destination hosts

Providing end devices with a unique network identifier

Placing data on the network medium

Directing data packets to destination hosts on other networks

Providing dedicated end-to-end connections

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.1
The network layer is primarily concerned with passing data from a source to a destination on another network. IP addresses supply unique identifiers for the source and destination. The network layer provides connectionless, best-effort delivery. Devices rely on higher layers to supply services to processes.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.1
The network layer is primarily concerned with passing data from a source to a destination on another network. IP addresses supply unique identifiers for the source and destination. The network layer provides connectionless, best-effort delivery. Devices rely on higher layers to supply services to processes.

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9. Which feature on a Cisco router permits the forwarding of traffic for which there is no specific route?

Next-hop

Gateway of last resort

Route source

Outgoing interface

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.2
A default static route is used as a gateway of last resort to forward unknown destination traffic to a next hop/exit interface. The next-hop or exit interface is the destination to send traffic to on a network after the traffic is matched in a router. The route source is the location a route was learned from.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.2
A default static route is used as a gateway of last resort to forward unknown destination traffic to a next hop/exit interface. The next-hop or exit interface is the destination to send traffic to on a network after the traffic is matched in a router. The route source is the location a route was learned from.

10. Which router bootup sequence is correct?

1 - perform the POST and load the Cisco IOS software2 - locate and load the startup configuration file or enter setup mode3 - locate and load the bootstrap program

1 - perform the POST and load the bootstrap program2 - locate and load the startup configuration file or enter setup mode3 - locate and load the Cisco IOS software

1 - perform the POST and load the startup configuration file2 - locate and load the bootstrap program3 - locate and load the Cisco IOS software

1 - perform the POST and load the bootstrap program2 - locate and load the Cisco IOS software3 - locate and load the startup configuration file or enter setup mode

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
When a router is powered on, it undergoes a POST to verify that the hardware is functional, after which it proceeds by locating and loading the Cisco IOS software and then loading the startup configuration file if one is present.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
When a router is powered on, it undergoes a POST to verify that the hardware is functional, after which it proceeds by locating and loading the Cisco IOS software and then loading the startup configuration file if one is present.

11. Within a production network, what is the purpose of configuring a switch with a default gateway address?

Hosts that are connected to the switch can use the switch default gateway address to forward packets to a remote destination.

A switch must have a default gateway to be accessible by Telnet and SSH.

The default gateway address is used to forward packets originating from the switch to remote networks.

It provides a next-hop address for all traffic that flows through the switch.

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.3
A default gateway address allows a switch to forward packets that originate on the switch to remote networks. A default gateway address on a switch does not provide Layer 3 routing for PCs that are connected on that switch. A switch can still be accessible from Telnet as long as the source of the Telnet connection is on the local network.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.4.3
A default gateway address allows a switch to forward packets that originate on the switch to remote networks. A default gateway address on a switch does not provide Layer 3 routing for PCs that are connected on that switch. A switch can still be accessible from Telnet as long as the source of the Telnet connection is on the local network.

12. How does the network layer use the MTU value?

The network layer depends on the higher level layers to determine the MTU.

The network layer depends on the data link layer to set the MTU, and adjusts the speed of transmission to accommodate it.

The MTU is passed to the network layer by the data link layer

To increase speed of delivery, the network layer ignores the MTU.

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.2
The data link layer indicates to the network layer the MTU for the medium that is being used. The network layer uses that information to determine how large the packet can be when it is forwarded. When packets are received on one medium and forwarded on a medium with a smaller MTU, the network layer device can fragment the packet to accommodate the smaller size.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.1.2
The data link layer indicates to the network layer the MTU for the medium that is being used. The network layer uses that information to determine how large the packet can be when it is forwarded. When packets are received on one medium and forwarded on a medium with a smaller MTU, the network layer device can fragment the packet to accommodate the smaller size.

13. Which two files are loaded into RAM by the router when it boots? (Choose two.)

Running configuration

Bootstrap program

Startup configuration

POST

IOS image

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
A router loads the IOS image file and startup configuration file into RAM when it boots. Then the startup configuration file is copied into RAM as the running configuration file. The power-on self-test (POST) is a process that occurs on almost every computer during bootup. A bootstrap program is a program that is executed just after the POST.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.3.2
A router loads the IOS image file and startup configuration file into RAM when it boots. Then the startup configuration file is copied into RAM as the running configuration file. The power-on self-test (POST) is a process that occurs on almost every computer during bootup. A bootstrap program is a program that is executed just after the POST.

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14. A packet arrives at a router interface. The router goes through a series of steps to determine where the packet should be forwarded. Place the steps of the router forwarding process in the correct order. (Not all options are used.)

1

2

3

4

5

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.2
When a packet arrives at a router interface, the router determines the destination network from the packet header. The router then looks for a matching destination in the routing table, and determines from the table entry which interface to use to send the packet to that destination. If no matching destination or default forwarding information is found, the packet is discarded.

Explanation

Refer to curriculum topic: 6.2.2
When a packet arrives at a router interface, the router determines the destination network from the packet header. The router then looks for a matching destination in the routing table, and determines from the table entry which interface to use to send the packet to that destination. If no matching destination or default forwarding information is found, the packet is discarded.

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