Latihan Ulangan Akhir Semester IPA Kelas 7

CO2 is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming when its levels increase in the atmosphere. One way to mitigate the greenhouse effect is through penghijauan, which means planting more trees and increasing vegetation. Trees absorb CO2 through photosynthesis and release oxygen, helping to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. Therefore, penghijauan is an effective strategy to counteract the greenhouse effect caused by increasing CO2 levels.

The correct answer is "batu, tanah, air, dan udara". This answer is correct because it includes only abiotic components, which are non-living factors in an ecosystem. Rocks (batu), soil (tanah), water (air), and air (udara) are all examples of abiotic components as they do not possess life or biological processes.

Plastik tidak bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai kompos karena tidak dapat terurai secara alami oleh mikroorganisme dalam proses kompos. Plastik merupakan bahan sintetis yang sulit terurai dan dapat mencemari tanah dan lingkungan jika digunakan sebagai bahan kompos. Sebaliknya, sayuran, kotoran hewan, dan kotoran kayu dapat diolah menjadi kompos karena merupakan bahan organik yang dapat terurai dan memberikan nutrisi bagi tanaman.

Pola interaksi simbiosis komensalisme terjadi antara tanaman anggrek dengan pohon yang ditumpanginya. Dalam hubungan ini, tanaman anggrek mengambil keuntungan dengan tumbuh di atas pohon dan menggunakan pohon sebagai tempat tumbuh dan mendapatkan sinar matahari. Sementara itu, pohon tidak mendapatkan manfaat atau kerugian dari keberadaan tanaman anggrek.

One of the main causes of global warming is the greenhouse effect, which is primarily driven by the presence of certain gases in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is one of the most significant greenhouse gases, as it traps heat from the sun and prevents it from escaping back into space. This leads to an increase in global temperatures. Therefore, carbon dioxide is directly linked to global climate change and the occurrence of global warming.

Pada sistem pernapasan manusia, organ yang terlibat adalah paru-paru dan tenggorokan. Paru-paru berfungsi sebagai tempat pertukaran oksigen dan karbon dioksida dalam darah, sedangkan tenggorokan berperan dalam proses pernapasan dengan menghubungkan hidung dan mulut dengan saluran pernapasan yang lebih dalam seperti kerongkongan dan paru-paru. Organ lain seperti lambung tidak terlibat dalam proses pernapasan manusia.

The correct answer is "radiasi" because the passage states that the increase in global temperature is caused by trapped heat on Earth, which comes from sunlight reaching the Earth. This indicates that the heat transfer method involved in this process is radiation, as radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

Banjir yang terjadi di kota-kota besar umumnya disebabkan oleh berkurangnya daerah resapan air. Ketika daerah resapan air berkurang, tanah tidak dapat menyerap air hujan dengan baik, sehingga air mengalir ke permukaan dan menyebabkan banjir. Hal ini bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti pembangunan yang tidak memperhatikan drainase atau penurunan kualitas tanah akibat aktivitas manusia seperti pemotongan pohon atau pemadatan tanah.

The correct answer is "sistem saraf" because plants do not have a central nervous system like animals do. While plants do have a complex network of cells that allow them to respond to stimuli, it is not considered a true nervous system. Instead, plants rely on chemical and electrical signals to coordinate their responses to environmental cues. Therefore, the absence of a nervous system is a characteristic that distinguishes plants from animals.

The correct answer is "Anggrek hidup menumpang, tetapi tidak merugikan" which means "Orchids live as parasites, but do not harm". This statement suggests that orchids live on other plants, such as mango trees, but do not cause any harm or damage to the host plant.

The correct answer is 2 dan 4. This is because in option 2, the symbiotic relationship between the hibiscus flower and the butterfly is an example of mutualism, where both organisms benefit from the interaction. The butterfly gets nectar from the flower, which serves as a food source, while the flower gets pollinated by the butterfly, aiding in reproduction. In option 4, the symbiotic relationship between the fern and the tree it grows on is an example of commensalism, where the fern benefits by having a place to grow and access to sunlight, while the tree is not affected positively or negatively by the presence of the fern.

Plastida merupakan bagian sel tumbuhan yang tidak terdapat pada sel hewan. Plastida adalah organel yang terkait dengan fotosintesis dan penyimpanan zat-zat seperti pigmen dan pati. Sel hewan tidak memiliki plastida, sehingga menjadikan plastida sebagai bagian sel tumbuhan yang membedakan dengan sel hewan.

The correct answer is "satuan". Pengukuran is the activity of comparing a measured quantity with a measuring tool used as a reference, and "satuan" refers to the unit of measurement. In this context, the measurement is being compared to a specific unit to determine its value.

The correct answer is "menghangatkan suhu bumi sehingga nyaman untuk ditinggali". The greenhouse effect is necessary for life on Earth because it helps to trap heat from the sun, keeping the planet warm enough for living organisms to thrive. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would be too cold to support life as we know it.

The mesosphere is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is located above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It is known for its low temperatures and the presence of meteors. Meteors burn up upon entering the mesosphere due to the high temperatures caused by the friction with the air molecules. Therefore, one of the functions of the mesosphere is to protect the Earth from meteor showers by causing them to disintegrate before reaching the surface.

Batang pada tumbuhan tidak berfungsi sebagai alat pernapasan. Fungsi batang pada tumbuhan antara lain sebagai alat pengangkut air dan nutrisi dari akar ke daun, sebagai penopang tubuh tumbuhan agar dapat berdiri tegak, serta sebagai tempat penyimpanan cadangan makanan.

According to the given information, udara dari pegunungan termasuk dalam lapisan troposfer. Pada lapisan troposfer berlaku hukum geotermis. Geotermis refers to the change in temperature with altitude. The correct answer states that as the altitude increases, the temperature of the air decreases. This is consistent with the geotermis law, which states that the temperature decreases with an increase in altitude in the troposphere. Therefore, the correct answer is semakin tinggi tempat, suhu udara semakin menurun.

The correct answer is "terjadinya keseimbangan ekosistem" (the occurrence of ecosystem balance). This answer is incorrect because global warming can disrupt the balance of ecosystems. Global warming can lead to changes in temperature and precipitation patterns, which can affect the distribution and abundance of species. It can also cause habitat loss and fragmentation, which can further disrupt the interactions between different organisms in an ecosystem. Therefore, the correct answer should be "terganggunya keseimbangan ekosistem" (disturbance of ecosystem balance).

Reboisasi dan rotasi makanan adalah cara alami yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempertahankan atau meningkatkan kualitas tanah. Reboisasi melibatkan penanaman kembali pohon-pohon di daerah yang terdegradasi atau terdeforestasi, yang dapat membantu mencegah erosi tanah dan meningkatkan kualitas tanah melalui peningkatan kandungan bahan organik. Rotasi makanan melibatkan pergantian tanaman yang ditanam pada lahan yang sama dari waktu ke waktu, yang membantu mengurangi risiko penurunan kesuburan tanah dan kelelahan tanah karena kebutuhan nutrisi yang berbeda dari tanaman yang berbeda.

The correct answer is meristem. Meristem is a type of tissue found at the tips of roots, shoots, and in the cambium layer of plants. It is responsible for the growth and development of new cells, allowing the plant to increase in size and repair damaged tissues. Meristem cells have the ability to divide and differentiate into various types of cells, such as those found in the roots, stems, and leaves. Therefore, meristem plays a crucial role in plant growth and development.

The given statements describe the characteristics of a layer that is responsible for the formation and changes in weather, such as wind, clouds, and rain. It also mentions that this layer is dominated by nitrogen and oxygen and contains water. These characteristics align with the troposphere, which is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere where weather phenomena occur. Therefore, the correct answer is troposfer.

The correct answer suggests that environmental balance is disrupted when there are changes that do not exceed its carrying capacity and resilience. This means that if the changes in the environment stay within its limits and ability to bounce back, the balance will be maintained.

Besaran adalah sesuatu yang dapat diukur dan dinyatakan dengan angka. Dalam fisika, besaran dapat berupa panjang, massa, waktu, suhu, dan sebagainya. Besaran ini memiliki satuan yang digunakan untuk mengukur dan menyatakan nilai dari besaran tersebut.

A jangka sorong is a measuring tool that can be used to measure the inner diameter of a cylindrical container. It has a pair of jaws that can be adjusted to fit inside the container and provide an accurate measurement of its inner diameter. This makes it a suitable tool for measuring the inner diameter or midpoint of a cylindrical container.

The correct answer is "banyaknya polusi di kawasan industri" (increased pollution in industrial areas). This is because global warming primarily refers to the increase in average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, which leads to various impacts such as the loss of coral reefs, the extinction of species, and the melting of glaciers in the polar regions. The increase in pollution in industrial areas, although a significant environmental issue, is not directly caused by global warming.

The correct answer is troposfer. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, extending from the surface up to an average height of about 12 km. It is where weather phenomena occur and where most of the Earth's air mass is located. The pressure in the troposphere gradually decreases with increasing altitude, reaching 0 cmhg at its upper boundary.