Social Studies EOC Review Questions
Read each question carefully!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
After the defeat of Japan in WWII, the United States led the Allies in the occupation and rehabilition of the Japanese state...the US...forces... enacted widespread military, political, economic, social reforms....MacArthur also tried... to (change) the economy into a free market capitalist system...Allied advisors.. dictated a new constitution.Source: US Department of StateThe Allies helped Japan rebuild after WWII. Which describes how the Allies were involved in rebuilding Japan?
- A.
The Allies sent military forces to rebuild Japan’s government and economic structure
- B.
The Allies sent military forces to help regulate Japan′s wealthy economy.
- C.
The Allies sent military forces to take control of Japan′s military forces.
- D.
The Allies sent the military to rebuild Japan′s armed forces to protect the country.
Correct Answer
A. The Allies sent military forces to rebuild Japan’s government and economic structureExplanation
After Japan's defeat in WWII, the United States led the Allies in the occupation and rehabilitation of Japan. This involved enacting widespread military, political, economic, and social reforms. General MacArthur also attempted to transform the economy into a free market capitalist system. Additionally, Allied advisors dictated a new constitution for Japan. Therefore, the correct answer is that the Allies sent military forces to rebuild Japan's government and economic structure.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Englishmen... have given the people of India the greatest human blessing---peace. They have introduced Western education. This has brought an ancient and civilized nation in touch with modern thought, modern sciences, and modern life. They have built an administration that is strong and efficient. They have framed wise laws and have established courts of justice. Romesh Dutt, 1905Which of statements reflect the author's view of the impact of imperialism on India?
- A.
Imperialism helped the people of India improve their barter system
- B.
Imperialism helped the people of India by advancing and modernizing their governmental insititutions
- C.
Imperialism harmed the people of India by replacing their traditional culture through modernization
- D.
Imperialism harmed the people of India by weaking their administration
Correct Answer
B. Imperialism helped the people of India by advancing and modernizing their governmental insititutionsExplanation
The author's view of the impact of imperialism on India is that it helped the people of India by advancing and modernizing their governmental institutions. This is evident from the statement that Englishmen have built a strong and efficient administration, framed wise laws, and established courts of justice. The author also mentions that imperialism introduced Western education, which brought India in touch with modern thought, sciences, and life. Therefore, the author sees imperialism as a beneficial force that brought progress and development to India's governmental system.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Over the past few years, dealing with HIV/AIDS and its effects has become one of the major public policy issues in most southern African countries. While it is fundamentally a health issue, the impact of HIV/AIDS goes far beyond health because of its widespread human, social, and economic effects. Southern Africa has had the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world; several countries in the region have HIV prevalence rates over 20 percent of the adult population, with the highest reported adult HIV prevelance rates of over 30 percent. As a result, it is estimated that nearly two-thirds of all HIV-positive people in the world live in sub-Saharan Africa, while South Africa, along with India, has the highest number of HIV-positive people of any country in the world.World Health Organization, 2006What can be concluded about the impact of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in southern Africa as of 2006?
- A.
AIDS cases have had the same effect in southern African countries as in other countries
- B.
AIDS has had a limited social impact on people living in southern African countries
- C.
The number of deaths from AIDS has created many political crises and unresolved issues in southern African countries
- D.
The increasing number of AIDS cases in southern African countries has had huge negative social and economic consequences
Correct Answer
D. The increasing number of AIDS cases in southern African countries has had huge negative social and economic consequencesExplanation
The answer can be concluded based on the information provided in the passage. It states that dealing with HIV/AIDS and its effects has become a major public policy issue in most southern African countries. It also mentions that the impact of HIV/AIDS goes beyond health and has widespread human, social, and economic effects. Additionally, it states that southern Africa has the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world, with several countries having rates over 20 percent of the adult population. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increasing number of AIDS cases in southern African countries has had huge negative social and economic consequences.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Weaknesses of Imperial Power-Napoleon's invasion of Spain-divisions among social classes-desire for independent, democratic government-desire for economic independenceWhich might be the result of these factors?
- A.
Anarchy
- B.
Socialism
- C.
Revolution
- D.
Mutiny
Correct Answer
C. RevolutionExplanation
The weaknesses of imperial power, Napoleon's invasion of Spain, divisions among social classes, and the desire for an independent and democratic government and economic independence can lead to a revolution. These factors create a volatile environment where the people may rise up against the existing system, demanding change and overthrowing the current regime. Revolution is a likely outcome as it represents a radical and transformative shift in the political, social, and economic structure of a society.Rate this question:
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- 5.
How did the Industrial Revolution affect economic relationships among nations?
- A.
It created political alliances among nations with resources
- B.
It promoted a greater degree of interdependence among nations
- C.
It increased the standard of living for all nations
- D.
It generated more isolationism among nations with economic resources
Correct Answer
B. It promoted a greater degree of interdependence among nationsExplanation
The Industrial Revolution promoted a greater degree of interdependence among nations. This is because the revolution led to advancements in transportation and communication, allowing for increased trade and exchange of goods and ideas between nations. Nations became more reliant on each other for resources, markets, and technology, leading to the development of economic relationships and interconnectivity on a global scale.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which summarizes the main characteristics of a traditional economic system?
- A.
Central government control, central planning, price controls
- B.
Diplomacy, labor participates in managerial decisions
- C.
Private ownership, social control of division of labor
- D.
Direct trade, no competition, rely on customs
Correct Answer
D. Direct trade, no competition, rely on customsExplanation
The correct answer is "direct trade, no competition, rely on customs." This answer summarizes the main characteristics of a traditional economic system. In a traditional economic system, there is a focus on direct trade, where individuals and communities exchange goods and services without the involvement of intermediaries. There is also no competition, as economic activities are often based on customs and traditions rather than market forces. Additionally, reliance on customs means that economic decisions and practices are guided by long-standing traditions and social norms.Rate this question:
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- 7.
How do economic alliances, such as the European Union(EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), affect international affairs?
- A.
They raise trade barriers between competing nations
- B.
They lower sales tax on consumer goods
- C.
They allow nations to negotiate trade imbalances
- D.
They increase trade among member nations
Correct Answer
D. They increase trade among member nationsExplanation
Economic alliances, such as the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), increase trade among member nations. These alliances promote economic cooperation and remove barriers to trade, such as tariffs and quotas, among member countries. By eliminating trade barriers, member nations can engage in more trade with each other, leading to increased economic activity and opportunities for businesses. This increased trade can have positive effects on international affairs, fostering stronger diplomatic relations and promoting economic growth and stability among member nations.Rate this question:
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- 8.
How could a high-interest loan affect a person's financial health?
- A.
High-interest loans can be difficult to pay back, which will make it harder to get future loans
- B.
High-interest loans are reported to credit agencies and will hurt your credit history
- C.
High-interest loans can be deducted from income tax, helping an individual save money
- D.
High-interest loans typically have fewer fees and therefore cost less, overall
Correct Answer
A. High-interest loans can be difficult to pay back, which will make it harder to get future loansExplanation
High-interest loans can be difficult to pay back because the borrower will have to pay a larger amount of money in interest over time. This can put a strain on their financial health, as they may struggle to make the required monthly payments. Additionally, if the borrower is unable to repay the loan, it can negatively impact their credit history. This can make it harder for them to qualify for future loans or credit, as lenders may see them as a higher risk borrower.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In contrast to a democracy, which form of government uses the military to maintain power against the people's consent?
- A.
Monarchy
- B.
Dictatorship
- C.
Theocracy
- D.
Oligarchy
Correct Answer
B. DictatorshipExplanation
A dictatorship is a form of government where a single individual or a small group holds absolute power and authority. In this type of government, the military is often used to suppress any opposition or dissent from the people. Unlike a democracy, where power is derived from the consent of the people, a dictatorship relies on force and control to maintain its power.Rate this question:
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- 10.
It must be acknowledged that the term "republic" is of very vague application in every language... I would say purely and simply it means a government by its citizens in mass, acting directly and personally according to rules established by the majority. Thomas Jefferson, 1776Which statement best summarizes Jefferson's idea of a republican government?
- A.
The power of the government rests with the body of its citizens
- B.
The power of the government rests with the leaders at the top of the government
- C.
Republican governments have a monarch that leads the nation
- D.
Republican governments have strict laws that rule its citizens
Correct Answer
A. The power of the government rests with the body of its citizensExplanation
Jefferson's idea of a republican government can be summarized as the power of the government resting with the body of its citizens. This means that the citizens collectively hold the authority and make decisions through direct participation, following rules established by the majority. It emphasizes the concept of popular sovereignty and the active involvement of the people in governing themselves.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The people are extremely well qualified for choosing those whom they are to entrust with part of their authority.Charles de Secondat, Baron de MontesquieuOf Laws Directly Derived from the Nature of Government, 1748Which best summarizes Montesquieu's view of the responsibility of citizens in a democracy?
- A.
To lobby for new laws
- B.
To vote for their leaders
- C.
To respond to public opinion polls
- D.
To take part in election campaigns
Correct Answer
B. To vote for their leadersExplanation
Montesquieu's view of the responsibility of citizens in a democracy can be summarized as the need to vote for their leaders. This implies that citizens have the power to choose and entrust their authority to those who they believe are qualified to govern. By participating in the voting process, citizens actively exercise their role in shaping the government and ensuring that qualified individuals are entrusted with leadership positions.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Italy Voting Requirements-25 years of age, citizen, all citizens automatically registered to vote, -optional to vote-use national identification document for voter identificationSaudi Arabia-21 years of age, males only can vote, very few elections held- optional to vote- ID required in order to voteUsing the information from above, what is suggested about the requirements for citizenship in Italy and Saudi Arabia?
- A.
Italian citizens can vote at age 22
- B.
Saudi Arabian citizens do not vote
- C.
Italian citizens are required to go vote
- D.
Saudi Arabian citizens must be male to vote
Correct Answer
D. Saudi Arabian citizens must be male to voteExplanation
The information provided suggests that Saudi Arabian citizens must be male in order to vote. This is based on the statement that in Saudi Arabia, only males can vote. However, the information does not provide any indication about the voting age or requirements for citizenship in Italy.Rate this question:
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- 13.
How do governments influence art and literature in nondemocratic societies?
- A.
Governments allow freedom of expression and design for all creators of arts
- B.
Governments use artistic expression to attract foreign trade with nations interested in the culture
- C.
Citizens are commonly exposed to government-sponsored art and literature in the form of propaganda
- D.
People are divided into labor classes, thereby allowing only certain people to create art or write literature
Correct Answer
C. Citizens are commonly exposed to government-sponsored art and literature in the form of propagandaExplanation
In nondemocratic societies, governments often use art and literature as a tool for propaganda to influence the citizens. By promoting government-sponsored art and literature, the government can control the narrative and shape public opinion in their favor. This allows them to maintain their power and suppress dissenting voices. Through the widespread exposure to propaganda, citizens are influenced to support and align themselves with the government's ideologies and policies.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Imperialism in AfricaThe period of imperialism has witnessed many wars... They have resulted in the taking of territory by force... The white rulers of the colonies live at the expense of the natives. Their chief work is to organize labor for their support. In the typical colony, the most fertile lands and the mineral resources are owned by white foreigners. These holdings are worked by natives under their direction. The foreigners take wealth out of the country. All the hard work is done by the natives. JA Hobson, 1902According to the author, how did imperialism affect African societies?
- A.
Foreigners helped the continent by finding its valuable minerals
- B.
Foreigners took the citizens out the country to work as slaves
- C.
Foreigners used the most fertile land and took wealth out of the nation
- D.
Foreigners helped the continent by providing citizens with high-paying jobs
Correct Answer
C. Foreigners used the most fertile land and took wealth out of the nationExplanation
According to the author, imperialism affected African societies by foreigners using the most fertile land and taking wealth out of the nation. The author mentions that the white rulers of the colonies live at the expense of the natives and their chief work is to organize labor for their support. The most fertile lands and mineral resources are owned by white foreigners, who work them through the labor of the natives. This implies that the foreigners exploit the resources and wealth of the nation for their own benefit, leaving the natives to do all the hard work.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Article 1The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), hereinafter referred to as "the Organization", created as a permanent intergovernmental organization in conformity with the Resolutions of the Conference of the Representatives of the Government of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela, held in Baghdad from September 10 to 14, 1960, shall carry out its functions in accordance with the provisions set forth hereunder.Article 2 A. The principal aim of the Organization shall be the coordination and unification of the petroleum policies of Member Countries and the determination of the best means for safeguarding their interests, individually, and collectively.B. The Organization shall devise ways and means of ensuring the stabilization of prices in international oil markets with a view to eliminating harmful and unnecessary fluctuations.C. Due regard shall be given at all times to the interests of the producing nations and to the necessity of securing a steady income to the producing countries; an efficient, economic, and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on their capital to those investing in the petroleum industry.OPEC Statues, 1961Based on the excerpt, what impact would OPEC have on global trade?
- A.
It would control prices of oil throughout the world
- B.
It would limit the amount of oil sent to Western nations
- C.
It would increase the amount of oil used by the Middle Eastern nations
- D.
It would regulate the amount of oil sent to Europe
Correct Answer
A. It would control prices of oil throughout the worldExplanation
OPEC would have the impact of controlling prices of oil throughout the world. This is evident from Article 2B, which states that one of the principal aims of the Organization is to ensure the stabilization of prices in international oil markets and eliminate harmful fluctuations. By coordinating and unifying the petroleum policies of its member countries, OPEC would have the ability to influence and control the prices of oil on a global scale.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The political liberty of the subject is a tranquility of mind, arising from the opinion each person has of his safety. In order to have this liberty, it is requisite the government be so constituted as one man need to afraid of another. When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws, to execute them in a tyrannical manner. Again, there is no liberty, if the power of judging be not separated from the legislative and executive powers.Montesquieu, Spirit of Laws, 1748Which statement summarizes Montesquieu's view of government?
- A.
Government should be ruled by a monarch
- B.
Government should not give too much liberty to its people
- C.
Government should be divided so that it remains fair to its citizens
- D.
Government should be controlled by one body of magistrates
Correct Answer
C. Government should be divided so that it remains fair to its citizensExplanation
Montesquieu's view of government can be summarized as the belief that government should be divided so that it remains fair to its citizens. He argues that in order for individuals to have political liberty, the government must be structured in a way that prevents one person or body from having too much power. This includes separating the legislative, executive, and judicial powers to ensure a system of checks and balances, preventing the enactment of tyrannical laws and the execution of those laws in a tyrannical manner.Rate this question:
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- 17.
There are two ways of countering injustice. One way is to smash the head of the man who perpetrates injustice and to get your own head smashed in the process. All strong people in the world adopt this course. Everywhere wars are fought and millions of people are killed. The consequences is not the progress of the nation but the decline...It brings disaster to both belligerents...Similarly, no State is possible without two entities, the rulers and the ruled. You are our sovereign, our Government, only so long as we consider ourselves your subjects. When we are not subjects, you are not the sovereign either... Shower what sufferings you like upon us; we will calmly endure all and not hurt a hair of your body. We will gladly die and will not so much as touch you. But so long as there is yet life in these our bones, we will never comply with your arbitrary laws.Mohandas Gandhi, 1916Which statement summarizes Gandhi's views about how a government should rule its people?
- A.
Violence is the best way for a government to rule its people
- B.
Fair laws bring the decline of nations and their governments
- C.
Governments should have many arbitrary rules for their people
- D.
Governments bring the decline of their nations by enforcing rules with violence
Correct Answer
D. Governments bring the decline of their nations by enforcing rules with violenceExplanation
Gandhi's views about how a government should rule its people can be summarized as governments bring the decline of their nations by enforcing rules with violence. He believed that using violence and enforcing arbitrary laws only leads to disaster and decline, both for the rulers and the ruled. Gandhi advocated for non-violent resistance and peaceful disobedience, stating that individuals should endure suffering without retaliating and not comply with arbitrary laws.Rate this question:
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- 18.
"Innovations are normally the creation of business people"Joseph Schumpter, Economic Theorists, 1911With which economic theory would Joseph Schumpter likely have agreed?
- A.
Socialism
- B.
Traditionalism
- C.
Capitalism
- D.
Communism
Correct Answer
C. CapitalismExplanation
Joseph Schumpter, an economic theorist, believed that innovations are typically created by business people. This aligns with the principles of capitalism, which emphasizes entrepreneurship, private ownership, and the pursuit of profit. In a capitalist system, individuals are incentivized to innovate and create new products or services in order to compete in the market and generate profits. Therefore, it is likely that Schumpter would have agreed with the economic theory of capitalism.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Although the present epidemic is called Spanish Influenza, there is no reason to believe that it originated in Spain. Some writers who have studied the question believe that the epidemic came from the Orient (Asia) and they call attention to the fact that the Germans mention the disease as occurring along the eastern front in the summer and fall of 1917.The Coconino Sun 1918What was a common cause of the epidemic of the 1918 Spanish influenza?
- A.
Lack of a vaccine or cure
- B.
Government policy of isolationism
- C.
Decreasing trade with nations where the epidemic began
- D.
Migration of people from the affected areas to different parts of the world
Correct Answer
D. Migration of people from the affected areas to different parts of the worldExplanation
The migration of people from the affected areas to different parts of the world was a common cause of the epidemic of the 1918 Spanish influenza. This is supported by the statement that some writers believe the epidemic originated in the Orient (Asia) and that the disease was mentioned as occurring along the eastern front in 1917. The movement of people from these areas would have facilitated the spread of the virus to different parts of the world, leading to the widespread outbreak of the Spanish influenza.Rate this question:
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