Neoclassicismo: Febre Romana

The advancement of neoclassicism was motivated by the ideas of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was a philosophical and intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and progress. Neoclassicism, as an artistic and architectural style, drew inspiration from the classical civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome, which were also admired during the Enlightenment. Neoclassical artists and thinkers believed that by emulating the rationality, balance, and harmony of classical art and architecture, they could create a more perfect and enlightened society. Therefore, the ideas of the Enlightenment were a significant driving force behind the rise of neoclassicism.

Neoclassicism emerged to revive the values of Greco-Roman art. Neoclassical artists sought inspiration from the art and culture of ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing simplicity, order, and rationality. They admired the classical ideals of balance, harmony, and proportion, which they believed had been lost during the Modern and Baroque periods. Neoclassicism aimed to revive the classical aesthetic and moral values, rejecting the excesses and irregularities of the previous artistic styles.

The correct answer is Neoclássica. The passage states that artists from the French Institute, who were at the forefront of the time, were hired to create the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in Brazil. These artists established a school that followed the artistic aesthetic of Neoclassicism.

The correct answer is "Uma arte acadêmica." The explanation for this is that neoclassicism was a movement that aimed to revive the aesthetic and cultural values of ancient civilizations, particularly Greece and Rome. Neoclassical art was characterized by its adherence to academic rules and principles, emphasizing clarity, order, and rationality. It sought to create artworks that were based on classical models and ideals, and it was often associated with the academic institutions and academies of art.

The presence of the Portuguese royal family in Brazil in 1808 led to the arrival of the French Artistic Mission in 1816 because the neoclassical style brought by the French artists represented the ideal model of civilization according to the standards of the European ruling class. The Portuguese government wanted to convey this image of Brazil at that time.

A Revolução Francesa e a ascensão da burguesia proporcionaram um ambiente propício para o fortalecimento da Arte neoclássica. Isso se deve ao fato de que o estilo neoclássico estava fundamentado nos ideais de racionalidade do Iluminismo, que eram valorizados pela burguesia e também estavam em consonância com os princípios revolucionários. Portanto, a Arte neoclássica encontrou um público receptivo e um contexto favorável para se desenvolver durante esse período.

O Neoclassicismo enfrentou a reação protagonizada pelo Romantismo, que valorizava a moderação e a ordem, características que os artistas neoclássicos ignoraram. O Romantismo trouxe uma abordagem mais emocional e individualista para a arte, contrastando com a busca dos neoclássicos por formas equilibradas e ideais de beleza clássica. Portanto, essa afirmação está correta ao destacar a oposição entre os dois movimentos artísticos.

The main aspects that can be identified in neoclassical architecture are columns, domes, pediments, arches, and vaults. Neoclassical architecture follows the model of Greco-Roman temples, and these elements are characteristic of that style. They represent a return to the classical architectural forms and principles of ancient Greece and Rome. The use of columns, domes, pediments, arches, and vaults in neoclassical architecture helps to create a sense of grandeur, symmetry, and proportionality, which are important aspects of this architectural style.

Debret documentou os aspectos observados no Brasil durante a missão artística francesa através da obra "Viagem pitoresca e histórica ao Brasil".

The passage states that some artists produced numerous works that were "servile copies of ancient models," which means they closely imitated the classical tradition without adding any originality or innovation. Among the given options, "Perseu com a cabeça de Medusa" can be considered a servile copy because it depicts a well-known mythological figure from ancient Greece (Perseus) holding the decapitated head of Medusa, a common subject in classical art.

The correct answer is "Necessidade econômica e a sua intervenção nos traçados das construções públicas." This answer suggests that the neoclassical artists revolutionized art in the social environment by incorporating economic needs and their influence on the design of public buildings. This implies that the artists were conscious of the economic factors and practical considerations in their artistic creations, which was a departure from previous artistic movements.

No explanation is available.