AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (Part 2)

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  • 1/70 Questions

    AWS CIoudFormation is a service that helps you model and set up your Amazon Web Services resources so that you can spend less time managing those resources and more time focusing on your applications that run in AWS. You create a template that describes all the AWS resources that you want (like Amazon EC2 instances or Amazon RDS DB instances), and AWS CIoudFormation takes care of provisioning and configuring those resources for you. What formatting is required for this template?    

    • JSON-formatted document 
    • CSS-formatted document 
    • XML-formatted document
    • HTML-formatted document 
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About This Quiz

This quiz prepares for the AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate exam, focusing on key aspects like security features, data processing capabilities, and specific AWS services such as EMR and RDS. It assesses understanding of AWS infrastructure and best practices.

AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (Part 2) - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What does Amazon DynamoDB provide? 

    • A predictable and scalable MySQL database 

    • A fast and reliable PL/SQL database cluster 

    • A standalone Cassandra database, managed by Amazon Web Services 

    • A fast, highly scalable managed NoSQL database service 

    Correct Answer
    A. A fast, highly scalable managed NoSQL database service 
    Explanation
    Amazon DynamoDB is a managed NoSQL database service offered by Amazon. It automatically manages tasks like scalability for you while it provides high availability and durability for your data, allowing you to concentrate in other aspects of your application. Reference: check link - https://aws.amazon.com/running_databases/

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  • 3. 

    You are very concerned about security on your network because you have multiple programmers testing APIs and SDKs and you have no idea what is happening. You think C|oudTrai| may help but are not sure what it does. Which of the following statements best describes the AWS service CIoudTraiI? 

    • With AWS CIoudTraiI you can get a history of AWS API calls and related events for your account

    •  With AWS CIoudTraiI you can get a history of IAM users for your account.  

    •  With AWS CIoudTraiI you can get a history of S3 Iogfiles for your account. 

    •  With AWS CIoudTraiI you can get a history of CIoudFormation JSON scripts used for your account.   

    Correct Answer
    A. With AWS CIoudTraiI you can get a history of AWS API calls and related events for your account
    Explanation
    With AWS CIoudTraiI, you can get a history of AWS API calls for your account, including API calls made via the AWS IV|anagement Console, the AWS SDKs, the command line tools, and higher-level AWS services. You can also identify which users and accounts called AWS APIs for services that support CIoudTraiI, the source IP address the calls were made from, and when the calls occurred. You can identify which users and accounts called AWS for services that support CIoudTraiI, the source IP address the calls were made from, and when the calls occurred. You can integrate CIoudTraiI into applications using the API, automate trail creation for your organization, check the status of your trails, and control how administrators turn CIoudTraiI logging on and off.

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  • 4. 

    Amazon RDS provides high availability and failover support for DB instances using . 

    • Customized deployments 

    • Appstream customizations 

    • Log events 

    • MuIti-AZ deployments 

    Correct Answer
    A. MuIti-AZ deployments 
    Explanation
    Amazon RDS provides high availability and failover support for DB instances using MuIti-AZ deployments. MuIti-AZ deployments for Oracle, PostgreSQL, MySQL, and MariaDB DB instances use Amazon technology, while SQL Server DB instances use SQL Server Mrroring. Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/Concepts.IV|u|tiAZ.htmI

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  • 5. 

    Does AWS CIoudFormation support Amazon EC2 tagging? 

    • Yes, AWS CIoudFormation supports Amazon EC2 tagging 

    •  No, CIoudFormation doesn't support any tagging 

    • No, it doesn't support Amazon EC2 tagging.

    •  It depends if the Amazon EC2 tagging has been defined in the template. 

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes, AWS CIoudFormation supports Amazon EC2 tagging 
    Explanation
    In AWS CIoudFormation, Amazon EC2 resources that support the tagging feature can also be tagged in an AWS template. The tag values can refer to template parameters, other resource names, resource attribute values (e.g. addresses), or values computed by simple functions (e.g., a concatenated list of strings).

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  • 6. 

    Amazon S3 allows you to set per-file permissions to grant read and/or write access. However you have decided that you want an entire bucket with 100 files already in it to be accessible to the public. You don't want to go through 100 files indMdually and set permissions. What would be the best way to do this?    

    •  Move the bucket to a new region 

    • Add a bucket policy to the bucket. 

    • Move the files to a new bucket. 

    • Use Amazon EBS instead of S3 

    Correct Answer
    A. Add a bucket policy to the bucket. 
    Explanation
    Amazon S3 supports several mechanisms that give you filexibility to control who can access your data as well as how, when, and where they can access it. Amazon S3 provides four different access control mechanisms: AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies, Access Control Lists (ACLs), bucket policies, and query string authentication. IAM enables organizations to create and manage multiple users under a single AWS account. With IAM policies, you can grant IAM users fine-grained control to your Amazon S3 bucket or objects. You can use ACLs to selectively add (grant) certain permissions on indMdual objects. Amazon S3 bucket policies can be used to add or deny permissions across some or all of the objects within a single bucket. With Query string authentication, you have the ability to share Amazon S3 objects through URLs that are valid for a specified period of time.

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  • 7. 

    Select a true statement about Amazon EC2 Security Groups (EC2-Classic).  

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can change its security groups only once.  

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can only add rules to a security group. 

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you cannot add or remove rules from a security group

    Correct Answer
    A. After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups
    Explanation
    After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups. However, you can add rules to or remove rules from a security group, and those changes are automatically applied to all instances that are associated with the security group.

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  • 8. 

    Which one of the below is not an AWS Storage Service? 

    • Amazon S3 

    •  Amazon Glacier 

    • Amazon CIoudFront 

    • Amazon EBS 

    Correct Answer
    A. Amazon CIoudFront 
    Explanation
    AWS Storage Services are:
    Amazon S3
    Amazon Glacier
    Amazon EBS
    AWS Storage Gateway

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  • 9. 

    After setting up an EC2 security group with a cluster of 20 EC2 instances, you find an error in the security group settings. You quickly make changes to the security group settings. When will the changes to the settings be effective? 

    •  The settings will be effective immediately for all the instances in the security group.  

    •  The settings will be effective only when all the instances are restarted. 

    •  The settings will be effective for all the instances only after 30 minutes. 

    • The settings will be effective only for the new instances added to the security group

    Correct Answer
    A.  The settings will be effective immediately for all the instances in the security group.  
    Explanation
    Amazon Redshift applies changes to a cluster security group immediately. So if you have associated the cluster security group with a cluster, inbound cluster access rules in the updated cluster security group apply immediately.

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  • 10. 

    You are signed in as root user on your account but there is an Amazon S3 bucket under your account that you cannot access. What is a possible reason for this?   

    • An IAM user assigned a bucket policy to an Amazon S3 bucket and didn't specify the root user as a principal 

    • The S3 bucket is full. 

    • The S3 bucket has reached the maximum number of objects allowed. 

    •  You are in the wrong availability zone 

    Correct Answer
    A. An IAM user assigned a bucket policy to an Amazon S3 bucket and didn't specify the root user as a principal 
    Explanation
    With IAM, you can centrally manage users, security credentials such as access keys, and permissions that control which AWS resources users can access. In some cases, you might have an IAM user with full access to IAM and Amazon S3. If the IAM user assigns a bucket policy to an Amazon S3 bucket and doesn't specify the root user as a principal, the root user is denied access to that bucket. However, as the root user, you can still access the bucket by modifying the bucket policy to allow root user access.

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  • 11. 

    You need to create an Amazon Machine Image (AM) for a customer for an application which does not appear to be part of the standard AWS AM template that you can see in the AWS console. What are the alternative possibilities for creating an AM on AWS? 

    • You can purchase an AMs from a third party but cannot create your own AM.  

    • You can purchase an AMIs from a third party or can create your own AMI.  

    •  Only AWS can create AMIs and you need to wait till it becomes available. 

    •  Only AWS can create AMIs and you need to request them to create one for you.   

    Correct Answer
    A. You can purchase an AMIs from a third party or can create your own AMI.  
    Explanation
    You can purchase an AMIs from a third party, including AMIs that come with service contracts from organizations such as Red Hat. You can also create an AMI and sell it to other Amazon

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  • 12. 

    What does the following policy for Amazon EC2 do? { "Statement":[{ "Effect":"AI|ow",   "Action":"ec2:Describe*",   "Resource":"*" II } 

    • Allow users to use actions that start with "Describe" over all the EC2 resources. 

    • Share an AMI with a partner 

    •  Share an AMI within the account 

    •  Allow a group to only be able to describe, run, stop, start, and terminate instances 

    Correct Answer
    A. Allow users to use actions that start with "Describe" over all the EC2 resources. 
    Explanation
    You can use IAM policies to control the actions that your users can perform against your EC2 resources. For instance, a policy with the following statement will allow users to perform actions whose name start with "Describe" against all your EC2 resources.
    {
    "Statement":[{
    "Effect":"AI|ow",
    "Action":"ec2:Describe*",
    "Resource":"*"
    }l
    }
    Reference
    http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/UsingIAM.htmI

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  • 13. 

    A user wants to achieve High Availability with PostgreSQL D B. Which of the below mentioned functionalities helps achieve HA? 

    • Mu|ti AZ 

    • Read Replica 

    • Multi region 

    •  PostgreSQL does not support HA 

    Correct Answer
    A. Mu|ti AZ 
    Explanation
    The Multi AZ feature allows the user to achieve High Availability. For Multi AZ, Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a synchronous "standby" replica in a different Availability

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  • 14. 

    While creating an Amazon RDS DB, your first task is to set up a DB that controls which IP address or EC2 instance can access your DB Instance.   

    • Security token pool 

    •  security token 

    •  security pool 

    •  security group

    Correct Answer
    A.  security group
    Explanation
    While creating an Amazon RDS DB, your first task is to set up a DB Security Group that controls what IP addresses or EC2 instances have access to your DB Instance.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)?    

    • It can be used to launch as many or as few virtual servers as you need.  

    •  It increases the need to forecast traffic by providing dynamic IP addresses for static cloud computing

    •  It eliminates your need to invest in hardware up front, so you can develop and deploy applications faster. 

    •  It offers scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. 

    Correct Answer
    A.  It increases the need to forecast traffic by providing dynamic IP addresses for static cloud computing
    Explanation
    Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provides scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. Using Amazon EC2 eliminates your need to invest in hardware up front, so you can develop and deploy applications faster. You can use Amazon EC2 to launch as many or as few virtual servers as you need, configure security and networking, and manage storage. Amazon EC2 enables you to scale up or down to handle changes in requirements or spikes in popularity, reducing your need to forecast traffic.

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  • 16. 

    A user is planning to make a mobile game which can be played online or offline and will be hosted on EC2. The user wants to ensure that if someone breaks the highest score or they achieve some milestone they can inform all their colleagues through email. Which of the below mentioned AWS services helps achieve this goal?   

    • AWS Simple Workflow Service. 

    •  AWS Simple Email Service. 

    •  Amazon Cognito 

    • AWS Simple Queue Service. 

    Correct Answer
    A.  AWS Simple Email Service. 
    Explanation
    Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) is a highly scalable and cost-effective emailsending service for businesses and developers. It integrates with other AWS services, making it easy to send emails from applications that are hosted on AWS.

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  • 17. 

    A user has deployed an application on his private cloud. The user is using his own monitoring tool. He wants to configure it so that whenever there is an error, the monitoring tool will notify him via SMS. Which of the below mentioned AWS services will help in this scenario?  

    •  AWS SES

    •  AWS SNS 

    • None because the user infrastructure is in the private cloud. 

    •  AWS SMS 

    Correct Answer
    A.  AWS SNS 
    Explanation
    Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) is a fast, filexible, and fully managed push messaging service. Amazon SNS can be used to make push notifications to mobile devices. Amazon SNS can deliver notifications by SMS text message or email to the Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) queues or to any HTTP endpoint. In this case user can use the SNS apis to send SMS.

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  • 18. 

    You are setting up your first Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) so you decide to use the VPC wizard in the AWS console to help make it easier for you. Which of the following statements is correct regarding instances that you launch into a default subnet via the VPC wizard?    

    • Nstances that you launch into a default subnet receive a public IP address and 10 private IP addresses. 

    • Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive both a public IP address and a private IP address

    • Instances that you launch into a default subnet don't receive any ip addresses and you need to define them manually. 

    •  Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive a public IP address and 5 private IP addresses

    Correct Answer
    A. Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive both a public IP address and a private IP address
    Explanation
    Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive both a public IP address and a private IP address. Instances in a default subnet also receive both public and private DNS hostnames. Instances that you launch into a nondefault subnet in a default VPC don't receive a public IP address or a DNS hostname. You can change your subnet's default public IP addressing behavior

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  • 19. 

    An existing client comes to you and says that he has heard that launching instances into a VPC (virtual private cloud) is a better strategy than launching instances into a EC2-classic which he knows is what you currently do. You suspect that he is correct and he has asked you to do some research about this and get back to him. Which of the following statements is true in regards to what ability launching your instances into a VPC instead of EC2-Classic gives you? 

    • All of the things listed here

    • Change security group membership for your instances while they're running 

    • Assign static private IP addresses to your instances that persist across starts and stops 

    • Define network interfaces, and attach one or more network interfaces to your instances 

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the things listed here
    Explanation
    By launching your instances into a VPC instead of EC2-Classic, you gain the ability to: Assign static private IP addresses to your instances that persist across starts and stops Assign multiple IP addresses to your instances Define network interfaces, and attach one or more network interfaces to your instances Change security group membership for your instances while they're running Control the outbound traffic from your instances (egress filtering) in addition to controlling the inbound traffic to them (ingress filtering) Add an additional layer of access control to your instances in the form of network access control lists (ACL) Run your instances on single-tenant hardware

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  • 20. 

    In Amazon EC2, if your EBS volume stays in the detaching state, you can force the detachment by clicking . 

    • Force Detach 

    •  Detach Instance 

    • AttachVoIume 

    • Attachlnstance 

    Correct Answer
    A. Force Detach 
    Explanation
    If your volume stays in the detaching state, you can force the detachment by clicking Force Detach.

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  • 21. 

    You need to set up a high level of security for an Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) you have just built in order to protect the confidential information stored in it. What are all the possible security groups that RDS uses? 

    • DB security groups, VPC security groups, and EC2 security groups

    •  DB security groups only. 

    • EC2 security groups only. 

    • VPC security groups, and EC2 security groups. 

    Correct Answer
    A. DB security groups, VPC security groups, and EC2 security groups
    Explanation
    A security group controls the access to a DB instance. It does so by allowing access to IP address ranges or Amazon EC2 instances that you specify. Amazon RDS uses DB security groups, VPC security groups, and EC2 security groups. In simple terms, a DB security group controls access to a DB instance that is not in a VPC, a VPC security group controls access to a DB instance inside a VPC, and an Amazon EC2 security group controls access to an EC2 instance and can be used with a DB instance.

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  • 22. 

    Name the disk storage supported by Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

    • None of these 

    • Amazon AppStream store 

    • Amazon SNS store 

    • Amazon Instance Store   

    Correct Answer
    A. Amazon Instance Store   
    Explanation
    Amazon EC2 supports the following storage options: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Amazon EC2 Instance Store Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)

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  • 23. 

    You have a number of image files to encode. In an Amazon SQS worker queue, you create an Amazon SQS message for each file specifying the command (jpeg-encode) and the location of the file in Amazon S3. Which of the following statements best describes the functionality of Amazon SQS?    

    • Amazon SQS is a distributed queuing system that is optimized for horizontal scalability, not for single-threaded sending or receMng speeds

    • Amazon SQS is for single-threaded sending or receMng speeds. 

    • Amazon SQS is a non-distributed queuing system. 

    • Amazon SQS is a distributed queuing system that is optimized for vertical scalability and for single-threaded sending or receMng speeds. 

    Correct Answer
    A. Amazon SQS is a distributed queuing system that is optimized for horizontal scalability, not for single-threaded sending or receMng speeds
    Explanation
    Amazon SQS is a distributed queuing system that is optimized for horizontal scalability, not for single-threaded sending or receMng speeds. A single client can send or receive Amazon SQS messages at a rate of about 5 to 50 messages per second. Higher receive performance can be achieved by requesting multiple messages (up to 10) in a single call. It may take several seconds before a message that has been to a queue is available to be received.

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  • 24. 

    You have set up an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) with the usual default settings, which route each request independently to the application instance with the smallest load. However, someone has asked you to bind a user's session to a specific application instance so as to ensure that all requests coming from the user during the session will be sent to the same application instance. AWS has a feature to do this. What is it called? 

    • Connection draining 

    •  Proxy protocol 

    • Tagging

    • Sticky session 

    Correct Answer
    A. Sticky session 
    Explanation
    An Elastic Load BaIancer(ELB) by default, routes each request independently to the application instance with the smallest load. However, you can use the sticky session feature (also known as session affinity), which enables the load balancer to bind a user's session to a specific application instance. This ensures that all requests coming from the user during the session will be sent to the same application instance. The key to managing the sticky session is determining how long your load balancer should consistently route the user's request to the same application instance. If your application has its own session cookie, then you can set Elastic Load Balancing to create the session cookie to follow the duration specified by the appIication's session cookie. If your application does not have its own session cookie, then you can set Elastic Load Balancing to create a session cookie by specifying your own stickiness duration. You can associate stickiness duration for only HTTP/HTTPS load balancer listeners. An application instance must always receive and send two cookies: A cookie that defines the stickiness duration and a special Elastic Load Balancing cookie named AWSELB, that has the mapping to the application instance.

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  • 25. 

    You want to use AWS Import/Export to send data from your S3 bucket to several of your branch offices. What should you do if you want to send 10 storage units to AWS?    

    • Make sure your disks are encrypted prior to shipping

    • Make sure you format your disks prior to shipping. 

    • Make sure your disks are 1TB or more. 

    • Make sure you submit a separate job request for each device. 

    Correct Answer
    A. Make sure you submit a separate job request for each device. 
    Explanation
    When using Amazon Import/Export, a separate job request needs to be submitted for each physical device even if they belong to the same import or export job. Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSImportExport/latest/DG/Concepts.html

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  • 26. 

    A user needs to run a batch process which runs for 10 minutes. This will only be run once, or at maximum twice, in the next month, so the processes will be temporary only. The process needs 15 X-Large instances. The process downloads the code from S3 on each instance when it is launched, and then generates a temporary log file. Once the instance is terminated, all the data will be lost. Which of the below mentioned pricing models should the user choose in this case? 

    • Spot instance. 

    • Reserved instance. 

    • On-demand instance. 

    • EBS optimized instance

    Correct Answer
    A. Spot instance. 
    Explanation
    In Amazon Web Services, the spot instance is useful when the user wants to run a process temporarily. The spot instance can terminate the instance if the other user outbids the existing bid. In this case all storage is temporary and the data is not required to be persistent. Thus, the spot instance is a good option to save money.

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  • 27. 

    A user is aware that a huge download is occurring on his instance. He has already set the Auto Scaling policy to increase the instance count when the network I/O increases beyond a certain limit. How can the user ensure that this temporary event does not result in scaling? 

    •  The network I/O are not affected during data download 

    • The policy cannot be set on the network I/O 

    • There is no way the user can stop scaling as it is already configured

    • Suspend scaling 

    Correct Answer
    A. Suspend scaling 
    Explanation
    The user may want to stop the automated scaling processes on the Auto Scaling groups either to perform manual operations or during emergency situations. To perform this, the user can suspend one or more scaling processes at any time. Once it is completed, the user can resume all the suspended processes

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following strategies can be used to control access to your Amazon EC2 instances? 

    • DB security groups 

    •  IAM policies 

    •  None of these 

    •  EC2 security groups 

    Correct Answer
    A.  EC2 security groups 
    Explanation
    IAM policies allow you to specify what actions your IAM users are allowed to perform against your EC2 Instances. However, when it comes to access control, security groups are what you need in order to define and control the way you want your instances to be accessed, and whether or not certain kind of communications are allowed or not.

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  • 29. 

    You have been storing massive amounts of data on Amazon Glacier for the past 2 years and now start to wonder if there are any limitations on this. What is the correct answer to your question?    

    • The total volume of data is limited but the number of archives you can store are unlimited.

    •  The total volume of data is unlimited but the number of archives you can store are limited. 

    • The total volume of data and number of archives you can store are unlimited.  

    • The total volume of data is limited and the number of archives you can store are limited. 

    Correct Answer
    A. The total volume of data and number of archives you can store are unlimited.  
    Explanation
    An archive is a durably stored block of information. You store your data in Amazon Glacier as archives. You may upload a single file as an archive, but your costs will be lower if you aggregate your data. TAR and ZIP are common formats that customers use to aggregate multiple files into a single file before uploading to Amazon Glacier. The total volume of data and number of archives you can store are unlimited. IndMdual Amazon Glacier archives can range in size from 1 byte to 40 terabytes. The largest archive that can be uploaded in a single upload request is 4 gigabytes. For items larger than 100 megabytes, customers should consider using the MuItipart upload capability.

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  • 30. 

    You need to measure the performance of your EBS volumes as they seem to be under performing. You have come up with a measurement of 1, 024 KB I/O but your colleague tells you that EBS volume performance is measured in IOPS. How many IOPS is equal to 1, 024 KB I/O?    

    • 16

    • 256

    • 8

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 4
    Explanation
    Several factors can affect the performance of Amazon EBS volumes, such as instance configuration, I/O characteristics, workload demand, and storage configuration. IOPS are input/output operations per second. Amazon EBS measures each I/O operation per second (that is 256 KB or smaller) as one IOPS. I/O operations that are larger than 256 KB are counted in 256 KB capacity units. For example, a 1, 024 KB I/O operation would count as 4 IOPS. When you provision a 4, 000 IOPS volume and attach it to an EBS-optimized instance that can provide the necessary bandwidth, you can transfer up to 4, 000 chunks of data per second (provided that the I/O does not exceed the 128 MB/s per volume throughput limit of General Purpose (SSD) and Provisioned IOPS (SSD) volumes). Reference: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EBSPerformance.htmI

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  • 31. 

    Having set up a website to automatically be redirected to a backup website if it fails, you realize that there are different types of failovers that are possible. You need all your resources to be available the majority of the time. Using Amazon Route 53 which configuration would best suit this requirement?    

    • Active-active failover

    •  None. Route 53 can't failover

    • Active-passive failover

    •  Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations

    Correct Answer
    A. Active-active failover
    Explanation
    You can set up a variety of failover configurations using Amazon Route 53 alias: weighted, latency, geolocation routing, and failover resource record sets. Active-active failover: Use this failover configuration when you want all of your resources to be

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  • 32. 

    You need to change some settings on Amazon Relational Database Service but you do not want the database to reboot immediately which you know might happen depending on the setting that you change. Which of the following will cause an immediate DB instance reboot to occur?    

    •  You change storage type from standard to PIOPS, and Apply Immediately is set to true.  

    • You change the DB instance class, and Apply Immediately is set to false

    •  You change a static parameter in a DB parameter group. 

    • You change the backup retention period for a DB instance from 0 to a nonzero value or from a nonzero value to 0, and Apply Immediately is set to false. 

    Correct Answer
    A.  You change storage type from standard to PIOPS, and Apply Immediately is set to true.  
    Explanation
    A DB instance outage can occur when a DB instance is rebooted, when the DB instance is put into a state that prevents access to it, and when the database is restarted. A reboot can occur when you manually reboot your DB instance or when you change a DB instance setting that requires a reboot before it can take effect. A DB instance reboot occurs immediately when one of the following occurs: You change the backup retention period for a DB instance from 0 to a nonzero value or from a nonzero value to 0 and set Apply Immediately to true. You change the DB instance class, and Apply Immediately is set to true. You change storage type from standard to PIOPS, and Apply Immediately is set to true. A DB instance reboot occurs during the maintenance window when one of the following occurs:

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  • 33. 

    You have just set up a large site for a client which involved a huge database which you set up with Amazon RDS to run as a Mu|ti-AZ deployment. You now start to worry about what will happen if the database instance fails. Which statement best describes how this database will function if there is a database failure? 

    • Updates to your DB Instance are synchronously replicated across Availability Zones to the standby in order to keep both in sync and protect your latest database updates against DB Instance failure. 

    • Your database will not resume operation without manual administrative intervention.

    • Updates to your DB Instance are asynchronously replicated across Availability Zones to the standby in order to keep both in sync and protect your latest database updates against DB Instance failure. 

    • Updates to your DB Instance are synchronously replicated across S3 to the standby in order to keep both in sync and protect your latest database updates against DB Instance failure. 

    Correct Answer
    A. Updates to your DB Instance are synchronously replicated across Availability Zones to the standby in order to keep both in sync and protect your latest database updates against DB Instance failure. 
    Explanation
    Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) is a managed service that makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity, while managing time-consuming database administration tasks, freeing you up to focus on your applications and business. When you create or modify your DB Instance to run as a MuIti-AZ deployment, Amazon RDS automatically provisions and maintains a synchronous "standby" replica in a different Availability Zone. Updates to your DB Instance are synchronously replicated across Availability Zones to the standby in order to keep both in sync and protect your latest database updates against DB Instance failure. During certain types of planned maintenance, or in the unlikely event of DB Instance failure or Availability Zone failure, Amazon RDS will automatically failover to the standby so that you can resume database writes and reads as soon as the standby is promoted. Since the name record for your DB Instance remains the same, you application can resume database operation without the need for manual administrative intervention. With Mu|ti-AZ deployments, replication is transparent: you do not interact directly with the standby, and it cannot be used to serve read traffic. If you are using Amazon RDS for MySQL and are looking to scale read traffic beyond the capacity constraints of a single DB Instance, you can deploy one or more Read Replicas.

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  • 34. 

    A user has set up the CIoudWatch alarm on the CPU utilization metric at 50%, with a time interval of 5 minutes and 10 periods to monitor. What will be the state of the alarm at the end of 90 minutes, if the CPU utilization is constant at 80%?   

    • ALERT 

    • ALARM 

    •  OK 

    •  INSUFFICIENT_DATA 

    Correct Answer
    A. ALARM 
    Explanation
    In this case the alarm watches a metric every 5 minutes for 10 intervals. Thus, it needs at least 50 minutes to come to the "OK" state. Till then it will be in the |NSUFFUCIENT_DATA state. Since 90 minutes have passed and CPU utilization is at 80% constant, the state of alarm will be "ALARNI".

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  • 35. 

    A major customer has asked you to set up his AWS infrastructure so that it will be easy to recover in the case of a disaster of some sort. Which of the following is important when thinking about being able to quickly launch resources in AWS to ensure business continuity in case of a disaster?    

    •  Create and maintain AM|s of key sewers where fast recovery is required.  

    •  Regularly run your sewers, test them, and apply any software updates and configuration changes

    •  All items listed here are important when thinking about disaster recovery. 

    • Ensure that you have all supporting custom software packages available in AWS. 

    Correct Answer
    A.  All items listed here are important when thinking about disaster recovery. 
    Explanation
    In the event of a disaster to your AWS infrastructure you should be able to quickly launch resources in Amazon Web Services (AWS) to ensure business continuity. The following are some key steps you should have in place for preparation:

    1. Set up Amazon EC2 instances to replicate or mirror data. 2. Ensure that you have all supporting custom software packages available in AWS. 3. Create and maintain AMIs of key servers where fast recovery is required. 4. Regularly run these servers, test them, and apply any software updates and configuration changes. 5. Consider automating the provisioning of AWS resources.

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  • 36. 

    You are setting up a very complex financial services grid and so far it has 5 Elastic IP (EIP) addresses. You go to assign another EIP address, but all accounts are limited to 5 Elastic IP addresses per region by default, so you aren't able to. What is the reason for this?    

    • For security reasons

    • Hardware restrictions. 

    •  Public (IPV4) internet addresses are a scarce resource

    • There are only 5 network interfaces per instance. 

    Correct Answer
    A.  Public (IPV4) internet addresses are a scarce resource
    Explanation
    Public (IPV4) internet addresses are a scarce resource. There is only a limited amount of public IP space available, and Amazon EC2 is committed to helping use that space efficiently. By default, all accounts are limited to 5 Elastic IP addresses per region. If you need more than 5 Elastic IP addresses, AWS asks that you apply for your limit to be raised. They will ask you to think through your use case and help them understand your need for additional addresses. Reference: http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/#How_many_instances_can_I_run_in_Amazon_EC2

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  • 37. 

    What would be the best way to retrieve the public IP address of your EC2 instance using the CLI?    

    • Using tags 

    •  Using traceroute 

    •  Using ipconfig 

    • Using instance metadata 

    Correct Answer
    A. Using instance metadata 
    Explanation
    To determine your instance's public IP address from within the instance, you can use instance metadat

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  • 38. 

    You decide that you need to create a number of Auto Scaling groups to try and save some money as you have noticed that at certain times most of your EC2 instances are not being used. By default, what is the maximum number of Auto Scaling groups that AWS will allow you to create?    

    • 12

    • Unlimited 

    • 20

    • 2

    Correct Answer
    A. 20
    Explanation
    Auto Scaling is an AWS service that allows you to increase or decrease the number of EC2 instances within your appIication's architecture. With Auto Scaling, you create collections of EC2 instances, called Auto Scaling groups. You can create these groups from scratch, or from existing EC2 instances that are already in production

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  • 39. 

    A user is accessing an EC2 instance on the SSH port for IP 10.20.30.40. Which one is a secure way to configure that the instance can be accessed only from this IP?    

    •  In the security group, open port 22 for IP 10.20.30.40 

    • In the security group, open port 22 for IP 10.20.30.40/32

    • In the security group, open port 22 for IP 10.20.30.40/24  

    • In the security group, open port 22 for IP 10.20.30.40/0 

    Correct Answer
    A. In the security group, open port 22 for IP 10.20.30.40/32
    Explanation
    In AWS EC2, while configuring a security group, the user needs to specify the IP address in CIDR notation. The CIDR IP range 10.20.30.40/32 says it is for a single IP 10.20.30.40. If the user specifies the IP as 10.20.30.40 only, the security group will not accept and ask it in a CIRD format.

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  • 40. 

    An accountant asks you to design a small VPC network for him and, due to the nature of his business, just needs something where the workload on the network will be low, and dynamic data will be accessed infrequently. Being an accountant, low cost is also a major factor. Which EBS volume type would best suit his requirements?   

    • Magnetic 

    • Any, as they all perform the same and cost the same. 

    • General Purpose (SSD) 

    • Magnetic or Provisioned IOPS (SSD) 

    Correct Answer
    A. Magnetic 
    Explanation
    You can choose between three EBS volume types to best meet the needs of their workloads: General Purpose (SSD), Provisioned IOPS (SSD), and Magnetic. General Purpose (SSD) is the new, SSD-backed, general purpose EBS volume type that we recommend as the default choice for customers. General Purpose (SSD) volumes are suitable for a broad range of workloads, including small to medium sized databases, development and test environments, and boot volumes. Provisioned IOPS (SSD) volumes offer storage with consistent and low-latency performance, and are designed for I/O intensive applications such as large relational or NoSQL databases. Magnetic volumes provide the lowest cost per gigabyte of all EBS volume types. Magnetic volumes are ideal for workloads where data is accessed infrequently, and applications where the lowest storage cost is important.

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  • 41. 

    You need to set up security for your VPC and you know that Amazon VPC provides two features that you can use to increase security for your VPC: security groups and network access control lists (ACLs). You have already looked into security groups and you are now trying to understand ACLs. Which statement below is incorrect in relation to ACLs?   

    • Supports allow rules and deny rules

    • Is stateful: Return traffic is automatically allowed, regardless of any rules.  

    •  Processes rules in number order when deciding whether to allow traffic. 

    •  Operates at the subnet level (second layer of defense). 

    Correct Answer
    A. Is stateful: Return traffic is automatically allowed, regardless of any rules.  
    Explanation
    Amazon VPC provides two features that you can use to increase security for your VPC: Security groups--Act as a firewall for associated Amazon EC2 instances, controlling both inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level Network access control lists (ACLs)--Act as a firewall for associated subnets, controlling both inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level Security groups are stateful: (Return traffic is automatically allowed, regardless of any rules) Network ACLs are stateless: (Return traffic must be explicitly allowed by rules)

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  • 42. 

    After setting up several database instances in Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) you decide that you need to track the performance and health of your databases. How can you do this? 

    •  Subscribe to Amazon RDS events to be notified when changes occur with a DB instance, DB snapshot, DB parameter group, or DB security group. 

    • Use the free Amazon CIoudWatch service to monitor the performance and health of a DB instance. 

    • All of the items listed will track the performance and health of a database.

    • View, download, or watch database log files using the Amazon RDS console or Amazon 

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the items listed will track the performance and health of a database.
    Explanation
    Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) is a web service that makes it easier to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient, resizeable capacity for an industry-standard relational database and manages common database administration tasks. There are several ways you can track the performance and health of a database or a DB instance. You can: Use the free Amazon CIoudWatch service to monitor the performance and health of a DB instance. Subscribe to Amazon RDS events to be notified when changes occur with a DB instance, DB snapshot, DB parameter group, or DB security group. View, download, or watch database log files using the Amazon RDS console or Amazon RDS APIs. You can also query some database log files that are loaded into database tables. Use the AWS CIoudTraiI service to record AWS calls made by your AWS account. The calls are recorded in log files and stored in an Amazon S3 bucket

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  • 43. 

    Select a true statement about Amazon EC2 Security Groups (EC2-Classic). 

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can change its security groups only once.  

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can only add rules to a security group. 

    • After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you cannot add or remove rules from a security group.   

    Correct Answer
    A. After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups
    Explanation
    After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can't change its security groups. However, you can add rules to or remove rules from a security group, and those changes are automatically applied to all instances that are associated with the security group.

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  • 44. 

    Select the correct statement: Within Amazon EC2, when using Linux instances, the device name /dev/sda1 is . 

    • Reserved for EBS volumes 

    • Recommended for EBS volumes 

    •  recommended for instance store volumes

    • Reserved for the root device 

    Correct Answer
    A. Reserved for the root device 
    Explanation
    Within Amazon EC2, when using a Linux instance, the device name /dev/sda1 is reserved for the root device.

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  • 45. 

    A user has created an application which will be hosted on EC2. The application makes calls to DynamoDB to fetch certain data. The application is using the DynamoDB SDK to connect with from the EC2 instance. Which of the below mentioned statements is true with respect to the best practice for security in this scenario? 

    • The user should create an IAM user with DynamoDB access and use its credentials within the application to connect with DynamoDB

    • The user should attach an IAM role with DynamoDB access to the EC2 instance

    • The user should create an IAM role, which has EC2 access so that it will allow deploying the application

    • The user should create an IAM user with DynamoDB and EC2 access. Attach the user with the application so that it does not use the root account credentials 

    Correct Answer
    A. The user should attach an IAM role with DynamoDB access to the EC2 instance
    Explanation
    With AWS IAM a user is creating an application which runs on an EC2 instance and makes requests to AWS, such as DynamoDB or S3 calls. Here it is recommended that the user should not create an IAM user and pass the user's credentials to the application or embed those credentials inside the application. Instead, the user should use roles for EC2 and give that role access to DynamoDB /S3. When the roles are attached to EC2, it will give temporary security credentials to the application hosted on that EC2, to connect with DynamoDB / S3.

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  • 46. 

    An organization has a statutory requirement to protect the data at rest for data stored in EBS volumes. Which of the below mentioned options can the organization use to achieve data protection?    

    •  Data replication

    • Data encryption

    • Data snapshot

    •  All the options listed here

    Correct Answer
    A.  All the options listed here
    Explanation
    For protecting the Amazon EBS data at REST, the user can use options, such as Data Encryption (Windows / Linux / third party based), Data Replication (AWS internally replicates data for redundancy), and Data Snapshot (for point in time backup).

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  • 47. 

    You are building a system to distribute confidential documents to employees. Using CIoudFront, what method could be used to serve content that is stored in S3, but not publically accessible from S3 directly?  

    • Add the CIoudFront account security group "amazon-cf/amazon-cf-sg" to the appropriate S3 bucket policy

    • Create a S3 bucket policy that lists the C|oudFront distribution ID as the Principal and the target bucket as the Amazon Resource Name (ARN). 

    • Create an Identity and Access Management (IAM) User for CIoudFront and grant access to the objects in your S3 bucket to that IAM User. 

    • Create an Origin Access Identity (OAI) for CIoudFront and grant access to the objects in your S3 bucket to that OAI

    Correct Answer
    A. Create an Origin Access Identity (OAI) for CIoudFront and grant access to the objects in your S3 bucket to that OAI
    Explanation
    You restrict access to Amazon S3 content by creating an origin access identity, which is a special CIoudFront user. You change Amazon S3 permissions to give the origin access identity permission to access your objects, and to remove permissions from everyone else. When your users access your Amazon S3 objects using CIoudFront URLs, the CIoudFront origin access identity gets the objects on your users' behalf. If your users try to access objects using Amazon S3 URLs, they're denied access. The origin access identity has permission to access objects in your Amazon S3 bucket, but users don't.

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  • 48. 

    You are in the process of building an online gaming site for a client and one of the requirements is that it must be able to process vast amounts of data easily. Which AWS Service would be very helpful in processing all this data? 

    • Amazon S3 

    • AWS Data Pipeline 

    • AWS Direct Connect 

    • Amazon EMR 

    Correct Answer
    A. Amazon EMR 
    Explanation
    Managing and analyzing high data volumes produced by online games platforms can be difficult. The back-end infrastructures of online games can be challenging to maintain and operate. Peak usage periods, multiple players, and high volumes of write operations are some of the most common problems that operations teams face. Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR) is a service that processes vast amounts of data easily. Input data can be retrieved from web server logs stored on Amazon S3 or from player data stored in Amazon DynamoDB tables to run analytics on player behavior, usage patterns, etc. Those results can be stored again on Amazon S3, or inserted in a relational database for further analysis with classic business intelligence tools. Reference: http://media.amazonwebservices.com/architecturecenter/AWS_ac_ra_games_10.pdf

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  • 49. 

    Which of the following statements is true of creating a launch configuration using an EC2 instance?    

    • The launch configuration can be created only using the Query APIs. 

    • Auto Scaling automatically creates a launch configuration directly from an EC2 instance. 

    •  A user should manually create a launch configuration before creating an Auto Scaling group. 

    •  The launch configuration should be created manually from the AWS CLI. 

    Correct Answer
    A. Auto Scaling automatically creates a launch configuration directly from an EC2 instance. 
    Explanation
    You can create an Auto Scaling group directly from an EC2 instance. When you use this feature, Auto Scaling automatically creates a launch configuration for you as well.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 20, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 22, 2018
    Quiz Created by
    Firezer

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