Philippine History (Quiz 2)

Explanation
The era of worldwide exploration and expansion occurred during the 15th and 16th centuries. This period is commonly known as the Age of Exploration, where European explorers embarked on voyages to discover new lands, establish colonies, and expand their empires. Prominent explorers such as Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Ferdinand Magellan made significant discoveries during this time. The exploration and expansion efforts during the 15th and 16th centuries had a profound impact on global trade, colonization, and cultural exchange.

Explanation
Ferdinand Magellan led the expedition for Spain to Moluccas by sailing west. He was a Portuguese explorer who was commissioned by the Spanish king to find a western route to the Spice Islands. Magellan's expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe, as they sailed westward, crossing the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Despite Magellan's death during the journey, his crew completed the expedition and returned to Spain, making him one of the most famous explorers in history.

Explanation
The fifth ship of Magellan is Trinidad.

Explanation
The first mass happened in the Philippines on March 31, 1521.

Explanation
The correct answer is troops of Lapu-lapu, Troops of Lapu lapu. This answer suggests that it was the troops of Lapu-lapu who killed Magellan. Lapu-lapu was a native chieftain in the Philippines who led his troops against the Spanish expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan. In the Battle of Mactan in 1521, Magellan was killed by Lapu-lapu's forces, marking a significant event in Philippine history.

Explanation
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi arrived in the Philippines with the intention of establishing a permanent settlement. This suggests that he had a long-term plan to establish a lasting presence in the region, rather than just visiting temporarily. Legaspi's arrival was significant because it marked the beginning of Spanish colonization in the Philippines, which lasted for over 300 years. His establishment of a permanent settlement laid the foundation for Spanish influence and control over the archipelago, shaping the history and culture of the Philippines for centuries to come.

Explanation
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi had a blood compact with Sikatuna, a chief of Bohol. The blood compact was a traditional ritual in which the participants would cut their wrists and mix their blood to symbolize friendship and alliance. This blood compact between Legaspi and Sikatuna was significant because it established a peaceful relationship between the Spanish colonizers and the indigenous people of Bohol. It was a gesture of trust and cooperation, laying the foundation for future interactions between the two groups.

Explanation
The Reduction Plan was a proposal made by Fr. Juan de Plasencia that aimed to relocate the native population to live in settlements near the church. This plan was implemented during the Spanish colonization of the Philippines as a means of converting the indigenous people to Christianity and exerting control over them. By gathering the natives in close proximity to the church, the Spanish authorities believed they could more effectively enforce their religious and political influence. The Reduction Plan was a significant aspect of the Spanish colonial policy and had a lasting impact on the social and cultural landscape of the Philippines.

Explanation
A governor-general is the official representative of a king or queen in a colonized country. They are appointed by the monarch and have the authority to govern and make decisions on behalf of the crown. The governor-general acts as a liaison between the colonized country and the ruling monarchy, representing the interests and policies of the king or queen. They have the power to enforce laws, appoint government officials, and make important decisions regarding the administration of the colony.

Explanation
A governor-general is the correct answer because they are appointed by the monarch as the representative and head of state in a colonized country. They hold the highest position in the government and have authority over the armed forces. As the commander-in-chief, they have control and responsibility for the military forces in the colonized country.

Explanation
The term "Audiencia Real" or "Royal Audiencia" refers to the supreme court of a colonized country. This court was established by the Spanish Crown in its colonies to administer justice and govern the territories. The Audiencia Real had the authority to hear appeals, resolve disputes, and make legal decisions. It played a crucial role in the colonial administration and was responsible for upholding Spanish laws and regulations in the colonies. The term "Audiencia Real" or "Royal Audiencia" is used to denote this specific institution in the colonial context.

Explanation
Residencia is a judicial institution led by the incoming governor-general and other Spanish officials. Its main purpose is to punish individuals found guilty of corruption. However, there is a provision for the convicted individuals to appeal to the King for clemency.

Explanation
A Visitador-general is a high-ranking official appointed by the King or the council of Indies in Spain to investigate and monitor the behavior and actions of high officials in the colonies. This position was created to ensure accountability and prevent abuse of power by colonial officials. The Visitador-general would conduct inspections, gather information, and report back to the King or council, providing oversight and ensuring that the interests of the crown were being upheld in the colony.

Explanation
Encomiendas were a system of rewards given by the Spaniards to individuals who helped in the pacification of a country. This system was commonly used during the Spanish colonization of the Americas. Encomiendas granted land and indigenous people to the recipients, who were responsible for their labor and tribute. This allowed the Spaniards to establish control over the indigenous population and exploit their resources. The encomiendas were a way for the Spanish colonizers to incentivize and reward those who assisted in the process of pacifying and subjugating the native inhabitants of the conquered territories.

Explanation
Encomienderos were individuals who were granted power by the Spanish crown to collect taxes, protect the indigenous population, and convert them to Catholicism. This system was established during the colonization of the Americas, and the encomienderos acted as intermediaries between the Spanish authorities and the native population. They were responsible for ensuring the smooth administration of the colonies and the conversion of the indigenous people to the Catholic faith. The encomienderos played a crucial role in the Spanish colonial system, exerting control over the native population and exploiting their labor and resources.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Alcaldia." The term "Alcaldia" refers to a governing body or office that is headed by an "Alcalde Mayor" in a pacified area. This suggests that the Alcaldia is responsible for the administration and governance of the specified region.

Explanation
The term "Corregimentos" refers to a system of governance in which unpacified areas are headed by Corregidors. These Corregidors are responsible for maintaining law and order, enforcing regulations, and ensuring the overall pacification of these areas. The Corregimentos system was particularly prevalent during the colonial era, where it played a crucial role in the administration of territories that were still undergoing pacification and control.

Explanation
The correct answer is Ayuntamiento. Ayuntamiento refers to a local government body in Spain and Latin American countries. It is typically headed by two alcaldes, who are the mayors or chief executives of the municipality. The Ayuntamiento is responsible for making decisions and governing the local community, including managing public services, implementing policies, and representing the interests of the residents.