The H‒O‒H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109.5° because of?

Lone pair – lone pair repulsion

Bond pair – bond pair repulsion

Lone pair – bond pair repulsion

High electronegativity of Oxygen

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| By 19erk79

19erk79

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Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 2,509

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 2,509 | Updated: Mar 22, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

The H‒O‒H bond angle in H₂O is 104.5° and not 109.5° because of?
- A.
  
  Bond pair – bond pair repulsion
- B.
  
  Lone pair – bond pair repulsion
- C.
  
  Lone pair – lone pair repulsion
- D.
  
  High electronegativity of Oxygen
Correct Answer
C. Lone pair – lone pair repulsion

Explanation
The H‒O‒H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109.5° because of lone pair - lone pair repulsion. The lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom repel each other, causing a greater distortion in the bond angles. This repulsion pushes the bonding pairs closer together, resulting in a smaller bond angle.

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2.

The shape of the molecules/ions depends on the number and nature of electron pairs surrounding the central metal atom/ions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement is true because the shape of molecules or ions is determined by the number and nature of electron pairs surrounding the central metal atom or ion. The arrangement of these electron pairs influences the overall shape of the molecule or ion. This concept is explained by the theory of molecular geometry, which considers the repulsion between electron pairs to determine the shape. Therefore, the number and nature of electron pairs play a crucial role in determining the shape of molecules or ions.

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3.

The central atom in a molecule has three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons. The shape of the molecule is
- A.
  
  Tetrahedral
- B.
  
  Trigonal
- C.
  
  Linear
- D.
  
  Trioganal bipyramidal
Correct Answer
B. Trigonal

Explanation
The central atom in a molecule with three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons will have a trigonal shape. In this shape, the bond pairs are arranged in a trigonal planar arrangement, with the lone pair occupying one of the positions. This results in a molecule with a trigonal shape, where the bond pairs and lone pair are as far apart as possible to minimize repulsion.

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4.

A chemical bond is formed due to:
- A.
  
  Minimize the energy
- B.
  
  To attain octet state
- C.
  
  Gain stability
- D.
  
  Decrease reactivity
- E.
  
  All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above

Explanation
A chemical bond is formed due to several factors. First, it helps to minimize the energy of the atoms involved by allowing them to share or transfer electrons. Second, it allows the atoms to attain a stable octet state, which is a configuration with eight electrons in the outermost energy level. This octet state provides stability to the atoms. Finally, forming a chemical bond can decrease the reactivity of the atoms involved, making them less likely to undergo chemical reactions. Therefore, all of the given options - minimizing energy, attaining octet state, gaining stability, and decreasing reactivity - contribute to the formation of a chemical bond.

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5.

Solutions of ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Ionic compounds are composed of ions, which are charged particles. When an ionic compound dissolves in water or any other solvent, the ions dissociate and become free to move. These free ions can carry an electric charge, allowing the solution to conduct electricity. Therefore, solutions of ionic compounds are good conductors of electricity.

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6.

The ability of a cation to polarise nearby anions is called________

Correct Answer
polarization power, polarization ability

Explanation
The ability of a cation to polarize nearby anions is referred to as polarization power or polarization ability. This refers to the cation's capacity to distort the electron cloud of the anions, causing them to become polarized and creating an uneven distribution of charge. This phenomenon is important in various chemical reactions and interactions, as it can affect the overall stability and reactivity of compounds.

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4 0
7.

The given "d" orbital is?
- A.
  
  Option 1
- B.
  
  Option 2
- C.
  
  Option 3
- D.
  
  Option 4
- E.
  
  Option 5
Correct Answer
D. Option 4

Explanation
Option 4 is the correct answer because the "d" orbital refers to a type of atomic orbital that can hold a maximum of 10 electrons. It is one of the five different types of orbitals (s, p, d, f, g) that describe the probability of finding an electron in a specific region around the nucleus of an atom. The "d" orbital has a more complex shape compared to the simpler "s" and "p" orbitals and is found in the third energy level and higher.

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8.

The given "d" orbital is ?
- A.
  
  Option 1
- B.
  
  Option 2
- C.
  
  Option 3
- D.
  
  Option 4
- E.
  
  Option 5
Correct Answer
E. Option 5
9.

The electron pairs available with the central metal atom/ion is?
- A.
  
  Bps =5, lps =0
- B.
  
  Bps =4, lps =1
- C.
  
  Bps =3, lps =2
- D.
  
  Bps =2, lps =3
Correct Answer
A. Bps =5, lps =0

Explanation
The electron pairs available with the central metal atom/ion is bps = 5, lps = 0. This means that there are 5 bonding pairs of electrons and 0 lone pairs of electrons around the central metal atom/ion.

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