Be B MSD Online MCQ Test

The ratio of length of stroke to cylinder bore (l/D) is usually 1.5. This means that the length of the stroke, which is the distance the piston travels inside the cylinder, is 1.5 times the diameter of the cylinder bore. This ratio is important in determining the efficiency and performance of an engine. A longer stroke can provide more torque, while a shorter stroke can allow for higher RPMs. Therefore, a ratio of 1.5 is commonly used to achieve a balance between torque and RPM in most engines.

The correct answer is Ixx = 4 Iyy. This means that the moment of inertia about the plane of motion (XX) is equal to 4 times the moment of inertia about the plane perpendicular to the plane of motion (YY). This condition ensures that the connecting rod is equally strong in both planes, providing balance and stability in its motion.

Autofrettage is a process of pre-stressing the cylinder to develop residual compressive stress at the inner surface. This process involves subjecting the cylinder to high internal pressure, causing the material to yield and deform plastically. After the pressure is released, the material recovers elastically, resulting in compressive stresses at the inner surface. This technique is commonly used in the manufacturing of high-pressure vessels and pipes to improve their fatigue life and resistance to stress corrosion cracking.

For a component, there can be multiple adequate designs, indicating that there are several possible solutions that meet the requirements. However, there is only one optimum design, which suggests that there is only one design that is the most efficient, effective, or optimal among all the adequate designs.

In thin cylinders, the longitudinal stress is 1/2 of the circumferential stress. This is because in a thin cylinder, the walls are much thinner compared to the radius, which means that the stress in the circumferential direction is much greater than the stress in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the longitudinal stress is only half of the circumferential stress.

The correct answer is "any one of the above". This means that Class 3 pressure vessels should be designed according to the "Code for unfired vessel IS-2825" if any one of the following conditions is met: the operating pressure is less than 17.5 kgf/cm2, the operating temperature is more than 00C and less than 2500C, or the thickness of the shell is less than 16 mm.

Automotive crankshafts are made using the drop forging process. Drop forging involves heating a metal billet and then shaping it using a die and a hammer or a press. This process allows for the creation of complex shapes with high strength and durability. The drop forging process is commonly used in the manufacturing of automotive components, including crankshafts, due to its ability to produce parts with excellent mechanical properties and resistance to fatigue.

The bolts for the cap of the big end of the connecting rod are subjected to only inertia force. This means that the force acting on the bolts is due to the mass of the connecting rod and the acceleration it experiences during the engine's operation. The gas force refers to the pressure exerted by the combustion gases, but this force does not directly act on the bolts. Similarly, side thrust refers to the force exerted on the connecting rod due to the sideways motion of the piston, but again, this force does not directly act on the bolts. Therefore, the only force that directly affects the bolts is the inertia force.

A cylinder is considered as a thin cylinder when the ratio of the inner diameter to the wall thickness is more than 15. This means that the inner diameter of the cylinder is significantly larger than the thickness of its walls. A higher ratio indicates that the walls are relatively thin compared to the size of the cylinder.

Adequate design refers to a design that meets the main functional requirements. In other words, it is a design that effectively performs its intended function. This means that the design is able to fulfill the necessary tasks, meet the desired objectives, and deliver the expected outcomes. While cost, concept, and dimensional considerations are important in the design process, the primary focus of adequate design is on ensuring that the design functions effectively.

The torispherical head is the correct end-closure for tankers of milk, petrol, or diesel. This type of head is a combination of a toroidal shape and a spherical shape, providing a smooth transition between the cylindrical body of the tanker and the end closure. The torispherical head offers good strength and pressure resistance, making it suitable for containing liquids such as milk, petrol, or diesel. It also helps to distribute stress evenly, reducing the risk of failure or leakage.

Option 2 is the best choice for the primary design equation for designing a shaft for minimum weight because it does not provide any specific equation or formula. Instead, it suggests that none of the given options are suitable for designing a shaft for minimum weight. This implies that there might be other factors or equations that need to be considered in order to achieve the desired outcome.

The design of the piston head is based on strength and heat transfer considerations. This means that the design takes into account the need for the piston head to be strong enough to withstand the forces and pressures it will experience during operation, while also allowing for efficient heat transfer to prevent overheating. By considering both strength and heat transfer, the design can ensure that the piston head performs effectively and reliably in the engine.

The correct answer is "Cost Per Kg" because it is a material parameter that is used to determine the cost of a material based on its weight. It is commonly used in industries such as manufacturing and construction to calculate the cost of materials used in a project. By knowing the cost per kilogram, companies can make informed decisions about which materials to use based on their budget and cost-effectiveness.

The correct answer is hemispherical head. The end-closure for a tall vertical pressure vessel is typically a hemispherical head because it provides the most efficient distribution of stress and allows for better pressure containment. The curved shape of the hemispherical head helps to evenly distribute the pressure across the surface, reducing the concentration of stress at any one point. This design also offers better resistance to internal pressure compared to other types of heads, making it a suitable choice for pressure vessels.

The design of the piston head is based on strength and heat transfer considerations. This means that the design takes into account the need for the piston head to be strong enough to withstand the forces and pressures it will experience during operation, while also allowing for efficient heat transfer to prevent overheating. By considering both of these factors, the design can ensure that the piston head performs effectively and reliably in the engine.

The given options include Size, Cost, Weight, and Energy Storing Capacity. Out of these options, Energy Storing Capacity is the only one that represents a functional requirement parameter. Functional requirements are specific capabilities that a system or product must possess to fulfill its intended purpose. In this case, the energy storing capacity is a necessary parameter for a system or product that requires the ability to store and utilize energy efficiently. Size, cost, and weight are important factors but do not directly relate to the functional requirement of energy storing capacity.

The correct answer is "Limited" because the question states that the parameters are unspecified but the range is specified. This means that there are certain limitations or boundaries within which the parameters can vary, even though the specific values or specifications are not given.

A cylinder is considered as a thick cylinder when the ratio of the inner diameter to the wall thickness is less than 15. This means that the diameter of the inner part of the cylinder is significantly larger than the thickness of the wall. If the ratio is equal to or more than 15, it would be considered a thin cylinder.

The connecting rod is made of medium carbon steel because it is a strong and durable material that can withstand the high stresses and temperatures generated by the engine. It also has good fatigue resistance, which is important as the connecting rod experiences repeated cycles of loading and unloading. Additionally, medium carbon steel can be easily machined and has good wear resistance, making it suitable for use in an engine component like the connecting rod.

The explicit objective of optimization is to maximize the effect of desirable effects parameters. Optimization involves finding the best possible values for the parameters that will result in the highest level of desirable effects. This can include maximizing efficiency, productivity, profitability, or any other positive outcome. By focusing on the desirable effects parameters, optimization aims to improve the overall performance and success of a system or process.

The correct answer is 1.05 (maximum operating pressure). This is because according to the "Code for unfired vessel IS-2825," the design pressure of a pressure vessel is typically taken as 1.05 times the maximum operating pressure. This factor of safety ensures that the vessel can withstand any potential fluctuations or variations in pressure during operation, reducing the risk of failure or rupture.

The thickness of a cylinder is calculated based on the circumferential hoop stress. This stress is the stress that acts around the circumference of the cylinder and is caused by the internal or external pressure applied to the cylinder. The thickness of the cylinder needs to be sufficient to withstand this hoop stress and prevent failure or deformation of the cylinder. Therefore, the calculation of the cylinder thickness is based on the magnitude of the circumferential hoop stress.

In thick cylinders, the axial stress across the thickness of the cylinder remains uniform throughout. This means that the stress is the same at all points along the thickness of the cylinder, regardless of the distance from the inner or outer surface. This is because the cylinder is thick enough that the effect of the internal pressure is distributed evenly across the entire thickness, resulting in a uniform stress distribution.

An optimum design refers to the best or most suitable design among all the feasible options. It involves considering various factors such as functionality, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The term "conceptual" relates to the initial stage of design where ideas, concepts, and basic principles are developed before the actual implementation. Therefore, "conceptual" aligns with the idea of an optimum design as it implies the creation of a design that is well-thought-out and based on solid concepts and principles.

The function of the piston skirt is to provide a bearing surface for side thrust. This means that it helps to guide the piston within the cylinder and prevent it from moving sideways during the combustion process. By providing this bearing surface, the piston skirt helps to maintain proper alignment and reduce friction between the piston and the cylinder wall. This is important for the overall performance and efficiency of the engine.

Option 1 is the best secondary design equation to design the shaft to optimize cost because it is not clear what Option 2 is, and the equation provided in Option 1 directly relates the cost of the object to its weight and material cost. This equation allows for a direct calculation of the cost, which can help in making design decisions that minimize cost while still meeting the required specifications.

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The term "optimum design" refers to the most efficient or ideal design for a particular purpose. Inclusive design, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of considering and accommodating the needs of all individuals, regardless of their abilities or characteristics. Therefore, the answer "Inclusive" suggests that an optimum design should not exclude or disregard anyone, but rather be inclusive and accessible to all.

The correct answer is double-welded butt joint with full penetration. This type of weld joint provides the highest level of joint efficiency because it ensures full penetration of the weld, meaning that the weld extends through the entire thickness of the material being joined. This results in a stronger and more reliable weld joint compared to the other options listed. The use of two welds also adds redundancy and increases the overall strength of the joint.