1.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto:"Tengo mucho dinero y mi vida _______________________ (haber/ser) muy lujosa (luxurious) por muchos años".
Correct Answer
A. Ha sido
Explanation
The correct answer is "ha sido." In this sentence, the speaker is talking about their life being luxurious for many years. The verb "ser" (to be) is used to describe a permanent or long-lasting state or characteristic. The present perfect tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb "haber" (to have) followed by the past participle of the main verb. In this case, "ha sido" is the correct form of the verb "ser" in the present perfect tense, agreeing with the singular subject "mi vida" (my life).
2.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto:"Mis padres ____________________ (haber/ comprar) un carro deportivo italiano.han comprado"
Correct Answer
B. Han comprado
Explanation
The correct answer is "han comprado". This is because the sentence is referring to the action of "Mis padres" (my parents) buying a car, which is a completed action in the past. In Spanish, the present perfect tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb "haber" (to have) in the present tense followed by the past participle of the main verb. In this case, "han" is the present tense of "haber" and "comprado" is the past participle of "comprar" (to buy).
3.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto:"Mi novia _____________________ (haber/vivir) en varios lugares exóticos"
Correct Answer
D. Ha vivido
Explanation
The correct answer is "ha vivido". In this sentence, the subject "Mi novia" (my girlfriend) is singular and the verb "haber" (to have) needs to agree with it. Since "Mi novia" is a third person singular subject, the correct form of "haber" is "ha". The verb "vivir" (to live) needs to be in the past participle form, which is "vivido". Therefore, the correct conjugation is "ha vivido", meaning "my girlfriend has lived".
4.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto:"Antes de tener treinta años, yo ya ______________________ (haber/hacer) varias cosas".
Correct Answer
B. Había hecho
Explanation
The correct answer is "había hecho". In the sentence, "Antes de tener treinta años, yo ya había hecho varias cosas", the verb "había hecho" is in the past participle form of the verb "hacer" conjugated in the imperfect tense. This tense is used to express an action that was completed in the past before another action or time point. In this case, it indicates that the person had already done several things before turning thirty.
5.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto:"Cuando llegó a NAU, mi amigo _____________________ (haber/graduarse) de la secundaria".
Correct Answer
C. Se había graduado
Explanation
The correct answer is "se había graduado". In the sentence, the subject "mi amigo" is implied, and the verb "graduarse" needs to agree with it. Since "mi amigo" is singular and masculine, the verb should be in the third-person singular form. Additionally, the use of the auxiliary verb "haber" in the past tense "había" indicates that the action of graduating happened before the arrival at NAU. Therefore, the correct conjugation is "se había graduado".
6.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto del subjuntivo:"Deseo que mi hermana _______________________ (haber/tener) mucho éxito en su entrevista".
Correct Answer
B. Haya tenido
Explanation
The correct answer is "haya tenido". In this sentence, we are expressing a desire for something that has already happened in the past. The present perfect subjunctive is used to indicate this. "Haya" is the present subjunctive form of the verb "haber" and "tenido" is the past participle of the verb "tener". Together, they form the present perfect subjunctive form "haya tenido", which translates to "has had" or "have had".
7.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto del subjuntivo:"Ojalá que mis padres ______________________ (haber/ pasear) por Costa Rica".
Correct Answer
B. Hayan paseado
Explanation
The correct answer is "hayan paseado". In the given sentence, "Ojalá que mis padres" indicates a desire or a wish, which requires the use of the subjunctive mood. The present perfect subjunctive is formed by using the auxiliary verb "haber" in the present subjunctive ("hayan") followed by the past participle of the main verb ("paseado"). Therefore, the correct conjugation is "hayan paseado", meaning "have walked".
8.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en presente perfecto del subjuntivo:"Espero que mi hermano ________________(haber/aprender) mucho en la universidad".
Correct Answer
C. Haya aprendido
Explanation
The correct answer is "haya aprendido." In this sentence, the verb "espero" (I hope) is followed by the conjunction "que" (that), which introduces a subordinate clause. The main verb in the subordinate clause is "aprender" (to learn), which needs to be conjugated in the present perfect subjunctive to match the tense of the main verb "espero." The correct conjugation for the third person singular (él/ella/usted) is "haya aprendido."
9.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en el presente perfecto del subjuntivo:"Dudo que mi amigo _______________________ (haber/tener) problemas con su carro."
Correct Answer
B. Haya tenido
Explanation
The correct answer is "haya tenido". In this sentence, "Dudo que" introduces a doubt or uncertainty, which requires the use of the subjunctive mood. The verb "haber" is conjugated in the present perfect subjunctive form "haya" to match the subject "mi amigo". The verb "tener" is also in the past participle form "tenido" to indicate that the action of having problems with his car has already happened.
10.
Conjuga la siguiente oración en pasado perfecto:"Antes del verano pasado, mis padres y yo _____________________ (haber/viajar) por 10 países del mundo".
Correct Answer
A. Habían viajado
Explanation
The correct answer is "habían viajado." In this sentence, the verb "viajar" is conjugated in the past perfect tense to indicate an action that had been completed before a specific point in the past, which is "antes del verano pasado" (before last summer). The subject "mis padres y yo" (my parents and I) is plural, so the correct form of the verb is "habían viajado."