Microbio 509

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2. Ex. 6, Per. 2: The following suggestion should help you improve your spread plate technique: When making a spread plate for a lawn of growth, you should streak the plate 3 times in 3 different directions.

True

False

3. Ex. 8: After completing the capsule stain, the slides must be air dried rather than blotting with bibulous paper.

True

False

4. what is the cellular arrangement?

OOOOOO

Strepto

Diplo

Basillo

Staphylo

5. If you look at a sample from hay infusion and see microbes moving with visible cilia or flagella, the microbes must be

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

Yeast

Fungi

6. How does the hydrogen ion concentration in lemon juice (pH 2) compare to the hydrogen ion concentration in tomato juice (pH 4)? P

Lemon juice has a hundredfold higher hydrogen ion concentration than tomato juice.

Lemon juice has a hundredfold lower hydrogen ion concentration than tomato juice.

Lemon juice has a twofold lower hydrogen ion concentration than tomato juice.

Lemon juice has a twofold higher hydrogen ion concentration than tomato juice.

7. If you look at a sample from hay infusion and see very small microbes moving but no cilia or flagella are visible, the microbes are most likely

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

Yeast

Fungi

8. What is one way you can visually tell if a live organism you are observing in a wet mount of a
hay infusion is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Eukaryotic organisms are usually much larger than prokaryotic ones

Eukaryotic organisms are motile and prokaryotic ones are not

Prokaryotic organisms have cell walls of peptidoglycan and eukaryotic do not

Prokaryotic organisms are not visible under a light microscope

9. Which of the following is an advantage of an electron microscope over a light microscope?

Electron scopes have higher resolution.

Electron scopes are better for observation of motility.

Electron scopes are easier to use in the lab.

Electron scopes produce fluorescence in cells.

10. Which of the following best describes the introduction of a human gene into bacteria to induce the bacteria to produce the human protein? P

Recombinant DNA technology

Bioremediation

Gene therapy

Genomics

11. The bacterium Autumium quarterii has an inner membrane and a thick PG layer. After A. quarterii is Gram stained, how would you expect it to appear under the oil immersion lens?

Purple

Pink

Mixture of purple and pink

Bacillus shaped

12. When you flame sterilize your inoculating loop, you must hold the inoculating loop in the flame until which of the following glows red hot?

Just the round loop at the end

The entire length of the wire including the round loop

The handle

No part should be red-hot

13. Where should you dispose of gauze used to clean immersion oil off of your microscope?

Regular trash can

Red bio-hazard bucket on lab bench

White bio-hazard bucket on cart

Take it home with you

14. Which of the following would be a way to microscopically distinguish bacteria from yeast?

Yeast cells should be much larger than bacterial cells

Yeast should appear as "fuzzy" hyphae on the plate

Nuclei should be visible in bacteria but not in yeast

Yeast cells will have flagella

15. All of the following are examples of biotechnology except ______. P

Bacteria that cause disease

Enzyme production by bacteria and fungi

Antibiotic production by bacteria

Bread making with bacteria and fungi

16. Circle the correct answers in the statement below:
Most of the dyes used to stain bacteria are (basic or acidic) since most bacteria have an overall (positive, negative) charge.

Basic, negative

Basic, positive

Acidic, negative

Acidic, positive

17. Which of the following terms does no belong with the others? P

Glycerol

Amino group

Fatty acid

Saturated

18. West Nile Virus is transmitted to humans by _______. P

Contaminated food

Mosquitos

Fleas

Ticks

19. When making a wet mount from a broth culture, how should you remove the cap of tube of culture?

Remove the cap and lay it open side down on a clean area of your lab bench.

Remove the cap with the little finger of the hand you use to hold the loop.

Remove the cap with the opposite hand in which you hold the loop.

Remove the cap and dispose of it in the red biohazard bucket on your bench.

20. Ex. 9: Endospores are reproductive cells formed by some bacteria.

True

False

21. When taking a sample from a broth culture, why should you vortex the tube?

To mix oxygen into the culture

To resuspend the organisms

To separate the organisms from the broth

To sterilize the tube

22. In the scientific name, Escherichia coli, Escherichia is the _______. P

Family

Species

Genus

Class

23. Ex.6, Per.2: Which of the following mistakes might cause the growth in all three of the sectors on the streak plate to look the same?

You didn't flame between sectors.

You didn't vortex your culture.

You dug into the agar with your loop.

You overlapped the lines in your streak.

24. Most fungi are described as hyphal. Hyphae form mats of growth known as

Spores

Mycelia

Yeast

Colonies

25. All of the following scientists performed experiments that supported the theory of biogenesis except ________. P

Needham

Virchow

Redi

Pasteur

26. Working with the French wine industry, Louis Pasteur developed a process that ________. P

Sterilizes the wine

Removes spoilage microorganisms from wine

Improves the nutritional value of wine

Promotes the growth of yeast during the wine-making process

27. Which of the following fields of study and its example are not correctly matched? P

Parasitology; study of HIV

Immunology; study of vaccines

Bacteriology; study of E. Coli 0157:H7

Mycology; study of athlete's foot

28. Phosphorous is found in all of the following cell components except ________. P

Proteins

RNA

Plasma membrane

ATP

29. When you flame sterilize your inoculating loop, you must hold the inoculating loop in the flame until which of the following glows red hot?

Just the round loop at the end

The entire length of the wire including the round loop

The handle

No part should be red-hot

30. Which of the following is a scientific name? P

Legionnaires' bacterium

Philadelphia fever

Legionella pneumophila

Legionnaires'' disease

31. Ex. 8: The smear of Bacillus megaterium must be heat fixed before using the capsule stain.

True

False

32. Ex. 9: Bacteria produce endospores for both reproduction and survival.Stains

True

False

33. A 3-phase streak was done in lab to,

Dilute the culture so isolated colonies could be obtained

Enumerate bacteria

Serially dilute bacteria

Identify certain pathogenic bacteria

34. Which of following molecules contains amino groups? P

Nucleic acids

Proteins

Lipids

Carbohydrates

35. Ex. 6, Per. 2: The following suggestion will help you improve your spread plate technique: When making a spread plate, do not resuspend your culture.

True

False

36. Ex. 7: Bacteria with a waxy layer of mycolic acid

Cannot be successfully Gram stained.

Cannot be differentially stained.

Cannot be heat fixed to a slide.

Cannot be grown on a medium in lab.

37. Which one of the following microscopes should you use to observe bacteria that have been Gram stained?

Brightfield microscope

Darkfield microscope

Phase contrast microscope

Fluorescence microscope

Either the SEM or the TEM

38. All of the following are products produced naturally by microorganisms except which one? P

Butyl alcohol

Silk

Acetone

Ethyl alcohol

39. Which of the following types of microorganism and its description is not correctly matched? P

Protozoa; small animals

Helminthes; multicellular animals

Fungi; eukaryotic

Bacteria; prokaryotic

40. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Bacteria? P

All are pathogenic

The reproduce by a process called binary fission

All are unicellular

Cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan

41. (Ex. 7, 8, 9): Look at the three photomicrographs above. Which one of the following micrographs represents a sample stained using the Endospore stain?

Slide A

Slide B

Slide C

42. Which one of the following is used to calculate the resolving power of the lens of a compound light microscope?

Magnification of the lens

The numerical aperture of the lens

How bright the light is

The working distance of the lens

43. Which one of the following slides will you view using the 100X oil immersion lens? (Lab 1)

Dry mount of magazine photo

Prepared slide of bacteria

Wet mount of hay infusion

All of the above

44. Nitrogen is found in all of the following cell components except ________. P

Carbohydrates

ATP

RNA

Proteins

45. Before you return your microscope to its storage cabinet, what should you have your lab instructor do?

Clean the scope

Collect any slides you prepared during the lab

Inspect your drawings of bacteria

Inspect the microscope

46. Which of the following molecules contain long hydrocarbon chains? P

Lipids

Nucleic acids

Proteins

Carbohydrates

47. The laboratory and medical procedures employed to prevent microbial contamination are called ________. P

Koch's postulates

Sterilization

Aseptic techniques

Bioremediation

48. Which of the following processes are beneficial activities of microorganisms? P

Recycling elements in the environment

Decomposing sewage

Producing foods and chemicals

All of the above

49. Ex. 8: A capsule stain is described as a negative stain because

It gives no information about cell wall type.

The capsule does not take up the stain.

The capsule has an overall negative charge.

Cells with capsules are gram-negative.

50. Which of the following is an example of anabolism? P

Converting DNA to nucleotides

Forming cellulose from glucose

Converting a protein to amino acids

Converting glucose to CO2 and H2O during cell respiration

51. The chemical reactions involved in protein synthesis and synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan are examples of_________ .

Catabolic reactions

Autotrophic reactions

Anabolic reactions

Photosynthetic reactions

52. Ex. 7: In the acid-fast stain, the decolorizning agent(s) is (are)

Hydrochloric acid and alcohol.

Methylene blue.

Turgitol and phenol.

Carbolfuchsin.

Crystal violet.

53. When comparing the images produced by the SEM and the TEM, the image produced by the SEM

Gives more of an internal view of the specimen

Is more two-dimensional

Shows the surface of the specimen

Shows dark spots produced by pairs of antibodies

54. Which one of the following is an example of bioremediation? P

Use of Sacccharomyces cerevisiae to make wine

Use of Pseudomonas to remove uranium from soil at weapons depots

Use of Bacillus thuringiensis to kill crop-eating insects

Use of cowpox virus to vaccinate against smallpox

55. ¹²C and ¹⁴C atoms differ in the ________. P

Number of protons in the nucleus

Ability of cells to use them

Number of neutrons in the nucleus

Number of electrons in the shells

56. Ex. 10: The most common method used to separate mixed cultures is the

Serial dliution

Gram-stain

Streak plate method

Spread plate method

57. One objective lens on the compound light microscope MUST always be used with immersion oil. It is also the ONLY one that can be used with immersion oil. The magnification of this objective lens is

10X

40X

100X

1000X

58. Which of the following scientists and their discoveries is not correctly matched? P

Lister; antibiotics

Koch; germ theory of disease

Ehrlich; chemotherapy

Jenner; vaccination

59. Which of the following does not belong with the others? P

Animals

Fungi

Plants

Bacteria

60. Avian influenza has not yet become widespread among humans because ________. P

Humans are vaccinated against avian influenza

It is not readily transmitted from human to human

It infects only birds

When humans are infected, they do not get sick

61. Ribose and adenine can be found in RNA and in _______. P

Carbohydrates

ATP

DNA

Proteins

62. The first observations of bacteria were made by ________. P

Needham

Pasteur

Van Leeuwenhoek

Hooke

63. Which of the following statements about cellulase is true? P

It is one of the most abundant carbohydrates on earth

It is made by some bacteria and fungi

It is one of the digestive enzymes that we make to digest cellulose

It is found in a plant cell walls

64. You will use a sterile swab to inoculate your plate during this exercise. Where should you dispose of the swab and the wrapper?

Both in the regular trash

Both in the red biohazard bucket

Swab in the red biohazard bucket and wrapper in the regular trash

Swab in the red biohazard bucket and wrapper in the white biohazard bucket

65. Which of the following microbes are eukaryotic?

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Proteus Vulgaris

Aspergillus Niger

Escherichia Coli

Submit

66. Ex. 6, Per. 2: Which one of the following mistakes might cause you to find more than one type of colony on your streak plate?

You overlapped streaks in the sector.

You did not vortex the original culture.

You did not use good aseptic technique.

You dug the loop into the agar.

67. Which one of the following statements is TRUE concerning hyphae?

Hyphal morphology is found only in fungi.

Streptomyces bacteria have hyphal morphology.

Chains of bacillus bacteria may be described as hyphal.

Yeast is commonly observed as hyphal upon microscopic observation.

68. Which of the following statements about the atom ¹²C is not true? P

Its atomic weight is 12

It has 6 protons in its nucleus

It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus

Its atomic number is 6

69. Which of the following microbes that you will either use or observe this lab period are bacteria?

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Proteus vulgaris

Aspergillus niger

Escherichia coli

Submit

70. Which of the following statements about bacteria is not true? P

Bacteria are essential to the presence of life on Earth

Bacteria are used to make some foods

The only good bacterium is a dead bacterium

Everyone has bacteria in and on the body

71. Which of the following are LIGHT microscopes?

Brightfield

Darkfield

SEM

TEM

Fluorsecent

Submit

72. Emerging infectious diseases can be due to ________. P

Deforestation and earthquake

Changes or mutations in existing organisms

Humans moving to previously uninhabited areas

All of the above

73. What kind of chemical reaction is involved when bacteria are used for the bioremediation of a petroleum spill? P

Dehydration reaction

Synthesis reaction

Decomposition reaction

Exchange reaction

74. Which of the following is TRUE concerning the yeast form of fungi?

Yeast form interwoven mats known as mycelia.

The yeast form is the most common form of fungi.

Yeast forms grow as long branching filaments.

The yeast forms of fungi are unicellular.

75. A student takes a sample from a colony growing on a plate and makes a wet mount. When she observes the sample using the 40X objective, she notes the presence of buds. The microbes in the colony are likely

Bacteria since this is a common form of reproduction for bacteria.

Hyphal fungi since hyphal fungi form buds when they grow on plates.

Yeast since they commonly reproduce asexually by budding.

Tiny plants just ready to produce flowers.

76. Which of the compounds listed below is an inorganic compound? P

Glucose

DNA

Proteins

NaCl

77. The type of bond holding Na^⁺ and Cl^{^-} ions in NaCl is a/an ________. P

Covalent bond

Hydrogen bond

Double bond

Ionic bond

78. Which of the following terms does not belong with the others? P

Nitrogenous base

Deoxyribose

Amino group

Phosphate group

79. Water is an excellent solvent as well as an effective temperature buffer. This is due to ________. P
P

The ionic bonds in water

The pH of water

The polar nature of water

The pH buffering capacity of water

80. Circle TWO of the following lab rules that are examples of using aseptic technique.

Working on the lab top near your burner flame

Cleaning your bench with Roccal (Cidecon) at the end of lab

Returning materials to the supply cabinet at the end of lab

Using lens cleaner and gauze to clean your microscope

Keeping long hair tied back when in lab

Submit

81. In which one of the following microscopes might light waves be added together to make endospores (or other cellular structures) appear very bright when viewed under the microscope?

Brightfield microscope

Dark field microscope

Phase-contrast microscope

Fluorescence microscope

82. The type of bond holding C and H atoms in glucose is a/an ________. P

Hydrogen bond

Double bond

Ionic bond

Covalent bond

83. Which of the following chemical bonds is the strongest? P

Hydrophobic bonds

Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds

Covalent bonds

84. Stains (Ex. 7, 8, 9): Look at the three photomicrographs above. Which one of the following micrographs represents a sample stained using the Capsule stain?

Slide A

Slide B

Slide C

85. You observe a sample of living bacteria under the microscope in lab and notice that they all seem to be moving in the same direction. This movement could best be described as,

Motility

Directed movement

Brownian motion

Current flow

86. Detergents can combine with lipid molecules. Which part of a cell would you expect detergents to damage? P

Proteins

Cell wall

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

87. Which of the following statements about the atom Na (atomic number 11) is not true? P

It has the same number if protons and electrons

It has 11 electrons

It has 11 protons

It has the same number of protons and neutrons

Submit

Microbio 509

1. Where should you dispose of each of the following in lab: (NOTE: If biohazard container is partof any of your answers, be sure to describe as either the one on your lab bench or the one on the cart.) Gauze used to clean your microscope?

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Ex. 6, Per. 2: The following suggestion should help you improve your spread plate technique: When making a spread plate for a lawn of growth, you should streak the plate 3 times in 3 different directions.

3. Ex. 8: After completing the capsule stain, the slides must be air dried rather than blotting with bibulous paper.

4. what is the cellular arrangement?OOOOOO

5. If you look at a sample from hay infusion and see microbes moving with visible cilia or flagella, the microbes must be

6. How does the hydrogen ion concentration in lemon juice (pH 2) compare to the hydrogen ion concentration in tomato juice (pH 4)? P

7. If you look at a sample from hay infusion and see very small microbes moving but no cilia or flagella are visible, the microbes are most likely

8. What is one way you can visually tell if a live organism you are observing in a wet mount of ahay infusion is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

9. Which of the following is an advantage of an electron microscope over a light microscope?

10. Which of the following best describes the introduction of a human gene into bacteria to induce the bacteria to produce the human protein? P

11. The bacterium Autumium quarterii has an inner membrane and a thick PG layer. After A. quarterii is Gram stained, how would you expect it to appear under the oil immersion lens?

12. When you flame sterilize your inoculating loop, you must hold the inoculating loop in the flame until which of the following glows red hot?

13. Where should you dispose of gauze used to clean immersion oil off of your microscope?

14. Which of the following would be a way to microscopically distinguish bacteria from yeast?

15. All of the following are examples of biotechnology except ______. P

16. Circle the correct answers in the statement below:Most of the dyes used to stain bacteria are (basic or acidic) since most bacteria have an overall (positive, negative) charge.

17. Which of the following terms does no belong with the others? P

18. West Nile Virus is transmitted to humans by _______. P

19. When making a wet mount from a broth culture, how should you remove the cap of tube of culture?

20. Ex. 9: Endospores are reproductive cells formed by some bacteria.

21. When taking a sample from a broth culture, why should you vortex the tube?

22. In the scientific name, Escherichia coli, Escherichia is the _______. P

23. Ex.6, Per.2: Which of the following mistakes might cause the growth in all three of the sectors on the streak plate to look the same?

24. Most fungi are described as hyphal. Hyphae form mats of growth known as

25. All of the following scientists performed experiments that supported the theory of biogenesis except ________. P

26. Working with the French wine industry, Louis Pasteur developed a process that ________. P

27. Which of the following fields of study and its example are not correctly matched? P

28. Phosphorous is found in all of the following cell components except ________. P

29. When you flame sterilize your inoculating loop, you must hold the inoculating loop in the flame until which of the following glows red hot?

30. Which of the following is a scientific name? P

31. Ex. 8: The smear of Bacillus megaterium must be heat fixed before using the capsule stain.

32. Ex. 9: Bacteria produce endospores for both reproduction and survival.Stains

33. A 3-phase streak was done in lab to,

34. Which of following molecules contains amino groups? P

35. Ex. 6, Per. 2: The following suggestion will help you improve your spread plate technique: When making a spread plate, do not resuspend your culture.

36. Ex. 7: Bacteria with a waxy layer of mycolic acid

37. Which one of the following microscopes should you use to observe bacteria that have been Gram stained?

38. All of the following are products produced naturally by microorganisms except which one? P

39. Which of the following types of microorganism and its description is not correctly matched? P

40. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Bacteria? P

41. (Ex. 7, 8, 9): Look at the three photomicrographs above. Which one of the following micrographs represents a sample stained using the Endospore stain?

42. Which one of the following is used to calculate the resolving power of the lens of a compound light microscope?

43. Which one of the following slides will you view using the 100X oil immersion lens? (Lab 1)

44. Nitrogen is found in all of the following cell components except ________. P

45. Before you return your microscope to its storage cabinet, what should you have your lab instructor do?

46. Which of the following molecules contain long hydrocarbon chains? P

47. The laboratory and medical procedures employed to prevent microbial contamination are called ________. P

48. Which of the following processes are beneficial activities of microorganisms? P

49. Ex. 8: A capsule stain is described as a negative stain because

50. Which of the following is an example of anabolism? P

51. The chemical reactions involved in protein synthesis and synthesis of cell wall peptidoglycan are examples of_________ .

52. Ex. 7: In the acid-fast stain, the decolorizning agent(s) is (are)

53. When comparing the images produced by the SEM and the TEM, the image produced by the SEM

54. Which one of the following is an example of bioremediation? P

55. 12C and 14C atoms differ in the ________. P

56. Ex. 10: The most common method used to separate mixed cultures is the

57. One objective lens on the compound light microscope MUST always be used with immersion oil. It is also the ONLY one that can be used with immersion oil. The magnification of this objective lens is

58. Which of the following scientists and their discoveries is not correctly matched? P

59. Which of the following does not belong with the others? P

60. Avian influenza has not yet become widespread among humans because ________. P

61. Ribose and adenine can be found in RNA and in _______. P

62. The first observations of bacteria were made by ________. P

63. Which of the following statements about cellulase is true? P

64. You will use a sterile swab to inoculate your plate during this exercise. Where should you dispose of the swab and the wrapper?

65. Which of the following microbes are eukaryotic?

66. Ex. 6, Per. 2: Which one of the following mistakes might cause you to find more than one type of colony on your streak plate?

67. Which one of the following statements is TRUE concerning hyphae?

68. Which of the following statements about the atom 12C is not true? P

69. Which of the following microbes that you will either use or observe this lab period are bacteria?

70. Which of the following statements about bacteria is not true? P

71. Which of the following are LIGHT microscopes?

72. Emerging infectious diseases can be due to ________. P

73. What kind of chemical reaction is involved when bacteria are used for the bioremediation of a petroleum spill? P

74. Which of the following is TRUE concerning the yeast form of fungi?

75. A student takes a sample from a colony growing on a plate and makes a wet mount. When she observes the sample using the 40X objective, she notes the presence of buds. The microbes in the colony are likely

76. Which of the compounds listed below is an inorganic compound? P

77. The type of bond holding Na+ and Cl- ions in NaCl is a/an ________. P

4. what is the cellular arrangement?

OOOOOO

8. What is one way you can visually tell if a live organism you are observing in a wet mount of a
hay infusion is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

16. Circle the correct answers in the statement below:
Most of the dyes used to stain bacteria are (basic or acidic) since most bacteria have an overall (positive, negative) charge.

55. ¹²C and ¹⁴C atoms differ in the ________. P

68. Which of the following statements about the atom ¹²C is not true? P

77. The type of bond holding Na^⁺ and Cl^{^-} ions in NaCl is a/an ________. P

79. Water is an excellent solvent as well as an effective temperature buffer. This is due to ________. P
P