Micro: Toxins And Such

1. Endotoxins are only released when the cell dies.

True

False

2. What structure in the brain to cytokines act on to produce fever?

Midbrain

Hypothalamus

Brainstem

Thalamus

3. The cholera toxin inhibits the regulatory mechanism of?

ATP

CAMP

Protein kinase A

GTP

4. What cytokines are the primary cause of fever? And they're produced by what cell?

IL-5, IL-12; eosinophils

IL-2, IL-1; T cells

IFN-gamma, TNF; macrophages

TNF, IL-1; macrophages

5. Tetanus affects inhibitory neurons causing continuous stimulation to motor neurons.

True

False

The tetanus toxin interferes with synaptic transmission in inhibitory neurons by blocking neurotransmitter release. This allows the excitatory transmitter to continuously stimulate the motor neurons.

Explanation

The tetanus toxin interferes with synaptic transmission in inhibitory neurons by blocking neurotransmitter release. This allows the excitatory transmitter to continuously stimulate the motor neurons.

6. Which best represents the composition of LPS?

Lipid B, core polysaccharide, variable O-polysaccharide

Lipid A, core monosaccharide, variable O-monosaccharide

Lipid B, core monosaccharide, variable O-monosaccharide

Lipid A, core polysaccharide, variable O-polysaccharide

7. What bacteria release LPS?

Gram positve

Streptococci

Gram negative

Staphylococci

8. After direct activation of completment by LPS, C3a and C5a components are produced in large quantities. This can cause aggregation of PMNs in the pulmonary capillaries resulting in a severe condtion called ____.

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia

Adult respiratory distress syndrome

Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

9. What are the most important effects of LPS?

Fever and cell lysis

Cell lysis and shock

Fever and shock

10. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by __ infections of the _.

Staphylococcus; intestinal

Staphylococcus; genital

Streptococcus; intestinal

Streptococcus; genital

11. What codes for proteins of exotoxins?

Chromosomes

SsDNA

MRNA

Plasmids

12. Botulinum toxin neurotransmitter function of terminals.

Inhibits; postsynaptic

Inhibits; presynaptic

Increases; postsynaptic

Increases; presynaptic

13. What exotoxin is active at low does and extrememly potent?

Tetanus

Cholera

Diphtheria

LPS

14. Diphtheria blocks the transfer of ___ _ to polypeptide chains during ____ of mRNA by ribosomes.

Amino acids; transcrption

Adenosine diphosphate; translation

Amino acids; translation

Adenosine diphosphate; transcription

15. What toxin(s) are internalized for activation of the A subunit?

Tetanus and botulinum

Cholera and diphtheria

Staphylococcus

Diphtheria and botulinum

16. What bacteria is the most common endotoxic shock with septicemia?

E. coli

S. aureus

Shigella

Salmonella

17. Activation of toxins without altering antigenicity results in successful vaccines.

True

False

Inactivation of toxins

Explanation

Inactivation of toxins

Micro: Toxins and Such

1. Endotoxins are only released when the cell dies.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. What structure in the brain to cytokines act on to produce fever?

3. The cholera toxin inhibits the regulatory mechanism of?

4. What cytokines are the primary cause of fever? And they're produced by what cell?

5. Tetanus affects inhibitory neurons causing continuous stimulation to motor neurons.

6. Which best represents the composition of LPS?

7. What bacteria release LPS?

8. After direct activation of completment by LPS, C3a and C5a components are produced in large quantities. This can cause aggregation of PMNs in the pulmonary capillaries resulting in a severe condtion called ____.

9. What are the most important effects of LPS?

10. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by __ infections of the _.

11. What codes for proteins of exotoxins?

12. Botulinum toxin neurotransmitter function of terminals.

13. What exotoxin is active at low does and extrememly potent?

14. Diphtheria blocks the transfer of ___ _ to polypeptide chains during ____ of mRNA by ribosomes.

15. What toxin(s) are internalized for activation of the A subunit?

16. What bacteria is the most common endotoxic shock with septicemia?

17. Activation of toxins without altering antigenicity results in successful vaccines.

Micro: Toxins and Such

1. Endotoxins are only released when the cell dies.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. What structure in the brain to cytokines act on to produce fever?

3. The cholera toxin inhibits the regulatory mechanism of?

4. What cytokines are the primary cause of fever? And they're produced by what cell?

5. Tetanus affects inhibitory neurons causing continuous stimulation to motor neurons.

6. Which best represents the composition of LPS?

7. What bacteria release LPS?

8. After direct activation of completment by LPS, C3a and C5a components are produced in large quantities. This can cause aggregation of PMNs in the pulmonary capillaries resulting in a severe condtion called ____.

9. What are the most important effects of LPS?

10. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by ______ infections of the _____.

11. What codes for proteins of exotoxins?

12. Botulinum toxin ____ neurotransmitter function of ____ terminals.

13. What exotoxin is active at low does and extrememly potent?

14. Diphtheria blocks the transfer of _____ _____ to polypeptide chains during ______ of mRNA by ribosomes.

15. What toxin(s) are internalized for activation of the A subunit?

16. What bacteria is the most common endotoxic shock with septicemia?

17. Activation of toxins without altering antigenicity results in successful vaccines.

10. Toxic shock syndrome is caused by __ infections of the _.

12. Botulinum toxin neurotransmitter function of terminals.

14. Diphtheria blocks the transfer of ___ _ to polypeptide chains during ____ of mRNA by ribosomes.