Med Oradea - Anatomy II - Digestive System - Esophagus
Med Oradea - Anatomy II - Digestive System - Esophagus
- 1.The esophagus:
- A.
Is situated between the pharynx and the stomach
- B.
The tracheal part is above the thoracic part
- C.
Has a lumbar part
- D.
Is 5-6cm long
- 2.Cervical esophagus
- A.
Is 5-6cm long
- B.
Is delimited by the lower end of the pharynx / cricoid cartilage and manubrium
- C.
Is slightly inclined to the right
- D.
Receives vascularization from branches from the thyroidean artery and vein
- E.
Lymph drains to apical nodes
- 3.Regarding some relationships:
- A.
The thyroidean artery is behind the cervical esophagus
- B.
The left recurrent laryngeal nerve contacts the prevertebral fascia
- C.
The cervical esophagus is in front of the trachea
- D.
Behind the cervical esophagus is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
- E.
The left lobe of the thyroid is in front of the cervical esophagus
- 4.The esophagus:
- A.
Has relations laterally with the vagus nerves, common carotid artery, and internal jugular vein
- B.
The cervical part is covered by the trachea on the right side
- C.
Is innervated by thoracic splanchnic nerves
- D.
Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
- E.
Receives innervation from cervical sympathetic trunk fibers
- 5.The thoracic esophagus
- A.
Is limited in the upper part by the manubrium
- B.
Is limited in the lower part by the esophageal plexus
- C.
Passes behind the aortic arch and descends along the trachea
- D.
Presents several narrowings, including at: the 'mouth' of esophagus, the aortic arch, the right bronchus, the cardia (of stomach), and the diaphragm (sometimes)
- 6.The thoracic esophagus:
- A.
Has relations with the trachea to the right
- B.
Has relations in front with the left and right bronchus and pericardial membrane
- C.
Has 4 coats: epithelial, muscular (external), submucous, and mucous
- D.
The azygos vein is lateral
- 7.Concerning some relationships:
- A.
The thoracic duct passes behind the thoracic esophagus
- B.
The aortic arch is to the right of the esophagus
- C.
The esophagus is to the right of the left subclavian artery
- D.
The subclavian artery has relations with the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
- E.
The descending aorta is lateral to the esophagus
- 8.Regarding the thoracic esophagus:
- A.
It receives blood from the phrenic and thyroidean arteries
- B.
Drainage is from a venous plexus
- C.
Venous drainage is to the inferior vena cava (upper part) and hepatic portal vein (lower part)
- D.
The azygos vein sometimes anastomoses thyroidean vein before draining to the inferior vena cava
- 9.The abdominal esophagus:
- A.
Is limited by the diaphragm and fundus
- B.
On the right side is followed by the lesser curvature
- C.
Forms an angle with the greater curvature of the somach on the left.
- D.
Has relationships with the right vagus nerve (behind) and the liver (in front)
- 10.The abdominal esophagus:
- A.
Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
- B.
Blood comes from the right gastric artery via the esophago-cardio-gastric artery
- C.
Veins drain to the gastric vein
- D.
Lymph goes to gastric nodes
- 11.The esophagus receives blood from:
- A.
Esophageal arteries
- B.
Esophageal branches from the thoracic splanchnic artery
- C.
Esophageal branches from the aorta
- D.
Esophageal branches from the thyroidean artery
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