English Summer School 2012 Exam

The correct answer is United Nations. The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after World War II. It aims to maintain international peace and security, promote social progress, and protect human rights. The UN consists of 193 member states and operates through various specialized agencies, programs, and funds. It serves as a platform for countries to discuss and address global issues such as climate change, poverty, and conflicts.

When the cataract patients regained their sight, they expressed their appreciation and gave credit to The Great Leader. This implies that they attributed their ability to see again to The Great Leader and were grateful for it.

In the Lisa Ling video, a former North Korean citizen who defected to South Korea mentioned that a core value is missing. Although the question does not provide the exact quote, based on the given options, the former citizen likely stated that the missing core value is freedom. This implies that in North Korea, individuals may not have the same level of personal freedom and autonomy as they do in South Korea or other countries.

The term "hermit kingdom" refers to North Korea's desire to isolate itself from the rest of the world. It indicates that North Korea wants to maintain a self-imposed isolation and limit its interactions and connections with other countries. This term suggests that North Korea is not open to sharing ideas or engaging in extensive international relations, but instead prefers to remain separate and independent from the global community.

Foreshadowing is the correct answer because it refers to the use of hints or clues in literature to suggest what will happen later. It is a literary technique used by authors to create suspense and anticipation in the readers. By providing subtle hints about future events, foreshadowing allows the readers to make predictions and engage more deeply with the story.

The Hutus were the majority ethnic group in Rwanda who wanted to eliminate another smaller ethnic group.

The Hutus were the majority ethnic group in Rwanda who wanted to eliminate another smaller ethnic group.

The line "I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul" from the poem implies that the speaker believes in their own agency and control over their life. It suggests that they are determined to take charge of their destiny and make their own decisions. The phrase signifies a sense of resilience and determination, emphasizing the speaker's belief in their ability to overcome obstacles and succeed in life. It conveys the idea that they will not let external circumstances dictate their fate, but rather, they will persevere and flourish despite any challenges that come their way.

An expatriate is someone who is a citizen of one country but lives in another. This means that they have chosen to reside in a country that is different from their country of citizenship. They may be living abroad for various reasons such as work, study, or personal preference.

The North Koreans built secret tunnels under the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in order to invade South Korea. These tunnels were constructed as a covert means for North Korean troops to infiltrate and launch surprise attacks on the South. By building these tunnels, North Korea aimed to gain a strategic advantage and potentially take control of South Korean territory.

During the Korean War in 1950, the United States dropped 1,000,000 gallons of napalm on North Korea. This was part of their military strategy to weaken the North Korean forces and disrupt their infrastructure. Napalm, a highly flammable substance, was used to create devastating firestorms and cause widespread destruction. The aim was to gain an advantage in the war and support South Korea, which was an ally of the United States.

Pyongyang is the capital of North Korea. It is the political, cultural, and economic center of the country. Located on the Taedong River, Pyongyang is home to important government institutions, monuments, and landmarks. It is also the residence of the country's leader, Kim Jong-un. Seoul is the capital of South Korea, while Tokyo is the capital of Japan.

The term "The Stunted Generation" refers to the current children in North Korea. This suggests that these children are experiencing physical and mental stunting due to malnutrition and lack of proper healthcare in the country. The term highlights the unfortunate consequences of the challenging living conditions faced by the younger generation in North Korea.

Mandela was imprisoned for 27 years. This was a significant part of his life where he fought against apartheid in South Africa. During his time in prison, Mandela became a symbol of resistance and his imprisonment helped to bring international attention to the injustices of apartheid. His release in 1990 marked a turning point in South African history and eventually led to the end of apartheid and Mandela's election as the country's first black president.

In 1993, Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize. This prestigious award is given to individuals or organizations that have made significant contributions to promoting peace and resolving conflicts. Mandela was recognized for his efforts in bringing an end to apartheid and promoting reconciliation in South Africa. His leadership and dedication to non-violence made him a symbol of peace and unity, and he continues to inspire people around the world.

The correct answer is Valentina. This suggests that the girl who survived the genocide by hiding under dead bodies in a church is named Valentina.

The Korean War did not end in 1945 or 1950. Instead, the conflict resulted in a long cease-fire agreement between North Korea and South Korea. This means that technically the war is still ongoing, but there has been no active fighting since the cease-fire was established.

Mandela hand copied the poem Invictus and gave it to François to inspire him. The act of sharing the poem suggests that Mandela wanted to motivate François and instill a sense of determination and resilience in him. By sharing the powerful words of the poem, Mandela aimed to inspire François to overcome challenges and difficulties, reminding him that he has control over his own fate and can rise above any obstacles he may face.

Tone refers to the author's attitude towards the subject matter or audience. It is the emotional quality or atmosphere that is created in a literary work. The tone can be conveyed through the author's choice of words, the use of figurative language, and the overall style of writing. It helps to establish the mood of the piece and can influence how the reader interprets the text.

Symbolism refers to the use of common objects in literature or songs to enhance the subconscious understanding of the work. These objects hold deeper meanings and represent abstract ideas or concepts. By incorporating symbolism, authors and songwriters can convey complex emotions, themes, or messages in a more nuanced and evocative manner. Symbolism allows readers or listeners to interpret and analyze the work on a deeper level, unraveling hidden meanings and adding layers of depth to the overall narrative or composition.

The falling action refers to the part of the story that occurs after the climax or crisis. It is when the main character is involved in a struggle or faces problems and complications. This part of the story is short but exciting, as the main character's struggles come to a head. It is the aftermath of the climax, where loose ends are tied up, and the story begins to wind down towards its conclusion.

Hyperbole is an exaggeration or overstatement used in literature. It is a figure of speech that involves exaggerating something for emphasis or dramatic effect. This literary device is often used to create vivid imagery, add humor, or emphasize a point. It helps to make a statement more dramatic or memorable by making it larger or more extreme than it actually is. Hyperbole can be found in various literary genres, including poetry, prose, and drama. It is an effective tool for writers to convey their message and engage the readers' attention.

Romeo Daillaire was the Canadian UN General assigned to keep the peace in Rwanda.

A defector refers to someone who leaves a closed country without permission. This individual chooses to abandon their home country, often due to political or social reasons, and seeks refuge in another nation. By leaving without permission, they are considered traitors or deserters by their home country. This act of defection is often seen as a betrayal and can have severe consequences for the defector and their family members who are left behind.

Kim Jong Il was the leader of North Korea until 12/21/11. He succeeded his father, Kim Il Sung, as the leader of the country. Kim Jong Il ruled North Korea from 1994 until his death in 2011. During his leadership, he continued his father's policy of promoting a cult of personality and maintaining a strict totalitarian regime. Kim Jong Il's son, Kim Jong-eun, succeeded him as the leader of North Korea.

The role of a "government minder" in North Korea is to encourage total worship of their leader. In the oppressive regime of North Korea, the government minders are responsible for ensuring that the citizens show unwavering loyalty and devotion to the country's leader. They closely monitor and control the thoughts, actions, and behavior of the people, making sure that any dissent or criticism towards the leader is suppressed. This role is crucial in maintaining the regime's power and control over the population.

After World War II, Korea was divided into two separate countries as part of the peace treaty signed in 1945. This division was a result of the agreements made between the Allied powers, particularly the United States and the Soviet Union, to temporarily occupy and administer Korea. The division was intended to be temporary, but it eventually led to the establishment of two separate governments, one in the North supported by the Soviet Union and another in the South supported by the United States.

A personality cult refers to a group of people who are trained or indoctrinated to have an intense and unquestioning adoration and loyalty towards their leader. This often involves the promotion and glorification of the leader's personality, achievements, and ideals, while discouraging any critical thinking or dissent within the group. The leader is elevated to a near god-like status, and their authority and decisions are unquestioned by their followers.

South Africa is known for its abundant reserves of gold and diamonds. These natural resources have played a significant role in the country's economy and have contributed to its wealth and development. The mining industry in South Africa is one of the largest in the world, and the country is a major producer of gold and diamonds. These resources have been extracted and exported, providing valuable revenue and employment opportunities for the nation.

An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms to create a new meaning. It is used to emphasize a paradox or to create a dramatic effect. For example, the phrase "bittersweet" combines the contradictory words "bitter" and "sweet" to convey a complex and conflicting emotion. In the context of literary terms, an oxymoron is a technique used by writers to add depth and complexity to their work by juxtaposing contrasting ideas or concepts.

The given answer correctly explains the purpose and importance of the exposition in a story. The exposition provides necessary background information about the story, including the setting and main characters. It also sets the tone and gives the reader an idea of what type of story to expect. By reading the exposition, the reader can often determine whether the story will be funny, historical, Western, fantasy, or another genre. The exposition is crucial in engaging the reader and establishing the foundation for the rest of the story.

In April 1994, the Rwandan genocide occurred. During this time, an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were brutally killed within a span of 100 days. The genocide was sparked by long-standing ethnic tensions between the Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda. The assassination of the Rwandan president, a Hutu, on April 6, 1994, served as a catalyst for the mass killings. Extremist Hutus took advantage of the situation and launched a systematic campaign of violence and ethnic cleansing against the Tutsis. The international community was criticized for its lack of intervention and failure to prevent the genocide.

Seoul is the correct answer because it is the capital city of South Korea. It is a major global city and the political, economic, and cultural center of the country. Pyongyang is the capital of North Korea, not South Korea. Beijing is the capital of China, not South Korea.

The correct answer is "dispersed". Machetes imported from China, costing only 5 cents each, were dispersed among the radical Hutu population. This means that the machetes were distributed or spread out among the radical Hutu population.

The correct answer is that the buildings in KeJongDong are just facades to entice South Korea to come into North Korea. This suggests that the village is designed to portray a false image of prosperity and development in order to attract visitors from South Korea and potentially convince them to defect or join North Korea. The term "propaganda village" implies that the purpose of KeJongDong is to spread propaganda and manipulate perceptions.

The phrase "In the fell clutch of circumstance" means that one is caught or trapped in the harsh grip of difficult situations or unfavorable circumstances. It implies that life can throw unexpected challenges at us, and we have to face them with resilience and determination. The phrase suggests that adversity is inevitable, and we must find the strength to overcome it.

In April of 1994, Rwanda experienced a horrific genocide where an estimated 800,000 to 1 million people were killed within a span of 100 days. This event was marked by widespread violence and mass killings, primarily targeting the Tutsi ethnic group. The answer of 1,000,000 is the closest estimate to the actual number of people killed during this tragic period in Rwandan history.

The given answer is the conclusion of the story. The resolution is the part where the main character's struggles come to a head and the problems and complications are resolved. It occurs after the climax or crisis and brings the story to a close. The resolution ties up loose ends and provides closure for the reader.

The correct answer is "The climate or feelings in a literary work." Mood refers to the atmosphere or emotional tone created in a literary work. It encompasses the overall feeling or vibe that the author conveys through their choice of words, descriptions, and imagery. The mood can be happy, sad, mysterious, tense, or any other emotion that the author wants to evoke in the reader. It helps to set the tone and create a specific ambiance in the literary piece.

Supercilious means having or showing arrogant superiority. "Lofty with pride" indicates a sense of arrogance, which aligns with the meaning of supercilious. Therefore, supercilious is the correct answer.

The word "uncanny" means strange or mysterious in a way that is unsettling or eerie. In the context of the given question, it suggests that perpetrators of genocide possess an uncanny ability to avoid feeling guilty or remorseful for their actions. This ability is unusual and unsettling because it goes against what is expected of a person's conscience.

The 'juche' philosophy refers to the concept of self-reliance without any external assistance from other countries. It emphasizes the idea that a nation should rely on its own resources, capabilities, and strengths to achieve its goals and develop its economy, rather than depending on help from outside sources. This philosophy is often associated with North Korea, where it has been a guiding principle in their political and economic ideology.

Alliteration is the correct answer because it refers to the repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words. This literary device is often used to create rhythm and enhance the musical quality of a piece of writing. It can also be used to emphasize certain words or ideas. Other options like simile, hyperbole, oxymoron, and foreshadowing do not involve the repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words.

Col. Bagsura was the leader of the Hutu National Army. This indicates that he held a significant position within the military forces of the Hutu ethnic group in Rwanda. As the leader of the army, he would have played a crucial role in commanding and organizing military operations on behalf of the Hutu National Army.

The correct answer, "Cut the tall trees," suggests that this signal was announced on the radio to indicate the start of the genocide. This phrase could have been used as a code or a metaphor to convey the message to those involved in the genocide. It is likely that this signal was used to incite violence and give the perpetrators the go-ahead to carry out their brutal acts.

In NK, only books are permitted that are authored by Kim Il Sung.

The climax is the most exciting part of the story because it is where the main character's struggles reach their peak. It is the moment of highest tension and drama, where the outcome of the story hangs in the balance. The climax is the turning point that leads to the resolution of the conflict and ultimately determines the fate of the main character. It is the culmination of all the problems and complications that the main character has faced throughout the story.

The rising action is the part of the story that often shows the main character involved in a struggle of some sort. It is where the main character experiences problems and complications. This section of the story builds tension and leads up to the climax or turning point of the story. It is the most exciting part as the main character's struggles come to a head.

In this quote, Mandela expresses his belief that the country is eager to achieve greatness. This implies that he sees potential and ambition in the nation, and believes that it has the capacity to accomplish remarkable things. Mandela's statement reflects his optimism and his desire to inspire and motivate the people of the country to strive for excellence and make positive changes.

The answer is correct because it includes all of the eight stages of genocide. Organization refers to the planning and coordination of the genocide, preparation involves the gathering of resources and training, classification is the categorization of people based on their ethnicity or religion, symbolization involves the use of symbols to identify and separate groups, extermination is the mass killing of the targeted group, dehumanization is the portrayal of the targeted group as less than human, polarization refers to the creation of an "us vs. them" mentality, and denial is the refusal to acknowledge or accept the genocide.