Life At The Turn Of The 20th Century 10/4/10
Life At The Turn Of The 20Th Century 10/4/10
- 1.
At the turn of the century, why did most immigrants to the United States settle in cities?
- A.
Jobs were readily available.
- B.
Government relief programs required immigrants to settle in cities.
- C.
Labor union leaders encouraged unrestricted immigration.
- D.
Immigrants were not permitted to buy farmland.
Correct Answer
A. Jobs were readily available.Explanation
Many immigrants during the waves of “new immigration” of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, were leaving home in an effort to find work. The growing US economy and the rise of the machine age were creating large amounts of factory jobs in the urban centers of the North East. Many immigrants entered into cities such as New York, Boston and Philadelphia, found work and settled there.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which statement about immigration to the United States during the 19th century is most valid?
- A.
Organized labor supported unlimited immigration.
- B.
Most immigrants to the United States were illegal aliens.
- C.
Industrial growth led to a demand for cheap immigrant labor.
- D.
Few immigrants came from western Europe.
Correct Answer
C. Industrial growth led to a demand for cheap immigrant labor.Explanation
During the Gilded Age US industrial development was growing at an unprecedented rate. To fuel the increased demand for unskilled workers there was also an increase in immigration from southern and eastern Europe, Asia and elsewhere. These immigrants became known as “New Immigrants” as they were from different regions than the western European immigrants of “Old Immigration”.Rate this question:
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- 3.
"America’s strength lies in its diversity. Many immigrant groups have joined the mainstream of American life, while maintaining their languages, religions, and traditions. This has made the United States a strong nation."The author of this statement could best be described as a supporter of
- A.
Nativism
- B.
Ethnocentrism
- C.
Cultural pluralism
- D.
Limited social mobility
Correct Answer
C. Cultural pluralismExplanation
There are two major ideas on the integration of immigrants into American society, cultural pluralism and assimilation. Cultural pluralism calls for the immigrant to retain his or her ethnic identity within American society, they may live in ethnic neighborhoods (like Chinatown in New York or San Francisco) and continue to speak their native language, continue traditions and retain a clearly identifiable way of life. Assimilation is the concept of shedding traditional practices and language for a more “American” way of life, as well as the adoption of English.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the late 19th century, the pattern of United States immigration changed in that
- A.
Far fewer immigrants arrived in the United States than in previous years
- B.
Most immigrants chose to settle in the rural, farming regions of the western United States
- C.
Increasing numbers of immigrants came from eastern and southern Europe
- D.
Most immigrants were political refugees
Correct Answer
C. Increasing numbers of immigrants came from eastern and southern EuropeExplanation
In the late 19th century, the pattern of United States immigration changed as increasing numbers of immigrants came from eastern and southern Europe. This is supported by historical data which shows a significant increase in immigration from these regions during this time period. This shift in immigration patterns can be attributed to various factors such as economic opportunities, political instability, and social conditions in the immigrants' home countries. The influx of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe had a profound impact on American society and contributed to the cultural diversity and growth of the United States during this period.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which statement about immigration to the United States is most accurate?
- A.
The desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United States
- B.
The ethnic mix of immigrants to the United States has remained mostly unchanged.
- C.
The number of immigrants has remained constant in each decade during most of United States history.
- D.
Nearly all immigrants have easily assimilated into American culture.
Correct Answer
A. The desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United StatesExplanation
Most immigrants to America have viewed it as “The Land of Opportunity” and have come here seeking economic opportunities. Many sought access to land or jobs or an escape from the rigid socioeconomic class structure of their homelands.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What was the experience of most of the “new immigrants” who arrived in the United States from southern and eastern Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s?
- A.
They lived in urban areas and most held lowpaying jobs.
- B.
They obtained free land in the West and became farmers.
- C.
They became discouraged with America and returned to their homelands.
- D.
They were easily assimilated into mainstream American culture.
Correct Answer
A. They lived in urban areas and most held lowpaying jobs.Explanation
Most of the "new immigrants" who arrived in the United States from southern and eastern Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s lived in urban areas and held low-paying jobs. This is because many of these immigrants settled in cities where there were already established communities of people from their home countries. Additionally, these immigrants often faced discrimination and language barriers, making it difficult for them to find higher-paying jobs.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The intent of the United States immigration laws of the 1920s was to
- A.
Increase economic opportunities for recent immigrants
- B.
Encourage cultural diversity
- C.
Restore an open-door policy toward immigration
- D.
Restrict immigration through the use of quotas
Correct Answer
D. Restrict immigration through the use of quotasExplanation
The intent of the United States immigration laws of the 1920s was to restrict immigration through the use of quotas. This was done in response to growing concerns about the influx of immigrants and the impact they were having on the economy and society. The quotas were put in place to limit the number of immigrants from certain countries, in order to maintain a more controlled and selective immigration policy. This was seen as a way to protect American jobs and preserve the cultural and ethnic makeup of the country.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Between 1890 and 1915, the majority of immigrants to the United States were labeled “new immigrants” because they were
- A.
Considered physically and mentally superior to earlier immigrants
- B.
Forced to settle in the cities of the Midwest
- C.
From China, Japan, and other Asian countries
- D.
Culturally different from most earlier immigrants
Correct Answer
D. Culturally different from most earlier immigrantsExplanation
The correct answer is culturally different from most earlier immigrants. During the period between 1890 and 1915, the majority of immigrants to the United States were considered "new immigrants" because they came from different cultural backgrounds compared to earlier waves of immigrants. These new immigrants primarily came from Southern and Eastern European countries, such as Italy, Greece, Poland, and Russia, whereas earlier immigrants were predominantly from Western European countries. This cultural difference in terms of language, customs, and traditions set the new immigrants apart from earlier immigrants and contributed to the labeling of this group as "new immigrants."Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which expression most accurately illustrates the concept of nativism?
- A.
“Help Wanted — Irish Need Not Apply”
- B.
“Go West, young man.”
- C.
“America — first in war and peace”
- D.
“The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself.”
Correct Answer
A. “Help Wanted — Irish Need Not Apply”Explanation
The phrase "Help Wanted — Irish Need Not Apply" most accurately illustrates the concept of nativism because it reflects the discriminatory attitude towards Irish immigrants in the United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Nativism is the belief in protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants, often resulting in prejudice and exclusionary policies. This phrase demonstrates the exclusionary sentiment towards the Irish immigrant population, highlighting the nativist attitudes prevalent during that time.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Over the past twenty years, an objective of United States immigration policy has been to
- A.
Reduce the number of illegal immigrants
- B.
Keep out immigrants from former communist nations
- C.
Return to an open immigration policy
- D.
Encourage emigration from Western Europe
Correct Answer
A. Reduce the number of illegal immigrantsExplanation
The correct answer is "reduce the number of illegal immigrants." This objective of United States immigration policy over the past twenty years reflects a focus on controlling and managing the influx of immigrants who enter the country without proper authorization. This goal aims to address concerns about national security, economic impact, and the need to enforce immigration laws. By reducing the number of illegal immigrants, the United States aims to maintain a more controlled and regulated immigration system.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Between 1870 and 1920, the federal government placed few restrictions on immigration primarily because it wanted to
- A.
Sell land in the West
- B.
Recruit men for the military
- C.
Ensure that there would be workers for the factories
- D.
Avoid offending foreign governments
Correct Answer
C. Ensure that there would be workers for the factoriesExplanation
During the period between 1870 and 1920, the federal government placed few restrictions on immigration because it wanted to ensure that there would be workers for the factories. This was a time of rapid industrialization and economic growth in the United States, and the government needed a large labor force to support the expanding industries. By allowing immigration with minimal restrictions, the government could ensure a steady supply of workers to meet the demands of the factories and fuel the economic development of the country.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the late 19th century, the major argument used by labor union leaders against immigrants was that immigrants
- A.
Contributed little to enrich American life
- B.
Refused to assimilate into American culture
- C.
Took jobs from United States citizens
- D.
Placed financial drains on social services
Correct Answer
C. Took jobs from United States citizensExplanation
Labor union leaders in the late 19th century argued that immigrants took jobs from United States citizens. This argument was based on the belief that the influx of immigrants, who were often willing to work for lower wages, created competition for jobs and lowered wages for American workers. Labor unions sought to protect the interests of American workers by advocating for restrictions on immigration and the prioritization of jobs for citizens.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Speaker A: “Our nation has grown and prospered from the ideas and labor of immigrants. Thenation has been enriched by immigrants from different nations who brought newideas and lifestyles, which have become part of American culture.” Speaker B: “United States industries are competing with established European manufacturers. To prosper, American industries need the vast supply of unskilled labor that isprovided by immigrants.” Speaker C: “Immigrants are taking jobs at low wageswithout regard for long hours and workers’ safety. American workers must unite toend this unfair competition.” Speaker D: “Immigrants arrive in American cities poor and frightened. They are helped to findjobs or housing. These newcomers should show their gratitude at voting time.” Which speaker is most clearly expressing the melting pot theory?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
Speaker A is most clearly expressing the melting pot theory. This is evident from their statement about how the nation has been enriched by immigrants from different nations who have brought new ideas and lifestyles that have become part of American culture. The melting pot theory emphasizes the assimilation and integration of immigrants into the American society, resulting in a diverse and unified culture.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Speaker A: “Our nation has grown and prospered from the ideas and labor of immigrants. Thenation has been enriched by immigrants from different nations who brought newideas and lifestyles, which have become part of American culture.” Speaker B: “United States industries are competing with established European manufacturers. To prosper, American industries need the vast supply of unskilled labor that isprovided by immigrants.” Speaker C: “Immigrants are taking jobs at low wageswithout regard for long hours and workers’ safety. American workers must unite toend this unfair competition.” Speaker D: “Immigrants arrive in American cities poor and frightened. They are helped to findjobs or housing. These newcomers should show their gratitude at voting time.” Speaker D is expressing an opinion most like that of a
- A.
Labor union member
- B.
Religious leader
- C.
Factory owner
- D.
Political party boss
Correct Answer
D. Political party bossExplanation
Speaker D is expressing an opinion most like that of a political party boss because they are suggesting that immigrants should show their gratitude at voting time. This implies that Speaker D is interested in gaining political support and loyalty from immigrants in exchange for the assistance they receive. This aligns with the motivations of a political party boss who seeks to secure votes and maintain political power.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming to the United States settled in the cities along the east coast because
- A.
Many factory jobs were available in the East
- B.
Little farmland remained to be settled in the Midwest
- C.
Most immigrants came from the cities of Europe
- D.
City laws afforded special rights and protections for immigrants
Correct Answer
A. Many factory jobs were available in the EastExplanation
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the United States experienced rapid industrialization, leading to the establishment of numerous factories in the East. These factories offered job opportunities to immigrants, attracting them to settle in the cities along the east coast. The availability of factory jobs made the East an attractive destination for immigrants seeking employment and economic opportunities.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Why did the United States follow a policy of open immigration during much of the 1800s?
- A.
Many United States citizens wanted to live abroad.
- B.
The United States had a shortage of labor.
- C.
Prosperous conditions in Europe resulted in fewer immigrants coming to the United States.
- D.
Immigrants provided United States industry with investment capital.
Correct Answer
B. The United States had a shortage of labor.Explanation
During much of the 1800s, the United States followed a policy of open immigration because the country had a shortage of labor. This means that there were not enough workers available to meet the demands of the growing industries and expanding economy. To address this shortage, the United States welcomed immigrants from various countries, who provided the necessary labor force to support economic development.Rate this question:
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- 17.
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, where did most of the immigrants to the United States settle?
- A.
Urban centers of the Northeast
- B.
Plantations of the New South
- C.
Mining areas of the Far West
- D.
Farming regions of the Great Plains
Correct Answer
A. Urban centers of the NortheastExplanation
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, most immigrants to the United States settled in urban centers of the Northeast. This is because these cities, such as New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, offered job opportunities in industries such as manufacturing and textiles. Additionally, these cities had established immigrant communities and support networks, making it easier for newcomers to settle and find support.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The Gentlemen’s Agreement, literacy tests, and the quota system were all attempts by Congress to restrict
- A.
Immigration
- B.
Property ownership
- C.
Voting rights
- D.
Access to public education
Correct Answer
A. ImmigrationExplanation
The Gentlemen's Agreement, literacy tests, and the quota system were all measures implemented by Congress to limit or control immigration. The Gentlemen's Agreement was an informal agreement between the United States and Japan, which restricted Japanese immigration to the US. Literacy tests were used to exclude immigrants who could not read or write in a specific language, effectively targeting non-English speaking immigrants. The quota system, established by the Immigration Act of 1924, set limits on the number of immigrants allowed into the US based on their country of origin. These measures were all aimed at reducing the number of immigrants entering the country.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The “new immigrants” to the United States between 1890 and 1915 came primarily from
- A.
Northern and western Europe
- B.
Southern and eastern Europe
- C.
East Asia
- D.
Latin America
Correct Answer
B. Southern and eastern EuropeExplanation
During the period between 1890 and 1915, the majority of new immigrants to the United States originated from southern and eastern Europe. This can be attributed to several factors such as economic opportunities, political instability, and religious persecution in their home countries. These immigrants sought better lives and job prospects in the United States, leading to a significant influx from countries such as Italy, Russia, Poland, and Greece. This wave of immigration had a profound impact on American society, contributing to cultural diversity and shaping the nation's demographic landscape.Rate this question:
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- 20.
According to the cartoonist, the United States has
- A.
An ethnically diverse population
- B.
An overly restrictive immigration policy
- C.
A national requirement that high school students learn foreign languages
- D.
A census report printed in languages that are spoken in the United States
Correct Answer
A. An ethnically diverse populationExplanation
The cartoonist suggests that the United States has an ethnically diverse population. This can be inferred from the fact that the cartoonist is depicting people from different ethnic backgrounds in the cartoon.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The data in the chart support the idea that the immigration laws of 1921 and 1924 were primarily designed to
- A.
prejudices generated during World War II
- B.
Hardships caused by the Great Depression
- C.
Pressures from nativists and labor unions
- D.
Threats from other nations to stop migration to the United States
Correct Answer
C. Pressures from nativists and labor unionsExplanation
The data in the chart show a significant decrease in immigration numbers after the implementation of the immigration laws of 1921 and 1924. This suggests that these laws were successful in restricting immigration. The pressures from nativists and labor unions were key factors in advocating for these laws, as they believed that immigrants were taking away jobs from American workers and diluting American culture. Therefore, the data supports the idea that the immigration laws were primarily designed to address these pressures.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Between 1880 and 1920, the majority of the “new” immigrants to the United States came from
- A.
Northern and western Europe
- B.
Southern and eastern Europe
- C.
Canada and Latin America
- D.
China and Southeast Asia
Correct Answer
B. Southern and eastern EuropeExplanation
The majority of "New" immigrants were from Eastern European nations (such as Poland, Russia, Czechoslovakia, etc..) or Southern Europe (Italy, Greece, the Baltics, etc...). These nations tended to be culturally, linguistically and religiously different (more heavily Catholic for example) than the Northern and Western Europeans who had constituted the "old" immigrant groups of the early 1800's (mostly Irish, Germanic, and Scot) .Rate this question:
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