Lecture Final Exam In Microbiology

Shingles is caused by the Varicella zoster virus (VZV), which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus can remain dormant in the body and reactivate later in life, causing shingles. The other options listed (Rhino Virus, Hantavirus, and Coronavirus) are not responsible for causing shingles.

Shingles can emerge due to both stress and immune suppression. Stress weakens the immune system, making it more susceptible to the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes shingles. Immune suppression, whether due to medication or underlying health conditions, also increases the risk of shingles as the body's ability to fight off the virus is compromised. Therefore, a combination of stress and immune suppression can trigger the emergence of shingles.

Shingles usually lasts for 2-4 weeks because it is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. The initial symptoms of shingles include pain, tingling, and a rash, which can last for several weeks. The rash typically forms blisters that scab over and eventually heal. The duration of shingles can vary depending on the individual's immune system and overall health. However, on average, it takes about 2-4 weeks for the rash to fully heal and for the symptoms to subside.

Those who have never had chickenpox are not at risk for Shingles because Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which remains dormant in the body after a person recovers from chickenpox. If someone has never had chickenpox, they have not been infected with the virus and therefore cannot develop Shingles.

The correct answer is nerve axon. The Shingles virus, also known as the varicella-zoster virus, is a type of herpes virus that causes a painful rash. After a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in the nerve cells. It can reactivate later in life and travel along the nerve fibers to the skin, causing the characteristic rash and pain. Therefore, the virus lays dormant in the nerve axons.

Postherpetic neuralgia is the correct answer because it refers to the chronic pain that occurs after an outbreak of shingles. Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. After the shingles rash has healed, some individuals may continue to experience pain in the affected area, which is known as postherpetic neuralgia. This pain can be persistent and debilitating, lasting for months or even years after the initial shingles outbreak.

A dermatome is an area on the skin that is supplied by a specific spinal nerve. Each spinal nerve has a specific dermatome associated with it, and these dermatomes can be used to diagnose and locate nerve damage or disorders. By understanding the distribution of dermatomes, healthcare professionals can determine which spinal nerve may be affected based on the location of symptoms on the skin. Therefore, the correct answer is "An area on the skin supplied by spinal nerves."

Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Antibiotics are not effective against viral infections, so they would not be used to directly treat shingles. However, pain medications can be used to manage the discomfort associated with shingles, such as the pain, itching, and inflammation. Therefore, the correct answer is pain medications, as they are a suitable treatment option for shingles.

Shingles is named after the Latin word for girdle because the rash typically appears in a band or belt-like pattern on one side of the body. The term "girdle" refers to a belt or sash worn around the waist, which is similar to the way the shingles rash wraps around the body.

The severe phase is not a phase of Shingles. Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, typically progresses through three phases: the prodromal phase, the acute eruptive phase, and the postherpetic neuralgia phase. The prodromal phase is characterized by flu-like symptoms, such as fever and fatigue. The acute eruptive phase is when the characteristic rash and blisters appear. The postherpetic neuralgia phase is the most common complication, where pain persists even after the rash has healed. The severe phase is not recognized as a distinct phase in the progression of Shingles.