Latihan Un IPA 2018 D 2

Rhizopus oryzae is used to make tempe, a traditional Indonesian food made from fermented soybeans. This biotechnology involves the use of a specific fungus to break down the soybeans' proteins and carbohydrates, increasing their nutritional value and making them easier to digest. Tempe is a good source of protein and can help meet the community's protein needs, thereby improving their nutritional intake.

The correct answer is "tumbuhan membutuhkan cahaya untuk fotosintesis" because in the experiment conducted by Ingenhausz, it was observed that plants produce oxygen bubbles in the presence of light. This indicates that light is necessary for the process of photosynthesis to occur in plants.

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The correct answer is 1), 3) and 5) because these phenomena are all abiotic, meaning they are not related to living organisms. The freezing of the lake surface in winter is a physical process caused by low temperatures, the thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere is a result of chemical reactions, and the formation of cloudy weather due to condensation in the air is a physical process.

The correct answer is Q, T, dan S. This is because in the given data, the order of the solutions that are acidic, basic, and neutral is Q, T, and S respectively.

The correct answer is 15 menit 42 detik. This is because it is the closest option to the given time of "15 menit 43 detik". The other options are either too long or too short compared to the given time.

The given correct answer suggests that the physical properties of kecap, asap, and batu can be described by the statements (3,5), (6,4), and (1,2). This means that their shape and volume can change, the distance between molecules is very close, and there is free movement of molecules within their respective groups. Additionally, the weak attractive force between particles is also a characteristic of these substances.

The behavior exhibited by the chameleon, where its body changes color to blend with the surroundings, is an example of adaptation. Adaptation refers to the ability of an organism to adjust and modify its behavior, physiology, or structure to better suit its environment. In this case, the chameleon's ability to change color helps it camouflage and hide from predators or prey, increasing its chances of survival.

The correct answer is 1 and 2. The image shows the respiratory system, and the numbers 1 and 2 indicate the places where sound resonance and filtering of foreign objects entering occur.

The correct answer is 1 dan 3. This is because both air laut and gaam dapur are mixtures, while the rest of the options consist of either compounds (asam sulfat) or elements (alumunium and tembaga).

The correct answer is 3 dan 4. The image shows the female reproductive organs, and the numbers 3 and 4 indicate the sequence of the ovum production and embryo growth. This implies that number 3 represents the organ that produces the ovum (ovary), while number 4 represents the organ where the embryo grows (uterus).

Fruktosa memiliki rumus kimia C6H12O6, yang menunjukkan bahwa fruktosa terdiri dari lebih dari satu unsur (karbon, hidrogen, dan oksigen) yang terikat bersama dalam molekul. Oleh karena itu, fruktosa digolongkan sebagai molekul senyawa.

The mass of object X in the measurement shown in the picture is 0.55 kg.

Andi dapat mengetahui bahwa jenis zat padat yang dia dipanaskan adalah perak berdasarkan data kalor jenis yang terdapat pada tabel. Kalor jenis perak adalah 92 J/kg°C, sehingga untuk memanaskan 2 kg perak dari suhu 25°C sampai 65°C membutuhkan kalor sebesar 18.400 J.

The correct answer is 6 A. This can be determined using Ohm's Law, which states that the current (I) flowing through a resistor is equal to the voltage (V) across the resistor divided by the resistance (R). In this case, the voltage is not given, but since the resistance is 10 ohms, we can assume that the voltage is 60 volts (V = I * R). Therefore, the current flowing through the resistor is 6 A (I = V / R = 60 V / 10 ohms = 6 A).

The correct answer is 14 m to the right because the question states that the work done on the object is 280 Joules. Work is defined as the product of force and displacement, so in order to calculate the displacement, we need to know the force applied. However, since the question does not provide information about the force, we can assume that the force is constant. Therefore, the displacement can be calculated by dividing the work by the force. Since the work is positive (indicating that energy is being transferred to the object), the displacement will also be positive, indicating movement to the right.

The graph shows a straight line with a positive slope from point A to B, indicating that the car is moving in a straight line with constant acceleration. From point C to D, the graph shows a horizontal line, indicating that the car is stationary. Therefore, the correct answer is that the car moves in a straight line with constant acceleration from A to B, and is stationary from C to D.

The correct answer is A. The graph shows a positive correlation between the increasing population and the quality of clean water. This means that as the population increases, the quality of clean water also improves.

Perubahan kimia melibatkan perubahan komposisi zat dan terjadi ketika ikatan kimia diubah atau diputus. Dalam kasus ini, kedelai yang dibuat menjadi tempe melibatkan proses fermentasi di mana mikroorganisme mengubah komposisi kedelai. Minyak tanah yang terbakar menjadi gas melibatkan reaksi oksidasi yang mengubah struktur kimia minyak menjadi gas. Daun hijau yang berubah menjadi kuning melibatkan proses fotosintesis yang mengubah pigmen daun. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang benar adalah 2), 3), dan 5).

The correct answer is 1 and 5. In the given image of the nephron, the number 1 represents the Bowman's capsule, which is responsible for the formation of primary urine. Number 5 represents the collecting duct, which is responsible for the formation of true urine. Therefore, both 1 and 5 are the parts of the nephron where the primary urine and true urine are formed.

The correct answer is (3) dan (2). This is because the resultant force is the vector sum of all the individual forces acting on an object. In the given picture, the force represented by number (3) is the largest, indicating that it has the greatest magnitude. The object that experiences the greatest acceleration is the one that experiences the largest resultant force. Therefore, the object represented by number (2) experiences the greatest acceleration.

The correct answer is 5 dan 6. Based on the provided image, it can be observed that the parts labeled as 5 and 6 are responsible for cellular respiration and regulating the movement of substances.

The correct answer is 2 and 6 because in the given image, the tissue responsible for photosynthesis is indicated by number 2, which is the green tissue in the leaves. The tissue responsible for transport, which is the vascular tissue, is indicated by number 6, which is the veins in the leaves. Therefore, both tissue types are present in numbers 2 and 6.

When the tall and round-seeded mango plant (TTBB) is crossed with the short and elongated-seeded mango plant (ttbb), the resulting mango plant is tall and round-seeded (TtBb). If this plant is crossed with itself (self-pollination), the offspring in the F2 generation will have a genotype ratio of 1 TtBb : 2 Ttbb : 1 ttbb. Therefore, the number of mango plants that are short and round-seeded (ttbb) in the F2 generation is 1.

The excessive use of agricultural fertilizers can lead to the overgrowth of water plants such as water hyacinth (eceng gondok) in rivers. These plants thrive on the nutrients from the fertilizers, causing them to grow densely and cover the entire surface of the river. This can disrupt the ecosystem and affect the natural flow of the water, leading to negative consequences for the environment and other living organisms.

The correct answer is "tulang lengan atas dan tulang lengan bawah." This is because the image shows a joint between the upper arm bone (tulang lengan atas) and the lower arm bone (tulang lengan bawah).

The correct answer is that Q attracts X because Q has a south pole and X has a north pole. This is based on the principle of magnetism, where opposite poles attract each other.

Gelombang dengan panjang gelombang 50 cm dan frekuensi 5 Hz memiliki hubungan yang berlawanan dengan panjang gelombang dan frekuensi. Panjang gelombang adalah jarak antara dua puncak atau dua lembah berturut-turut dalam gelombang, sedangkan frekuensi adalah jumlah gelombang yang melewati suatu titik dalam satu detik. Dalam kasus ini, semakin panjang gelombang, semakin rendah frekuensinya, dan sebaliknya. Oleh karena itu, gelombang dengan panjang gelombang 50 cm dan frekuensi 5 Hz adalah jawaban yang benar.

Ani's inability to read the writing on the board when not wearing glasses suggests that she has myopia, also known as nearsightedness. This means that she can see objects up close clearly, but has difficulty seeing distant objects. When Ani moves closer to the board, she is able to see clearly, indicating that her myopia can be corrected with a negative lens. The specific lens power needed is -0.5 diopters.

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The question states that a 2 kg object falls from a height of 15 m. Using the equation for gravitational potential energy (PE = mgh), we can calculate that the potential energy at the starting position (position 1) is 2 kg * 10 m/s^2 * 15 m = 300 J. At position 2, the object has fallen a distance of 7 m, so the potential energy at this position is 2 kg * 10 m/s^2 * 7 m = 140 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 140 J.

The correct answer is A because it is the only position that matches the given table and is consistent with the description "benda yang benar sesuai dengan gambar" (object that matches the picture).

The correct answer is 1 and 2. This means that the correct pairing between the type of additive and its function is option 1 and option 2. However, without the information from the table, it is not possible to provide a specific explanation for why this pairing is correct.

The correct answer is 2000 s. To calculate the time required to heat the water, we can use the formula Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature. Given that the mass of the water is 5 kg, the specific heat capacity is 4200 J/kg C, and the change in temperature is 60 C (90 C - 30 C), we can calculate the heat energy as Q = (5 kg)(4200 J/kg C)(60 C) = 1,260,000 J. The power (P) is equal to the product of voltage (V) and current (I), so P = (210 V)(3 A) = 630 W. The time (t) can be calculated using the formula P = Q/t, which gives us t = Q/P = 1,260,000 J / 630 W = 2000 s.

Based on the image of the transformer, the primary coil has 500 windings. The primary and secondary coils are connected by magnetic flux, and the ratio of windings in the primary and secondary coils determines the voltage ratio between them. Since the question asks for the number of windings in the secondary coil, the correct answer is 125 windings.

The question provides information about the time intervals between the sound waves produced by the firecracker. It states that the first echo is heard 0.6 seconds after the firecracker explodes, and the second echo is heard 0.8 seconds after the first echo. By subtracting the time intervals, we can determine that the time between the first and second echo is 0.2 seconds. Given that the speed of sound in air is 330 m/s, we can calculate the distance using the formula distance = speed × time. Therefore, the distance between the two walls is 330 m/s × 0.2 s = 66 m. However, since the sound wave travels from the firecracker to the wall and then back to the observer, we need to double the distance, resulting in a total distance of 66 m × 2 = 132 m. Therefore, the correct answer is 231 m.

The correct answer is Jeruk dan lengkeng karena berkeping dua. This is because the question asks for the plants that belong to the same group as kacang tanah. Jeruk and lengkeng are both fruits that have two segments, similar to kacang tanah which also has two segments. Therefore, they are grouped together.

The correct answer is (1) dan (2). This is because statement (1) mentions that the orbit is between Mars and Jupiter, which is a characteristic of asteroids. Statement (2) mentions that it revolves around the sun, which is a characteristic of both asteroids and moons. Therefore, both statements (1) and (2) describe characteristics of both asteroids and moons.

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