Basis Data

The correct answer is "SELECT * FROM NILAI WHERE MID >= 70 OR FINAL > 85". This SQL query selects all data from the table "NILAI" where the value of the column "MID" is greater than or equal to 70, or the value of the column "FINAL" is greater than 85. This query will display all the data that meets this condition.

The given SQL syntax "DROP DATABASE Mahasiswa;" is an example of a Data Definition Language (DDL) statement. DDL is used to define and manage the structure of a database, including creating, altering, and deleting database objects such as tables, views, and indexes. The "DROP DATABASE" statement specifically deletes an entire database from the system. DDL statements do not manipulate or retrieve data, which distinguishes them from Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements.

The given SQL syntax is an example of DML (Data Manipulation Language). DML is used to modify, insert, delete, and update data in a database. In this case, the UPDATE statement is used to modify the ALAMAT (address) column in the MHS (students) table, setting it to "Depok" for the student with the NPM (student ID) of "50096487". DML statements are used to manipulate the data within a database, while DDL (Data Definition Language) is used to define the structure of the database and DCL (Data Control Language) is used to control access and permissions.

Normalisasi adalah proses mengorganisir data dalam basis data untuk menghilangkan redundansi dan meminimalkan anomali. Tujuan normalisasi adalah untuk menghilangkan kerangkapan data, mengurangi kompleksitas, mempermudah pemodifikasian data, dan menghilangkan redundansi. Namun, tujuan normalisasi tidak termasuk untuk mempermudah terjadinya anomali, karena anomali adalah hal yang harus dihindari dalam desain basis data yang baik.

The correct answer is Varchar. In SQL, Varchar is a data type that can store variable-length character strings with a maximum length of 255 characters. It is commonly used when the length of the string may vary. Char, on the other hand, is a data type that stores fixed-length character strings, and Text is a data type that can store large amounts of text data. Float and Double are data types used for storing floating-point numbers.

The correct answer is "Tampilkan data mata kuliah yang memiliki kode 360 atau yang memilki sks =4." This means that the query will display the information of the courses that have a code of 360 or have a credit value of 4.

The given definition states that attribute Y in relation R is functionally dependent on attribute X if and only if every value of X in relation R has exactly one value of Y in R. This aligns with the concept of functional dependency, which refers to a relationship between two sets of attributes in a database. Therefore, the correct answer is "Ketergantungan fungsional" (Functional dependency).

A primary key is a minimal set of attributes that not only uniquely identifies a specific occurrence but can also represent any occurrence of an entity. It is used to uniquely identify each record in a table and ensures data integrity and consistency. The primary key constraint ensures that the values in the key are unique and not null. It is an essential concept in database design and is used to establish relationships between tables.

The correct answer is "ALTER TABLE MHS ADD (JKEL char(1));". This is the correct syntax to add a column named JKEL with a length of 1 char to the table MHS. The ALTER TABLE statement is used to modify the structure of a table, and the ADD keyword is used to add a new column to the table. The column name (JKEL) and its data type (char(1)) are specified in parentheses.

The given explanation states that attribute Z in relation R is said to depend transitively on attribute X if attribute Y depends on attribute X in relation R and attribute Z depends on attribute Y in relation R. This matches the definition of transitive dependency, where if X -> Y and Y -> Z, then X -> Z. Therefore, the correct answer is "Ketergantungan transitif."

Kroenke is the correct answer because the given explanation matches the concept of normalization. Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to eliminate redundancy and dependency issues, resulting in multiple tables that do not have anomalies. This aligns with the explanation provided, which states that normalization is the process of converting a relation with certain problems into two or more relations that do not have those problems (anomalies).

This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the given scenario as a deadlock. A deadlock occurs when two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource. In this case, both transactions are in a waiting state, preventing them from being executed and leading to a deadlock situation.

The correct answer is Lost Update Problem. This problem occurs when two transactions access the same item in a database, resulting in the value of the database becoming incorrect. It is a concurrency issue where one transaction overwrites the changes made by another transaction, leading to data inconsistency.

Time stamping is one of the alternative concurrency control mechanisms that can eliminate the problem of deadlock. In this mechanism, each transaction is assigned a unique timestamp, which represents the order of their execution. When a transaction requests a resource, the system checks its timestamp with the timestamp of the current holder of the resource. If the requesting transaction has a higher timestamp, it is allowed to access the resource, otherwise, it is made to wait. This ensures that transactions are executed in a non-conflicting order, preventing deadlock situations.

A synchpoint refers to the point in a transaction where the database is in a consistent state and the changes made by the transaction are permanently saved. It signifies the end of a transaction and ensures that all the changes made are properly synchronized and integrated into the database.