Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy

10 Questions | By Adsie | Last updated: Dec 14, 2012 | Total Attempts: 254

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Overview of causes, management of neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

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Questions and Answers

1.

HIE is the main cause of cerebral palsy.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
2.

Figure: a CTGFetal distress can be detected by: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  CTG
- B.
  
  Scalp pH
- C.
  
  Fibronectin
- D.
  
  Cord gas
- E.
  
  Cord doppler
3.

Figure: Virginia Apgar5 minute APGAR is a good predictor of HIE
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
4.

Grades of HIE were described by: (1 correct answer only)
- A.
  
  Sarnat
- B.
  
  Sarlat
- C.
  
  Scarlatti
- D.
  
  Azzopardi
5.

Mechanism of injury is: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  ATP depletion
- B.
  
  Reperfusion injury
- C.
  
  Programmed cell death
- D.
  
  Calcium influx
- E.
  
  Shearing
6.

The following are signs of moderately severe HIE (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  Irritability
- B.
  
  Seizures
- C.
  
  Absent primitive reflexes
- D.
  
  Small or poorly reacting pupils
- E.
  
  Hypertonia
7.

Electrolyte abnormalities in HIE can be due to: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  Fluid overload
- B.
  
  Acute tubular necrosis
- C.
  
  Cerebral salt wasting
- D.
  
  Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
8.

Figure: KernicterusAssociations of HIE are: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  Dilated cardiomyopathy
- B.
  
  Kernicterus
- C.
  
  Pulmonary hypertension
- D.
  
  Meconium aspiration
- E.
  
  Necrotizing enterocolitis
9.

Features of HIE on early CT brain include: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  Asymmetry
- B.
  
  Haemorrhage
- C.
  
  Calcified lesions
- D.
  
  Hypoechoic lesions
- E.
  
  Slit like ventricles
10.

A poor prognosis is associated with: (multiple correct answers possible)
- A.
  
  Lack of spontaneous respiration at 20 minutes after birth
- B.
  
  Seizures
- C.
  
  White matter changes on MRI
- D.
  
  Abnormal tone at 7 days
- E.
  
  High resistivity index on cranial Ultrasound doppler at 24 hours

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