1.
According to legend, Rome was founded by:
Correct Answer
D. Romulus
Explanation
According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus. He and his twin brother Remus were abandoned as infants and were raised by a she-wolf. As they grew older, Romulus and Remus decided to build a city, but a dispute arose over its location. Romulus ended up killing Remus and became the sole founder of Rome. This legend is a significant part of Roman mythology and is often cited as the origin of the city.
2.
Hannibal was
Correct Answer
B. From Carthage
Explanation
Hannibal was a great Roman general from Carthage. This means that he was not a Roman emperor or the king of Spain. Carthage was an ancient city-state located in North Africa, and Hannibal, as a general from Carthage, is known for his military tactics and his famous campaign against Rome during the Second Punic War.
3.
Carthage was in
Correct Answer
C. Africa
Explanation
Carthage was an ancient city-state located in present-day Tunisia, which is in Africa. It was a major power in the Mediterranean region and a rival of Rome. Carthage was known for its strong navy and trade networks, and it played a significant role in the Punic Wars against Rome. Therefore, the correct answer is Africa.
4.
Hannibal
Correct Answer
A. Crossed the Alps with elepHants
Explanation
Hannibal is known for his famous military campaign during the Second Punic War, where he led his army, including elephants, across the treacherous Alps to attack the Roman Republic. This daring and unconventional strategy allowed him to surprise the Romans and achieve several victories. The successful crossing of the Alps with elephants became one of Hannibal's most significant achievements and is often cited as a testament to his strategic brilliance and determination.
5.
Cicero was
Correct Answer
D. A Roman senator
Explanation
Cicero was a Roman senator. He was a prominent figure in ancient Rome and known for his skills as an orator and philosopher. Cicero played a significant role in Roman politics and was known for his speeches and writings advocating for the preservation of the Roman Republic. He was involved in various political and legal affairs, including his famous prosecution of the corrupt governor Verres. Cicero's influence and contributions as a senator made him one of the most influential figures in Roman history.
6.
Epicureanism was
Correct Answer
D. Opposed to religion as evil
Explanation
Epicureanism was a philosophical system that advocated for a life of pleasure and the absence of pain. It emphasized the pursuit of happiness and tranquility through the avoidance of unnecessary desires and fears. While it did not explicitly label religion as evil, Epicureans were generally critical of religious beliefs and practices that caused fear, anxiety, or hindered one's ability to live a pleasurable life. Therefore, it can be inferred that Epicureanism was opposed to religion as it was seen as an obstacle to achieving a state of well-being and contentment.
7.
Stoicism was
Correct Answer
C. A pantheistic view in which nature was god
Explanation
Stoicism was a philosophical view that believed in a pantheistic perspective, which means that nature itself was considered as god. This belief emphasized the interconnectedness of everything in the universe and the idea that divinity was present in all aspects of nature. Stoics saw the universe as a rational and orderly system governed by natural laws, and they believed that individuals should align themselves with this natural order to find inner peace and live virtuously. By recognizing the divine nature of the world, Stoics aimed to cultivate a sense of harmony and acceptance of the events and circumstances they encountered in life.
8.
Marie Curie was
Correct Answer
B. A scientist
Explanation
Marie Curie was a scientist, known for her groundbreaking research on radioactivity. She made significant contributions to the field of science, becoming the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields. Her work revolutionized the understanding of radiation and its applications in medicine and industry. Curie's dedication to scientific discovery and her perseverance in a male-dominated field have made her an inspirational figure for women in science.
9.
A jazz trumpet player during the 1930's was
Correct Answer
A. Louis Armstrong
Explanation
Louis Armstrong was a renowned jazz trumpet player during the 1930s. He was a pioneer of jazz music and his innovative playing style revolutionized the genre. Armstrong's virtuosic trumpet skills, unique improvisational abilities, and distinctive gravelly voice made him one of the most influential and beloved musicians of the 20th century. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest jazz musicians of all time and his impact on the development of jazz cannot be overstated. Armstrong's contributions to the genre during the 1930s solidified his status as an iconic figure in jazz history.
10.
Which of the following was NOT assoiciated with Franklin D. Roosevelt?
Correct Answer
C. World War I
Explanation
Franklin D. Roosevelt was associated with the New Deal, which was a series of economic programs implemented to help the United States recover from the Great Depression. He was also known for his battle with polio, which left him partially paralyzed. Additionally, Roosevelt was the President of the United States during World War II, leading the country through the war. However, World War I occurred before Roosevelt's presidency, so he was not directly associated with it.
11.
Who was the scourge of God?
Correct Answer
C. Atilla
Explanation
Atilla is known as the scourge of God because he was a powerful leader of the Huns who led numerous military campaigns and brought devastation to many parts of Europe. His brutal tactics and ability to conquer and pillage various territories earned him the title "scourge of God." Atilla's empire stretched from the Danube River to the Black Sea, and his raids and invasions caused fear and destruction among his enemies. His reign and military prowess left a lasting impact on European history, making him a fitting answer to the question.
12.
Cicero was Rome's greatest emperor.
Correct Answer
B. False; Rome's greatest orator
Explanation
The statement is false because Cicero was not an emperor of Rome, but rather a renowned orator. He was known for his eloquence and influential speeches, which made him one of Rome's greatest orators. However, he never held the title or position of an emperor.
13.
Who nearly defeated Rome with elephants?
Correct Answer
C. Hannibal
Explanation
Hannibal nearly defeated Rome with elephants. Hannibal was a Carthaginian military commander during the Second Punic War. He famously led his army, which included a number of war elephants, across the Alps to attack Rome. His tactics and strategies were highly successful, and he won several major battles against the Roman army. Although he was ultimately unable to capture Rome itself, his campaigns caused significant damage to Rome and posed a serious threat to its dominance.
14.
Remus founded Rome after killing his brother
Correct Answer
B. False: Romulus
Explanation
Remus did not found Rome after killing his brother. It was actually Romulus who founded Rome after killing his twin brother Remus. This story is a part of Roman mythology and the founding of Rome is often attributed to Romulus.
15.
A child who was born of a virgin in Bethlehem.
Correct Answer
Jesus
Explanation
The given answer, Jesus, is correct because according to Christian belief, Jesus was born of a virgin named Mary in Bethlehem. This event is described in the New Testament of the Bible, specifically in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. The virgin birth is considered a miraculous event and is an important aspect of Jesus' divine nature. It is a central belief in Christianity that Jesus is the Son of God and the Savior of humanity.
16.
Constantine’s father.
Correct Answer
B. Constantius
Explanation
Constantine's father was Constantius.
17.
Attila’s brother
Correct Answer
A. Bleda
Explanation
The correct answer is Bleda. The question is asking for the name of Attila's brother. Among the given options, Bleda is the only name that fits the criteria.
18.
First-century new agers/pantheists.
Correct Answer
B. Stoics
Explanation
The Stoics were a philosophical group in the first century who believed in living in harmony with nature and accepting fate. They emphasized the importance of reason and self-control, and believed that virtue was the highest good. The Stoics believed that everything in the universe was interconnected and that one should strive to live in accordance with the natural order of things. They valued inner peace and tranquility, and believed that one should not be attached to external circumstances or possessions.
19.
Who wrote 1 Timothy?
Correct Answer
Paul
Explanation
The correct answer is Paul because 1 Timothy is traditionally attributed to the apostle Paul. This is supported by the internal evidence of the letter itself, which claims to be written by Paul (1 Timothy 1:1). Additionally, early church fathers such as Clement of Alexandria and Tertullian also attributed the letter to Paul. However, some scholars debate the authorship of 1 Timothy, suggesting that it may have been written by a disciple or follower of Paul.
20.
Who wrote 1 Peter?
Correct Answer
Peter
Explanation
Peter is the correct answer because the question is asking for the author of the book of 1 Peter. The book itself states in the first verse that it is written by Peter, who identifies himself as an apostle of Jesus Christ. Therefore, Peter is the author of 1 Peter.
21.
Who wrote the book of Revelations?
Correct Answer
John
Explanation
The book of Revelations was written by John.
22.
From Abraham’s seed, a tribe of Judah, heir of David’s throne.
Correct Answer
A. Jesus
Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer, Jesus, is that according to Christian belief, Jesus is considered to be from the lineage of Abraham and the tribe of Judah. He is also believed to be the heir of David's throne, as prophesied in the Old Testament. Therefore, Jesus fits the description given in the question.
23.
Constantine was
Correct Answer(s)
B. First Christian emperor
C. Son of Constantius
Explanation
Constantine was the first Christian emperor and the son of Constantius. This means that he was the first Roman emperor to embrace Christianity as his religion and he was the son of Constantius, who was also an emperor.
24.
Which apostle did not die a martyr?
Correct Answer
A. John
Explanation
John is the correct answer because he is the only apostle mentioned in the options who did not die a martyr. According to historical accounts, John died of natural causes in old age, while the other apostles mentioned, Timothy and Peter, were both martyred for their faith.
25.
Which book did Benedict write?
Correct Answer
A. The rule of St. Benedict
Explanation
The correct answer is "The rule of St. Benedict" because Benedict is known for writing a set of rules for monastic life called "The Rule of St. Benedict." This book outlines guidelines and principles for living a religious and disciplined life in a monastic community. It has been widely influential in Western monasticism and is still followed by many religious orders today.
26.
The Venerable Bede gave us the designation of A.D. and B.C.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because The Venerable Bede, an English monk and scholar from the 8th century, is credited with popularizing the use of the designations A.D. (Anno Domini) and B.C. (Before Christ) to mark the years in the Western calendar. Bede's work, specifically his book "Ecclesiastical History of the English People," played a significant role in the adoption of this dating system, which is still widely used today.
27.
Gave us the official Bible translation of the Roman Catholic Church?
Correct Answer
C. Jerome
Explanation
Jerome is the correct answer because he is known for his translation of the Bible into Latin, which is known as the Vulgate. The Vulgate became the official Bible translation of the Roman Catholic Church and had a significant impact on the development of Christianity. Venerable Bede and St. Benedict were important figures in the history of Christianity, but they were not directly involved in Bible translation or the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church.
28.
Had vision of a cross before the Battle at Milvan Bridge.
Correct Answer
B. Constantine
Explanation
Constantine had a vision of a cross before the Battle at Milvan Bridge. This vision is famously known as the "Vision of the Cross" and is said to have occurred in 312 AD. According to the accounts, Constantine saw a cross in the sky with the words "In this sign, conquer." This vision led Constantine to convert to Christianity and he went on to win the Battle at Milvan Bridge, solidifying his position as the sole ruler of the Roman Empire.
29.
Who divided Rome?
Correct Answer
C. Diocletion
Explanation
Diocletion is the correct answer because he was the Roman Emperor who divided the Roman Empire into two parts in 286 AD. This division, known as the Tetrarchy, was an attempt to better govern the vast territory of the empire. Diocletion appointed Maximian as co-emperor and divided the empire into the Western and Eastern halves, with each emperor ruling one half. This division eventually led to the permanent split of the Roman Empire into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.
30.
Augustine was converted after listening to sermons by this man in Milan.
Correct Answer
B. Ambrose
Explanation
Augustine was converted after listening to sermons by Ambrose in Milan. Ambrose was a bishop and a renowned preacher in the early Christian Church. His sermons influenced and inspired Augustine, leading to his conversion to Christianity. Ambrose's teachings and guidance played a significant role in Augustine's spiritual journey and eventual transformation into one of the most influential theologians in Christian history.
31.
A man whose teaching was rejected as heresy by the Council of Nicea.
Correct Answer
A. Arius
Explanation
Arius is the correct answer because he was a man whose teachings were deemed heretical by the Council of Nicea. The Council of Nicea was an important event in early Christianity where church leaders gathered to address theological issues, including the nature of Jesus Christ. Arius believed that Jesus was a created being and not equal to God, which went against the orthodox Christian belief in the divinity of Jesus. As a result, his teachings were rejected and he was labeled a heretic.
32.
Augustine's mother
Correct Answer
C. Monica
Explanation
Monica is the correct answer because Augustine's mother's name was Monica.
33.
Who
did Constantine defeat at Milvian Bridge?
Correct Answer
B. Maxentius
Explanation
Constantine defeated Maxentius at Milvian Bridge. The battle took place in 312 AD and was a significant event in the rise of Constantine as the sole ruler of the Roman Empire. Maxentius was a rival claimant to the throne, and Constantine's victory solidified his power and allowed him to establish himself as the dominant leader. The battle marked a turning point in Roman history and had a profound impact on the subsequent development of Christianity in the empire.
34.
Constantine's mother.
Correct Answer
Helena
Explanation
Helena is the correct answer because she was the mother of Constantine the Great, a Roman emperor who ruled from 306 to 337 AD. Helena is often remembered for her Christian faith and her influence on Constantine's conversion to Christianity. She is also known for her charitable works and her pilgrimage to the Holy Land, where she reportedly discovered the True Cross. Helena's role as Constantine's mother makes her an important figure in Roman history and the spread of Christianity.
35.
Fausta
Correct Answer
A. Constantine's wife
Explanation
The given options are all related to Constantine, but the correct answer is Constantine's wife. This is because the options include Constantine's mother and sister, which are not correct as Constantine was a male. Therefore, the only remaining option is Constantine's wife, which is the correct answer.
36.
Eastern emperor who fell off his horse and died, thus escaping battle with Attila.
Correct Answer
C. Theodosius
Explanation
Theodosius is the correct answer because he was the Eastern emperor who fell off his horse and died, which allowed him to escape the battle with Attila. This event is known as the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains, where the Roman general Aetius led an alliance against Attila and his Huns. Maxentius is not a relevant figure in this context.
37.
Roman general who finally defeated Attila.
Correct Answer
B. Aetius
Explanation
Aetius is the correct answer because he was a Roman general who played a crucial role in defeating Attila the Hun in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in 451 AD. Aetius was able to gather a coalition of Roman and Germanic forces to successfully repel Attila's invasion of Western Europe. His victory marked a turning point in the decline of the Roman Empire and halted Attila's advance into Roman territory.
38.
Sister of Western Emperor Valentinian who was in jail for sexual misconduct.
Correct Answer
B. Honoria
Explanation
Honoria is the correct answer because she was the sister of Western Emperor Valentinian and she was indeed imprisoned for sexual misconduct. Honoria was known for her scandalous behavior and had an affair with a chamberlain in the imperial court. As a result, she was confined to a convent as punishment for her actions. Therefore, Honoria fits the description given in the question.
39.
Honoria promised half the gold in the western empire to this man if he would liberate her.
Correct Answer
B. Atilla and the huns
Explanation
Honoria promised half the gold in the western empire to Atilla and the Huns if they would liberate her.
40.
Great military strategist who defeated the Romans at the Battle of Cannae.
Correct Answer
C. Hannibal
Explanation
Hannibal was a great military strategist who defeated the Romans at the Battle of Cannae. He was a Carthaginian general during the Second Punic War and is renowned for his tactical brilliance and ability to outmaneuver his enemies. At the Battle of Cannae, Hannibal's forces surrounded and annihilated a much larger Roman army, causing a devastating defeat for Rome. This victory demonstrated Hannibal's exceptional military skills and solidified his reputation as one of history's greatest military commanders.
41.
Pre-Christ Greek philosopher who influenced the theology of Augustine.
Correct Answer
B. Plato
Explanation
Plato is the correct answer because he was a pre-Christ Greek philosopher who had a significant influence on the theology of Augustine. Plato's ideas, particularly his theory of Forms and his concept of the soul, greatly influenced Augustine's understanding of God, knowledge, and the nature of reality. Augustine often drew upon and adapted Plato's philosophy in his own theological writings, making Plato a key figure in shaping Augustine's theological thought. Aristotle and Locke, while also influential philosophers, did not have the same direct impact on Augustine's theology as Plato did.
42.
First-century materialists.
Correct Answer
B. Epicureans
Explanation
The Epicureans were a philosophical group in the first century who believed in the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain as the ultimate goal in life. They believed that pleasure could be obtained through the absence of physical and mental suffering, and emphasized the importance of friendship and simple pleasures. This belief system was in contrast to the Stoics, who believed in living in harmony with nature, and the Christians, who followed the teachings of Jesus Christ. Therefore, the Epicureans are the correct answer as they were one of the first-century materialist groups.
43.
Author of City of God
Correct Answer
A. Augustine
Explanation
Augustine is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the author of the book "City of God." This influential work was written in the early 5th century and explores the relationship between the earthly city and the city of God. Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine, was a prominent theologian and philosopher in the early Christian church. His writings have had a significant impact on Western philosophy and theology, making him a key figure in the development of Christian thought.
44.
Called the “Father of English history”
Correct Answer
A. Venerable Bede
Explanation
Venerable Bede is known as the "Father of English history" because he was an influential Anglo-Saxon scholar and historian. He wrote several works, including "Ecclesiastical History of the English People," which is considered one of the most important historical sources for early medieval England. Bede's writings provided valuable insights into the history, culture, and religion of the time, and his meticulous approach to research and documentation set a standard for future historians. His contributions to English history earned him the title of the "Father of English history."
45.
Translated Greek and Hebrew Bible into the Latin Vulgate.
Correct Answer
B. Jerome
Explanation
Jerome is the correct answer because he is known for translating the Greek and Hebrew Bible into the Latin Vulgate. The Latin Vulgate became the standard version of the Bible in the Western Church for over a millennium and had a significant impact on the development of Christianity. King George and Venerable Bede are not associated with this specific translation.
46.
The coast of Judaea is adjacent to what body of water?
Correct Answer
B. Mediterranean Sea
Explanation
The coast of Judaea is adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea.
47.
The magi followed the star to this famous Judean town.
Correct Answer
B. Bethlehem
Explanation
The magi followed the star to Bethlehem because it is a famous Judean town.
48.
Augustine taught rhetoric in this N. African city.
Correct Answer
A. Carthage
Explanation
Augustine taught rhetoric in Carthage, a North African city. Carthage was a major center of learning and culture in the ancient world, known for its renowned schools and scholars. Augustine himself studied and taught in Carthage before eventually becoming a prominent philosopher and theologian. His time in Carthage greatly influenced his intellectual development and played a significant role in shaping his later writings and teachings.
49.
Ambrose was bishop in what city?
Correct Answer
A. Milan
Explanation
Ambrose was a bishop in the city of Milan. This is evident from historical records and his significant role in the religious and political affairs of Milan during the 4th century. He was known for his strong leadership and influential teachings, which had a lasting impact on the Christian community in Milan and beyond.
50.
Athanasius was bishop in which city?
Correct Answer
C. Alexandria
Explanation
Athanasius was the bishop in Alexandria.