Grafting Quiz

Grafting is a process in which two different plants are united so that they grow as one. This is achieved by joining a shoot or bud from one plant, known as the scion, onto the root system of another plant, known as the rootstock. The scion and rootstock are carefully matched to ensure compatibility and successful grafting. Grafting is commonly used in horticulture and agriculture to propagate plants, improve their growth and yield, and create new varieties with desirable traits.

In grafting, the cambium layer of both the scion (the upper part of the plant that is grafted onto the rootstock) and the rootstock (the lower part of the plant onto which the scion is grafted) need to be carefully matched. The cambium layer is responsible for the growth of new cells and the formation of vascular tissues, so matching the cambium layers ensures proper nutrient and water flow between the scion and rootstock, leading to a successful grafting process.

The question is asking for the type of grafting that is not included in the options. The options provided are Cleft, Saw, Bark, and Bridge. Cleft, Bark, and Bridge are all types of grafting techniques commonly used in horticulture. However, "Saw" is not a type of grafting technique. Therefore, "Saw" is the correct answer as it does not belong to the category of grafting techniques.

Cleft grafting is a horticultural technique used to join two plant parts together. It involves making a cleft in the stock and inserting a scion into it. Early spring is the best time for cleft grafting because it is the period when plants are actively growing and sap flow is high. This provides optimal conditions for successful grafting, as the scion and stock can quickly heal and grow together. Late spring, early summer, and late fall may not be suitable as the plants may be entering a dormant phase or experiencing extreme temperatures, which can hinder grafting success.

Both A & B refers to the Whip and Tongue grafting techniques. Whip grafting is a method where the rootstock and scion are cut diagonally and joined together, while Tongue grafting involves making a cleft in the rootstock and inserting a similarly shaped scion. In both techniques, the rootstock and scion should ideally be of the same size in diameter for a successful graft.

To prevent drying of the plant tissue, the cut areas that get exposed should be covered with a waterproof material. This is because a waterproof material will create a barrier that prevents moisture loss from the exposed areas, helping to maintain the plant tissue's hydration. Using a tarp or any other waterproof material will effectively protect the cut areas from drying out, ensuring the health and vitality of the plant.

Containerized plants can be moved indoors because they are potted and can easily be transported to different locations within a building. This allows for greater control over their environment, protection from extreme weather conditions, and the ability to create an ideal growing environment with consistent temperature, lighting, and humidity levels. Moving plants indoors also provides the opportunity to enhance their aesthetic appeal and enjoy their beauty and benefits in indoor spaces.

The best scion wood comes from the shoots grown from the previous year. This is because these shoots have had a full growing season to develop and mature, resulting in stronger and healthier wood. New shoots grown in the current year may not have fully developed and may not be as sturdy or reliable. Similarly, scion wood bought from a plant store may not have been grown under ideal conditions or may not be specifically selected for quality, making it less desirable compared to shoots grown from the previous year.

In cleft grafting, one side of the scion is cut thicker than the other. This is done to ensure a secure and tight fit between the scion and the rootstock. By cutting one side thicker, it creates a wedge shape that can be inserted into the cleft made in the rootstock. This allows for better contact and alignment between the two plant parts, improving the chances of successful grafting and the growth of a new plant.

Whip or Tongue grafting should be done in winter because during this season, the plants are dormant and have stopped growing. This allows for easier handling of the plant material and promotes successful grafting. Additionally, the cold temperatures help to slow down the healing process, giving the graft time to establish before the plant starts actively growing again in the spring.