Ggeco University - Horticulture Exam

Booby traps are not legal security measures because they are designed to cause harm or injury to unauthorized individuals. While cameras, alarm systems, and guard dogs are commonly used to deter and detect intruders, booby traps are considered dangerous and can lead to legal consequences. They are not considered appropriate or ethical methods of security, as they pose a risk to innocent individuals and can cause severe harm.

The term used to describe cuttings taken from mother plants is "clones or starts". Cloning or starting a plant involves taking a piece of the mother plant, such as a stem or leaf, and growing a new plant from it. This method allows for the replication of desirable traits from the mother plant to the cloned plant, ensuring that the new plant will have the same characteristics as the original.

PPM stands for "Parts per million." This unit of measurement is used to express the concentration of one substance in a solution or mixture. It represents the number of units of the substance per one million units of the solution or mixture. PPM is commonly used in fields such as chemistry, environmental science, and industry to quantify the amount of a particular component in a sample.

The two differences between indica and sativa plants are their plant height and flowering times. Indica plants tend to be shorter in height compared to sativa plants, while sativa plants are generally taller. Additionally, indica plants have a shorter flowering time, meaning they take less time to mature and produce flowers, whereas sativa plants have a longer flowering time.

The first 72 hours of uninterrupted darkness is the most important step in the drying process because it allows the flowers to properly dry and cure. During this period, the flowers are protected from light, which can degrade the quality of the final product. Darkness helps to preserve the potency and flavor of the flowers. It also allows for optimal moisture evaporation, preventing the growth of mold or mildew. Therefore, ensuring the first 72 hours of uninterrupted darkness is crucial for a successful drying process.

When preparing nutrients, it is important to put in each nutrient individually and then test the pH. This is because different nutrients may have different pH levels, and mixing them together before testing the pH can result in an incorrect reading. By adding the nutrients one by one and testing the pH after each addition, you can ensure that the pH is properly adjusted before moving on to the next nutrient. This helps to create optimal conditions for nutrient absorption by the plants.

Sulfur burners are used for controlling and preventing powder mildew. Powder mildew is a fungal disease that affects plants, causing a white powdery coating on leaves, stems, and flowers. Sulfur is an effective treatment for powder mildew as it acts as a fungicide, inhibiting the growth and spread of the fungus. When sulfur burners are used, they release sulfur dioxide gas, which helps to control and eliminate the powder mildew spores present in the air and on the plant surfaces.

Plants require a certain amount of darkness to initiate the flowering process. This is because the length of uninterrupted darkness triggers the release of certain hormones that stimulate flower development. In order for flowering to occur, a minimum of 12 hours of darkness is needed. Anything less than this may inhibit or delay the flowering process. Therefore, the correct answer is "At least 12 hours".

The desirable room temperature is usually considered to be between 60-75F. This range provides a comfortable environment for most people, allowing them to feel neither too hot nor too cold. It is important to maintain a consistent temperature within this range to promote comfort and productivity. Temperatures below or above this range may lead to discomfort and can affect overall well-being.

Charcoal filters are commonly used to eliminate odor. When air passes through the filter, the activated charcoal absorbs and traps odor-causing molecules, effectively removing the unpleasant smell. This makes charcoal filters a popular choice for various applications where odor control is necessary, such as in air purifiers, water filters, and even in grow rooms to control the smell of cannabis. However, it is important to note that charcoal filters do not filter airborne diseases, as they primarily focus on removing odors.

The first sign of spider mites is the presence of white dots on leaves. Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on plant sap, causing damage to the leaves. As they feed, they puncture the plant cells, leading to the formation of small white dots on the leaves. These dots are actually the damaged plant cells and can be an early indication of a spider mite infestation. It is important to identify and address this issue promptly to prevent further damage to the plant.

During the first 2 weeks of flowering, cannabis plants start to show their sex characteristics, making it possible to determine their sex. This is because female plants begin to develop small white hairs called pistils, while male plants start to produce small sacs called pollen sacs. By closely observing the plants during this stage, it becomes easier to identify their sex and take appropriate actions such as removing male plants to prevent pollination.

A desirable level of humidity for a grow room is 30-50%. This range provides enough moisture for plants to thrive without promoting the growth of mold or mildew. Humidity levels below 30% can lead to dryness and dehydration of plants, while levels above 50% can create a damp environment that encourages the growth of harmful fungi. Therefore, maintaining a humidity level between 30-50% is ideal for optimal plant growth and health in a grow room.

Cannabis should be watered every 3 days. This is because watering too frequently can lead to overwatering and root rot, while watering too infrequently can cause the plants to become dehydrated. By watering every 3 days, it allows the soil to dry out slightly between waterings, ensuring that the plants receive enough moisture without risking waterlogged roots. Additionally, this watering schedule helps promote healthy root growth and prevents the development of mold or fungus in the soil.

HPS bulbs have a different light spectrum compared to metal halide bulbs. This means that the type of light emitted by HPS bulbs is different from the type emitted by metal halide bulbs. This difference in light spectrum can affect the way colors appear under the light and can also impact plant growth. Therefore, the correct answer is that HPS bulbs have a different light spectrum than metal halide bulbs.

Sativas are known for their longer flowering periods compared to other cannabis strains. The standard flowering times for sativas typically range from 70 to 90 days. This longer flowering period allows sativas to fully develop and produce their characteristic uplifting and energizing effects. Sativas generally take more time to mature and produce larger yields, making the 70-90 day range the most accurate answer for the standard flowering times of sativas.

The standard flowering times for indicas are usually around 55-60 days. Indicas are known for their shorter flowering periods compared to sativas, which typically take longer to mature. This shorter flowering time allows indica plants to be harvested sooner, making them popular among growers who want a quicker turnaround.

White flies are considered the least harmful pest because their feeding damage is relatively minimal compared to other pests listed. While they can cause damage to plants by sucking sap and transmitting diseases, their impact is generally less severe than that of thrips, spider mites, or aphids. Thrips can cause significant damage by feeding on plant tissues and spreading viruses, while spider mites can cause leaf discoloration and webbing, and aphids can reproduce rapidly and cause stunted growth and deformities in plants. Therefore, among the given options, white flies are the least harmful.

The pistils of a plant are the female reproductive organs that are responsible for capturing pollen. When the pistils turn from white to red, it indicates that the plant is reaching its maturity and is ready for harvest. This change in color signifies that the plant has completed its reproductive cycle and is now producing mature seeds. Therefore, when the pistils turn from white to red, it is the ideal time to harvest the plant.

In order to promote vegetative growth in plants, they require a longer duration of light exposure. The process of photosynthesis is essential for plant growth, and providing a longer period of light allows plants to produce more energy and grow more rapidly. Therefore, using 18 hours of light is recommended for vegetative plants to ensure optimal growth and development.