Ultimate Quiz On Rivers And Water!

The correct answer is "source." The source of a river refers to the place where it originates or begins. It is the starting point of a river's flow, typically located at a high elevation such as a mountain or a spring. From the source, the river then continues to flow and eventually joins other rivers or bodies of water. The term "source" is commonly used to describe the initial point of a river's journey.

A river which flows into another river is called a tributary. A tributary is a smaller river or stream that contributes its water to a larger river. It joins the larger river at a confluence, where the two rivers meet. The term "tributary" is used to describe the relationship between these rivers, indicating that one river is a smaller, contributing part of the larger river system. A watershed or drainage basin refers to the entire area of land that drains into a specific river or body of water, including all the tributaries and their respective catchment areas.

Waterfalls are formed when a river flows over a band of resistant rock, which is harder and more durable than the surrounding rock. As the river erodes the softer rock around it, the resistant rock creates a step or ledge, causing the water to plunge over it, creating a waterfall. This process is commonly observed in nature, where rivers encounter different types of rock formations, resulting in the formation of waterfalls. Therefore, the statement "Waterfalls commonly form where a river crosses a band of resistant rock" is true.

The section of a river that usually has the steepest gradient is the upper course. In the upper course, the river is closer to its source and has not yet reached its final destination. Therefore, it is still in the mountainous or hilly region where the land is steep and the river flows quickly down slopes. As the river progresses downstream into the middle and lower courses, the gradient decreases, and the river becomes wider and slower.

Oxidation is not a way in which a river erodes. Oxidation is a chemical process that occurs when oxygen reacts with certain minerals or substances, causing them to break down or change composition. While oxidation can occur in some geological processes, it is not directly related to river erosion. Instead, rivers erode through processes such as solution (dissolving of minerals), hydraulic action (force of water against the riverbed), and attrition (wearing down of particles through collision).

A delta is a piece of land that forms when a river carries and deposits sediment into a body of water, typically the sea. Over time, the sediment accumulates and creates a landform that resembles a triangular or fan-shaped piece of land. Deltas are often characterized by their rich soil and diverse ecosystems, making them important habitats for various plant and animal species.

A watershed is the correct answer because it refers to the high land that acts as a boundary, separating one drainage basin from another. It is an elevated area that determines the direction in which water flows, with each side draining into different river systems. The term "mountain" refers to a large landform, "drainage system" refers to the network of rivers and streams, and "confluence" refers to the point where two rivers meet.

An ox bow lake is formed when a meander, a bend in a river, is abandoned by the river. Over time, the river erodes the neck of the meander, causing it to become cut off from the main channel. The abandoned meander then fills with water, forming a curved lake that resembles the shape of an ox bow. This process is a common occurrence in rivers with meandering patterns, and the formation of ox bow lakes is a result of the natural evolution and changing course of rivers over time.

In the lower course of a river, deposition takes place. This is because the velocity of the river decreases, causing it to lose energy and drop the sediment it was carrying. Deposition refers to the process of sediment being laid down or deposited by the river. As the river flows more slowly in the lower course, it is unable to carry as much sediment and therefore deposits it on the riverbed or banks. This leads to the formation of features such as sandbars, deltas, and floodplains.

V-shaped valleys are usually found in the upper course of a river, not the middle course. In the upper course, the river has a steep gradient and is flowing quickly, causing it to erode downwards and create a V-shaped valley. As the river reaches the middle course, the gradient becomes less steep and the river starts to meander, resulting in a wider valley with a gentler slope. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

The correct answer is Interlocking Spurs. Interlocking spurs are formed by the erosion of a river on the sides of a valley. As the river flows downhill, it cuts into the sides of the valley, creating a series of ridges that interlock with each other. This landform is typically found in mountainous areas where the river has to navigate around obstacles such as hills or cliffs. The photograph likely shows a river with steep, V-shaped valleys and ridges on either side, indicating the presence of interlocking spurs.

As a waterfall retreats upstream, it erodes the rock and soil beneath it, creating a steep-sided valley known as a gorge. The force of the water falling over the waterfall causes the erosion to occur more rapidly at the base of the waterfall, leading to the formation of a deep and narrow gorge. Over time, the waterfall will continue to retreat upstream, leaving behind a distinctive gorge feature in the landscape.

In the upper course of a river, the water flow is fast and the gradient is steep. This means that the river has a high energy level and is actively eroding the landscape. Features such as interlocking spurs, waterfalls, and rapids are commonly found in the upper course of a river due to the steep gradient and the presence of resistant rocks. However, braiding is not typically found in the upper course. Braiding occurs when a river splits into multiple channels that weave and braid together. This is more commonly seen in the middle or lower course of a river where the gradient is gentler and there is more sediment deposition.

Levees are natural embankments that form alongside rivers. They are created when sediment and debris are deposited by the river during floods, causing the riverbed to rise. Over time, these deposits build up and create raised banks or levees. Levees help to contain the flow of water within the river channel, preventing flooding in surrounding areas. They are formed through a natural process and are an important feature of river landscapes.

A river basin refers to the total area drained by a river and its tributaries. It includes all the land and water bodies that contribute to the flow of water into the river. This area is often delineated by the topography and geography of the surrounding land, forming a natural boundary for the river's drainage system. The river basin plays a crucial role in the hydrological cycle and the distribution of water resources within a region.

Braiding refers to the phenomenon when a river splits into multiple channels, forming a network of interconnected streams. This typically occurs in areas with high sediment load and variable flow rates. The river's energy is not sufficient to carry all the sediment, leading to the deposition of sediments and the formation of islands and bars between the channels. The channels often shift and change over time, creating a braided pattern. This process is common in mountainous regions or areas with steep gradients, where the river has a high velocity and carries a large amount of sediment.

The most extensive deposits as a result of the eruption of Mount St Helens volcano were the Lateral Blast Deposits.

Tiny particles such as silt are usually transported in suspension. This means that the particles are carried along by the flow of a fluid, such as water or air, without settling to the bottom or rising to the surface. The particles remain suspended and are transported with the fluid's movement. This mode of transportation is common for fine particles like silt, which are too small and light to be transported by saltation (bouncing along the surface) or traction (rolling or sliding along the bottom).

The plate at A is the North American Plate. This plate includes most of North America, as well as parts of the Atlantic Ocean and Greenland. It is one of the major tectonic plates on Earth and is responsible for the formation of various geological features in the region, such as mountains, rift valleys, and earthquakes. The plate is also bordered by other plates, including the Pacific Plate and the Eurasian Plate.

The correct answer is basalt because it is the most frequently found type of igneous rock at location C. Basalt is an extrusive rock, meaning it forms from lava that cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface. It is commonly associated with volcanic activity, making it a volcanic rock.

The term "traction" does not refer to the way in which materials in the river's load are bounced along the riverbed. Traction actually refers to the process by which sediment particles are rolled or pushed along the riverbed by the force of the flowing water.

As a river begins to lose energy, material carried in suspension is actually deposited last, not first. This is because as the river's energy decreases, it can no longer support the weight of the sediment in suspension, causing it to settle and be deposited. The larger and heavier particles are deposited first, while the finer particles remain suspended for longer periods of time before eventually settling. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The correct answer is the process by which rivers grind their load against their bed and banks. This term refers to the action of the river wearing down and eroding the material of its bed and banks by the movement and grinding of the sediment and rocks carried by the water. This process helps shape the river's course and can lead to the formation of features such as river valleys and canyons.

The age range of the ocean crust at point C is 0-60 million years. This means that the ocean crust in that area can range in age from newly formed (0 years) to 60 million years old. The answer of 60 million years is also correct, as it indicates that the maximum age of the ocean crust at point C is 60 million years.

There are numerous options

Traction is the main method of sediment transport in this stage of river development. Traction refers to the process of large sediment particles being rolled or pushed along the riverbed by the force of the flowing water. This method is common in the early stages of river development when the flow is relatively slow and the sediment particles are too large to be transported by other methods such as suspension or saltation.

In the middle course of a river, one would expect to find river cliffs and slip off slopes. As the river flows through the middle course, it has already passed through the upper course where it eroded the landscape and created V-shaped valleys and rapids. In the middle course, the river has a more gentle gradient and starts to meander, leading to the formation of river cliffs on the outer bends and slip off slopes on the inner bends. This is a common feature in the middle course of a river where erosion and deposition processes shape the landscape.