Review Quiz On Environmental Practices! Trivia

Adsorption is the correct answer because it refers to the process of molecules adhering to the surfaces of solid bodies and liquids with which they come into contact. Unlike absorption, which involves the penetration and diffusion of molecules into the interior of a substance, adsorption only occurs on the surface. This phenomenon is commonly observed in various fields, such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science, where it plays a crucial role in processes like catalysis, chromatography, and gas separation.

The preferred hierarchy of waste management starts with source reduction, which involves reducing the amount of waste generated in the first place. This is followed by recycling and reusing materials whenever possible to minimize waste. Treatment comes next, which involves processes such as composting or incineration to reduce the volume or toxicity of waste. Finally, disposal is the last resort and should only be used for waste that cannot be managed through the previous steps. This hierarchy prioritizes prevention and reduction of waste, promoting sustainability and environmental protection.

The three-way catalysts used in automobiles are an example of catalytic reduction and oxidation. These catalysts are designed to reduce harmful emissions from the exhaust gases of the engine. They work by facilitating the conversion of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water (H2O). This process involves both reduction and oxidation reactions, hence the term "catalytic reduction and oxidation." The catalysts promote these reactions by providing a surface for the gases to interact and facilitating the necessary chemical transformations.

Environmental factors investigated for a site investigation typically include soil conditions, geology/hydrogeology, and geo-technical conditions. However, property values are not typically considered as part of the environmental assessment. The focus of a site investigation is to evaluate the physical characteristics of the site, such as the soil composition, geological features, and potential geotechnical issues, rather than the monetary value of the property. Therefore, property values are not included in the list of environmental factors investigated.

Effective Environmental Management Systems are based on the Quality Circle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) approach. This approach involves planning the environmental management system, implementing the planned actions, checking the results to ensure compliance with environmental regulations, and taking corrective actions if necessary. It is a systematic and continuous process that helps organizations to identify and manage their environmental impacts in a proactive and sustainable manner. This approach is widely recognized and used in various management systems, including environmental management systems, as it ensures a structured and effective approach to managing environmental performance.

Appliances are not considered a source of indoor air contaminants because they do not release substances that can pollute the air. While some appliances may produce heat or emit small amounts of gases during operation, these emissions are typically minimal and not harmful to indoor air quality. On the other hand, mold, mildew, bacteria, building materials, furnishings, and personal care products can release pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or allergens that can negatively affect indoor air quality. Therefore, appliances are not considered a significant source of indoor air contaminants.

A developmental toxin refers to a type of toxin that has harmful effects on the embryo, fetus, or causes specific developmental abnormalities in newborns. This type of toxin interferes with the normal development and growth of the organism during the prenatal or early postnatal stages. It can result in various birth defects, impairments, or long-term health issues. Unlike genotoxic substances that cause damage to the genetic material, developmental toxins specifically target the developmental processes of an organism. Therefore, the correct answer is developmental toxin.

Toxics may interact in an organism in various ways. Additive interaction occurs when the combined effect of multiple toxins is equal to the sum of their individual effects. Synergistic interaction happens when the combined effect of multiple toxins is greater than the sum of their individual effects. Potentiation occurs when one toxic substance enhances the effect of another substance. Antagonism occurs when the effect of one toxic substance reduces the effect of another substance. Therefore, the correct answer is "additive, synergistic, potentiation, antagonism".

The given equation involves addition, multiplication, and subtraction operations. By following the order of operations, we first calculate the values inside the parentheses, which are (5x30) and (1x103), resulting in 150 and 103, respectively. Then, we perform the multiplication operation between these values, giving us 15,450. Next, we perform the addition and subtraction operations, resulting in a value of 10,825.2. Finally, we divide this value by 10-5, which is equivalent to 10^5. Therefore, the final answer is 1.5 x 10^10.

Water vapor is the correct answer because it is a primary "greenhouse" gas that is anthropogenic, meaning it is produced by human activities. It also absorbs the largest amount of long wave infrared radiation in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing significantly to the greenhouse effect and global warming.

The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter is conserved, meaning that it cannot be created or destroyed. This principle applies to chemical reactions, where the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products. The Law of Conservation of Mass is the correct answer because it directly relates to the conservation of matter. The Law of Definite Composition refers to the fixed ratio of elements in a compound, Conservation of Energy relates to the conservation of energy rather than matter, and the Law of Multiple Proportions refers to the ratios of elements in different compounds.

Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) is a remediation technique used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil. It involves the extraction of vapors from the soil through the use of a vacuum system. Ethylbenzene, along with TCE, perchloroethylene, and vinyl chloride, is a VOC. However, ethylbenzene is effectively treated using SVE, unlike the other three chemicals listed.

The correct answer is 1100° F. The question asks for the equivalent temperature in Fahrenheit for a temperature of 1560° R. The conversion formula from Rankine to Fahrenheit is °F = °R - 459.67. Plugging in the given temperature, we get 1560 - 459.67 = 1100° F.

Decreasing the temperature of a chemical reaction by 18°F will decrease the reaction rate by a factor of 2. Temperature affects the rate of a chemical reaction according to the Arrhenius equation, which states that the rate of reaction is exponentially dependent on temperature. As temperature decreases, the kinetic energy of the reactant molecules decreases, resulting in fewer successful collisions and a slower reaction rate. A decrease in temperature by 18°F will cause the reaction rate to decrease by a factor of 2, indicating that the reaction will proceed at half the rate compared to the original temperature.

The term "intake dose" refers to the amount of a toxic agent that enters the body. This can occur through various routes such as inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through the skin. It is important to determine the intake dose in toxicology as it helps in assessing the potential harm or toxicity of a substance and in understanding its effects on the body. The other options mentioned in the question, administered dose, ingested dose, and effective dose, do not accurately describe the amount of a toxic agent that enters the body.

Costs for fines are not normally presented as an environmental cost because they are typically seen as a legal or regulatory consequence rather than a direct environmental impact. Environmental costs usually refer to the expenses associated with pollution prevention, waste management, resource depletion, and other activities that directly affect the environment. Fines, on the other hand, are imposed as a penalty for non-compliance with environmental regulations and are not typically considered a direct cost of environmental impact.

Leaded gasoline can poison catalytic converters because lead is a toxic pollutant that can accumulate in the catalytic converter and damage its functionality. The catalytic converter is an important component of an automobile's exhaust system that helps reduce harmful emissions. When leaded gasoline is used, lead particles can be released into the exhaust gases and contaminate the catalytic converter, impairing its ability to convert harmful pollutants into less harmful substances. Therefore, restricting the use of lead additives in gasoline helps prevent the poisoning of catalytic converters and ensures the proper functioning of the vehicle's emission control system.

Dinitrophenol is generally considered as a semi-volatile organic compound because it has a moderate vapor pressure and can evaporate into the air at room temperature. Semi-volatile organic compounds have the ability to exist in both the gas and particle phases in the atmosphere, and dinitrophenol meets this criteria. Benzene, dichloroethane, and TCE are volatile organic compounds, meaning they have high vapor pressures and readily evaporate into the air.

Coagulation is a process in water treatment that helps remove suspended particles and colloids from water. It involves the addition of a coagulant, which causes the particles to come together and form larger flocs that can be easily removed. However, coagulation is not effective in removing dissolved substances such as chloride, sulfate, or nitrate ions. These pollutants are in a dissolved form and do not form particles that can be easily removed through coagulation. Therefore, the correct answer is chloride, sulfate, or nitrate.

The flow rate of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure and directly proportional to its temperature. In this scenario, the gas is being heated and compressed, which increases both the temperature and pressure. However, the flow rate remains constant. Therefore, the flow rate will still be 87 acfm.