FSOT : Practice Quiz On Economics! Trivia

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1. Economic models are

Explanation

Economic models are a helpful guide. Marxism is just one example of the damage that can occur when an economic model is taken to the extreme.

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About This Quiz
FSOT : Practice Quiz On Economics! Trivia - Quiz


Are you ready for this FSOT practice quiz on economics? This quiz may be of assistance. You will be responsible for grasping the supply/demand economic theory. Who is... see moreSouth America’s only OPEC member, what is the communist manifesto, what does laissez-faire mean, what book did Adam Smith write, what economic style are you most influenced by, and which currency is no longer traded? See how you are with money matters and take the quiz. see less

2. Adam Smith wrote his landmark book in 1776, called the

Explanation

Written the same year as the Declaration of Independence, Adam Smith's economic opus (much referred to but little read) is called The Wealth of Nations.

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3. Despite having sizable natural resources, only a few countries in Africa have been able to make use of mining as a launching pad for sustained economic development.  Which of the following explains this?

Explanation

Political instability and government corruption have prevented most of Africa's countries from making use of abundant natural resources. The lack of local capital does not play a significant role, because sizable investors do exist in Africa. International investors tend to avoid placing their money where there is political instability and bad governance.

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4. If the economy is growing too quickly or too slowly, the _________ will adjust monetary policy by changing the discount rate.

Explanation

The Federal Reserve will adjust monetary policy by increasing or decreasing the discount rate or the interest rate the Federal Reserve charges on loans it makes to banks. By increasing or decreasing this rate, the Fed can discourage or encourage banks to borrow the funds it creates and, therefore, make more loans to the public.

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5. If you favor governmental spending to reduce the down portion of an economic cycle, you are most influenced by

Explanation

Keynes advocated government spending to flatten out the business cycle.

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6. During the Middle Ages, international trade flourished as

Explanation

Although many people think of international trade as being a modern phenomena, it in fact has existed as long as mankind itself.

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7. Importing $10 billion of Chinese goods in 2003, this U.S. company would be Chinas's fifth-largest partner if it were a country.

Explanation

Wal-Mart continues to be the largest American importer.

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8. An economist who advocates that governments take a laissez-faire approach to the economy is advocating

Explanation

Laissez-faire policies mean a policy of (governmental) non-intervention. In the field of economics, laissez-faire policies such as free trade were persuasively advocated by Adam Smith in his book The Wealth of Nations (1776).

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9. This important sector of the U.S. economy has caused much concern because of its perceived decline.

Explanation

The United States' manufacturing sector's decline has continued to grab headlines. As of January, 2004, the number of such jobs stood at 14.3 million, down by 3.0 million jobs, or 17.5 percent, since July 2000 and about 5.2 million since the historical peak in 1979. Employment in manufacturing was its lowest since July 1950.

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10. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes corrupt payments to foreign officials illegal and extends to 

Explanation

The Foreign Corrupts Practices Act is an important sharper of U.S. business practices overseas. All U.S. citizens, companies, and employees (even if they are not U.S. citizens) fall under the auspices of this act; however, the act applies only to corrupt transactions with foreign government officials.

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11. U.S. producers have requested trade protection in the following trade sectors:

Explanation

U.S. producers from the automobile, steel, and textile industries have all requested trade protection from foreign imports.

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12. South America's only OPEC member is

Explanation

Venezuela is South America's only member of OPEC.

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13. Despite the general decline of the dollar in 2004 vis-a-vis the euro and the yen, China's currency, the Yuan, closely followed the dollar in its valuation.  Many economist said that China had _________ the Yuan to the dollar.

Explanation

Pegged is the economic term used to indicate that a country has established its exchange rate by legislation or market operations.

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14. Despite its advanced economy, which of the following countries is not a member of the European Union?

Explanation

Despite Switzerland's advanced economy, it continues to remain outside of the European Union.

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15. Studies of Americans clearly indicate that an overwhelming number

Explanation

Study after study indicates that Americans see themselves overwhelmingly as middle-class.

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16. Which of the following is consistent with a favorable trade balance?

Explanation

A favorable trade balance indicates that a country exports more than its imports from another country.

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17. Many critics claimed that China's policy of keeping an artificially low Yan

Explanation

Critics of China's policies usually claim that its policy of keeping its currency undervalued underprices goods, making products from more freely traded currencies less competitive.

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18. The 1951 creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) with six members -- Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, France, Italy, and the Netherlands -- is commonly accepted as being the forerunner to the 

Explanation

The European Union originated from the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and organization meant to organize the free movement of coal and steel and free access to sources of production. In addition, a common central authority supervised the market, oversaw respect for competition, and ensured price transparency.

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19. Since World War II, the agriculture sector's contribution to GDP among first-world nations has generally 

Explanation

As agriculture's importance in the first world has diminished, its percentage of the GDP has steadily diminished as well.

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20. Tariffs on ______ imports have raised U.S. prices many times higher than the world average, while helping impoverish many Caribbean nations.

Explanation

U.S. tariffs on sugar imports from the Caribbean have kept U.S. sugar prices many times higher than the world average and have helped impoverish many Caribbean nations.

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21. Which of the following statements about comparative advantage is true?

Explanation

Comparative advantage is the idea that countries gain when they produce those items that they are most efficient at producing. In other words, Saudi Arabia has an advantage in producing high quality oil cheaply, therefore, it should use its export earnings to buy items such as wheat, which it has little ability to produce in comparison with Australia or Argentina.

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22. The economist John Maynard Keynes was born in 1883 and advocated

Explanation

Keynes is known for advocating that government practice a more interventionist economic policy.

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23. The traditional informal channel for transferring funds between various Middle East cities is called

Explanation

The Hawala system has come under much scrutiny by international money laundering watchdogs, because it is an informal channel for transferring funds between different parts of the Middle East, thus avoiding traditional bank-oversight institutions.

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24. If you are a member of Mercosur, you must be a country located in

Explanation

Mercosur is the name of a South American free trade association. Members include Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, and other South American nations.

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25. Despite relatively low unemployment between 1999 and 2004, inflationary pressures have not been evident.  Why not?

Explanation

Many factors, including historically low energy prices, increased efficiencies due to advantages in high technology, and downward pricing pressures from cheap offshore manufacturing centers all have contributed to keeping inflation at bay.

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26. Which currency is no longer traded?

Explanation

The German Mark is no longer a currency, because it was replaced by the Euro in 2002.

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27. The consumer price index (CPI) is

Explanation

The consumer price index is the measure of change over time in prices paid by urban consumers for a market of goods and services.

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28. President Bush's economic advisor can

Explanation

The president's economic advisor has no official role in the economy, although his or her comments and view can have a powerful effect.

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29. Conventional wisdom suggests that as stock values increase, bond yields

Explanation

Bond yields typically decrease as stock yields increase. AS the economy improves (and stock prices rise), companies have an easier time raising money on the stock market; thus, bond issues decline. As the economy declines, bond yields rise as companies look to bond issues to raise capital.

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30. This disease (or diseases) significantly dampened economic growth in some countries.

Explanation

Bird flu had a significant impact on economies in Southeastern Asia, while mad cow has had a significant impact on the U.K., Canadian, and other economies. AIDS has had a devastating effect on many economies in the world, particularly Africa.

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31. The 1998 collapse of the Long-Term Capital Management, a ________, almost led to the collapse of capital markets around the world, and led to a $3.4 billion bail out.

Explanation

Long-Term Capital Management was a hedge fund. A hedge fund uses futures to offset investment risk and is usually only available to the very wealthy.

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32. Consumption + investment + government spending + exports - imports =

Explanation

Gross national product.

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33. In a weak economy, bond yields generally 

Explanation

In general, in a weak economy, bond yields rise, because the cost of borrowing increases as corporations issue more bonds rather than sell stock to raise capital. Conversely, as the economy improves, borrowing becomes easier, and bond yields fall.

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34. Hyper inflation is relatively rare, but was experienced during

Explanation

At one point, Weimar Germany's inflation rate was 4 trillion percent (November 15, 1923). In contrast, the United States actually suffered from deflation during the Great Depression, as agricultural prices dropped 51 percent (1929-1933).

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35. Classical economic theory has long argued that low unemployment will result in _______ as workers demand higher wages.

Explanation

The Phillips curve represents the relationship between employment and wage inflation and indicates that wages tend to rise as unemployment falls.

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36. Russia has generally maintained a trade surplus with Europe because of

Explanation

Russia maintains an overall trade surplus with Europe because of high revenues from energy sales.

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37. The German capitalistic model is typified by

Explanation

German capitalism is characterized by a consensus between its large corporations and the state.

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38. Gold frequently increases in value during political or economic instability because

Explanation

Gold is no longer used to back currency and has little intrinsic value, but in times of crisis, investors tend to gravitate toward gold as a reliable store of value.

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39. The 1999 _______ meeting in Seattle is best known for the violent anti-globalization protests that occurred.

Explanation

The 1999 WTO meeting in Seattle became a lightning rod for anti-globalism protesters.

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40. _____________ was legislation enacted in response to the high-profile Enron and WorldCom financial scandals to protect shareholders and the general public from accounting errors and fraudulent accounting practices.

Explanation

Congress enacted the 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act to better protect shareholders and the general public from accounting errors and fraudulent company accounting practices such as occurred at Enron and WorldCom.

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41. Based on supply/demand economic theory, price controls on the supply of wheat during a famine would result in

Explanation

According to supply/demand economics, price controls on the supply of wheat during a famine will almost always result in a scarcity of low-cost wheat. Supply/demand economics define price as the single most important factor. Accordingly, few suppliers will be willing to supply low-cost wheat if consumers are willing to pay higher costs on the black market. Further, if the price does not match the seller's perception of risk and actual expenses, sellers will withhold the product from the market, thus aggravating the already dire situation.

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42. The largest category included in gross domestic product (GDP) is

Explanation

Personal consumption consistently represents 75 percent of gross national product (GNP), by far the largest category included in calculating a country's GDP.

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43. Which of these works first introduced Marxism?

Explanation

Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848 and then followed it up with Das Kapital, written in 1867, thus setting the stage for Marxism as an ideology. Adolf Hitler wrote Mein Kampf.

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44. In 2001, Russia implemented this type of tax system on personal income.

Explanation

In 2001, Russia implemented a flat tax of 13 percent on personal income.

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45. For which of the following products would demand be inelastic?

Explanation

In the event of a large price increase, it would be relatively easy for customers to avoid the price increase by purchasing alternative products, for example, buying carrots rather than lettuce, choosing a Honda Accord rather than a Ford Explorer SUV, or renting a DVD rather than purchasing movie tickets. However, because vegetables comprise an entire category, it would be more difficult for consumers to change their buying habits to avoid the price increases associated with vegetables. Demand (or supply) is elastic if a small change in price results in a large change in demand. Conversely, is a small change in price does not result in a large change in demand, the demand is said to be inelastic.

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46. Which is most true?

Explanation

Despite many years of study, economists can usually indicate only that a recession is in progress when firms and consumers suddenly change behaviors.

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47. At a price of $5, consumers wish to buy 100 widgets per month, but producers are willing to produce only 50 widgets per month.  What best describes what will happen to the price?

Explanation

If the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, the price will rise until the point at which the price reaches the equilibrium price -- that is, the intersection of supply and demand.

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48. A decline in the dollar's value would benefit

Explanation

A decline in a currency's value always benefits exporters, while tourists, truck drivers, importers, and other consumers who rely on imported goods or must purchase goods denominated in another currency will generally suffer as their purchasing power diminishes.

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49. During much of the 19th century, the United States had _____________ as European financed the building of canals and railroads.

Explanation

The United States had an unfavorable balance of payments as European capital financed building projects.

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50. It was the dramatic 1911 breakup of this American monopoly that helped set the stage for the modern American economy.

Explanation

The breakup of Standard Oil, led by President Theodore Roosevelt, helped set the stage for the modern American economy, because it allowed smaller private companies to pursue oil production. The remnants of Standard Oil became dynamic separate entities, such as Exxon and Mobil.

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51. Which U.S. city has historically been associated with commodity trading?

Explanation

The Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) was established in 1848 to conduct commodity trading on agricultural commodities such as corn or wheat.

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52. The G8 was known as the G7 until the introduction of this country:

Explanation

Russia was added to the G7 in 1997 at the behest of President Clinton. The heads of state of the G8 nations meet to discuss political and economic matters.

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53. Which of these Federal Agencies combats money laundering?

Explanation

The Federal Reserve, the Department of Justice, and the Treasury Department all play a role in combating money laundering.

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54. This modern world leader introduced the world to the concept of privatization: the state selling off loss-making state companies.

Explanation

Margaret Thatcher became the first world leader to implement the privatization of loss-making, state owned enterprises when she sold off 51 percent of British Telecom in 1984. She followed up this sale by selling off British Gas (1986) and British Petroleum (1987).

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55. In July 1944, even as World War II still raged, delegates met to sign the Bretton-Woods Agreement, which did not result in the following:

Explanation

The Bretton-Woods Agreement did everything except launch the Marshall Plan. The Bretton-Woods Agreement provided for the combating of currency fluctuation by pegging their currency to gold and a reserve currency (which became the U.S. dollar by default), created the IMF, and created the International Bank for Reconstruction (later became the World Bank).

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56. Which of the following would not be counted as a part of India's gross domestic product (GDP)?

Explanation

An expatriate Indian engineer's wages earned in New York would not be counted as part of India's gross domestic product, because it was not earned in India. However, the sum of all goods and services produced in a country (even theft) are considered part of its GDP.

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57. The 1995 conclusion to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations, also called the Uruguay Round, resulted in the founding of the 

Explanation

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks resulted in the founding of the World Trade Organization in 1995. The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules for trade between nations.

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58. When demand dramatically increases for a little-known fashion name because of positive media exposure, this will cause a(n) _________ shift in the demand curve.

Explanation

The demand graph will shift to the right. Product and the supply have not changed, but demand has increased along with the price.

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59. Despite decades of foreign aid to the third world, many economists are searching for new economic models to explain why most of these economies have failed to improve markedly.  The noted Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto argues that the third-world nations have done poorly because of

Explanation

Hernando de Soto argues that many third-world nations have not succeeded economically because of the lack of property rights protection for their citizens. He estimated that some third-world countries have many billions of dollars in capital that are locked away, because the property cannot be securely bought or sold.

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60. The Federal Reserve System was created by Congress in ___________ to provide for a safer, more flexible, banking and monetary system.

Explanation

The Federal Reserve System was created by Congress in 1913 to help create a safer banking system that could meed the demands of a rapidly growing economy.

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61. In the 17th century, an increased supply of South American gold in Europe caused prices to rise (inflation).  In the 21st century, countries experiencing large net inflows of currency must __________ in order to avoid inflationary pressures.

Explanation

In order to avoid inflation, countries sterilize their currency when faced with significant net currency inflows. This is accomplished by parking the incoming currency in foreign currency bonds. That is one reason why countries with strong exports to the United States, such as Japan or China, purchase large quantities of U.S. treasury bonds.

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62. In recent years, farmers have plowed under their corn or wheat, rather than harvest it for market.  This decision is best explained by

Explanation

The rising marginal cost of producing agricultural products best explains this behavior. Marginal costs are the additional costs associated with producing one more unit of output. In other words, the value obtained by adding additional inputs (fertilizer, fuel, time) was not worth a harvest, thus the decision to plow the crop under.

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63. Which of the following would have the same effect as an export on the U.S. balance of payments?

Explanation

The wire transfer gift would be considered an export, because the funds would be considered a debit in the current account.

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64. Canada, the United States, and Mexico approved the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in December 1992.  The agreement provided for

Explanation

The 1992 approval of NAFTA provided for the gradual elimination of tariffs in many sectors and continued the Mexican oil industry's hands-off status from foreign investors. Although NAFTA provided for the loosening of some immigration requirements, it did not provide for the elimination of all immigration barriers.

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65. An important early measure of U.S. business investment plans is this statistic:

Explanation

Although it is the smallest of the three areas of consumer spending, the reports watched most carefully is spending for durable goods. Purchase of these items could be postponed by consumers so they reflect the consumers' mood toward spending.

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66. Which of the following would not be considered a non-tariff barrier to trade?

Explanation

Increasing health standards for meat imports, limiting Japanese car imports, and subsidizing sugar beet production would all amount to non-tariff barriers to trade. A non-tariff barrier is any barrier that does not relate to a direct tariff on an import.

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67. In 1898, President _____________ launched the trust-busting era, when he appointed the U.S. Industrial Commission on Trusts, which interrogated Carnegie, Rockefeller, Schwab, and other industrial titans.

Explanation

Although Theodore Roosevelt is well known as a trustbuster, it was President William McKinley who appointed the U.S. Industrial Commission on trusts, and thus shaped the United States' modern economy.

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68. Which of the following is contractionary fiscal policy?

Explanation

When government revenues are higher than expenditures with a resulting decrease in the federal deficit, the fiscal policy is said to be contractionary. An expansionary fiscal policy would result in increased deficits and would likely result from the government's attempts to stimulate the economy.

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69. If Country A can produce Commodity X and Y while using two output units, and neighboring Country B can produce Commodity X and Y while using three output units, it is most likely that

Explanation

Classical economics suggests that two countries will always mutually benefit by trading with the other.

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70. An astute foreign observer will often look to this indicator as the first (but not the strongest) indicator of the U.S. economy's strength or weakness.

Explanation

Information on automobile sales has two major advantages relative to other economic information. In the first place, they are available early; sales are reported about five business days following the end of the month. Second, unlike other reports, the report's findings are not usually subject to revisions.

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71. It was Francis Cabot Lowe's introduction of this machine that helped launch the United States' industrial revolution.

Explanation

Francis Cabot Lowe introduced the power loom to New England region in 1813, which eventually led to the industrialization of the United States' economy.

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72. After World War II, many economists argued that the developing world should move to

Explanation

After World War II, many economists called on developing nations to develop import substitution policies to replace imports with domestically produced goods. Usually this meant using tariff and non-tariff measures to prevent the importation of imported goods in order to protect domestic industries.

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73. Which of the following is not true about dumping in the trade context.

Explanation

In reference to dumping, U.S. law does not make a difference between competitive and predatory (unfair) pricing.

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74. In 2003 and 2004, the largest exporter in the world (in dollar terms) was

Explanation

Remarkably, Germany remained the largest exporter in the world in 2003 and 2004.

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75. Which of the following is True?

Explanation

The IMF was founded in 1965 to help promote the health of the world economy.

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Economic models are
Adam Smith wrote his landmark book in 1776, called the
Despite having sizable natural resources, only a few countries in...
If the economy is growing too quickly or too slowly, the _________...
If you favor governmental spending to reduce the down portion of an...
During the Middle Ages, international trade flourished as
Importing $10 billion of Chinese goods in 2003, this U.S. company...
An economist who advocates that governments take a laissez-faire...
This important sector of the U.S. economy has caused much concern...
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes corrupt payments to foreign...
U.S. producers have requested trade protection in the following trade...
South America's only OPEC member is
Despite the general decline of the dollar in 2004 vis-a-vis the euro...
Despite its advanced economy, which of the following countries is not...
Studies of Americans clearly indicate that an overwhelming number
Which of the following is consistent with a favorable trade balance?
Many critics claimed that China's policy of keeping an artificially...
The 1951 creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) with...
Since World War II, the agriculture sector's contribution to GDP among...
Tariffs on ______ imports have raised U.S. prices many times higher...
Which of the following statements about comparative advantage is true?
The economist John Maynard Keynes was born in 1883 and advocated
The traditional informal channel for transferring funds between...
If you are a member of Mercosur, you must be a country located in
Despite relatively low unemployment between 1999 and 2004,...
Which currency is no longer traded?
The consumer price index (CPI) is
President Bush's economic advisor can
Conventional wisdom suggests that as stock values increase, bond...
This disease (or diseases) significantly dampened economic growth in...
The 1998 collapse of the Long-Term Capital Management, a ________,...
Consumption + investment + government spending + exports - imports =
In a weak economy, bond yields generally 
Hyper inflation is relatively rare, but was experienced during
Classical economic theory has long argued that low unemployment will...
Russia has generally maintained a trade surplus with Europe because of
The German capitalistic model is typified by
Gold frequently increases in value during political or economic...
The 1999 _______ meeting in Seattle is best known for the violent...
_____________ was legislation enacted in response to the high-profile...
Based on supply/demand economic theory, price controls on the supply...
The largest category included in gross domestic product (GDP) is
Which of these works first introduced Marxism?
In 2001, Russia implemented this type of tax system on personal...
For which of the following products would demand be inelastic?
Which is most true?
At a price of $5, consumers wish to buy 100 widgets per month, but...
A decline in the dollar's value would benefit
During much of the 19th century, the United States had _____________...
It was the dramatic 1911 breakup of this American monopoly that helped...
Which U.S. city has historically been associated with commodity...
The G8 was known as the G7 until the introduction of this country:
Which of these Federal Agencies combats money laundering?
This modern world leader introduced the world to the concept of...
In July 1944, even as World War II still raged, delegates met to sign...
Which of the following would not be counted as a part of India's gross...
The 1995 conclusion to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade...
When demand dramatically increases for a little-known fashion name...
Despite decades of foreign aid to the third world, many economists are...
The Federal Reserve System was created by Congress in ___________ to...
In the 17th century, an increased supply of South American gold in...
In recent years, farmers have plowed under their corn or wheat, rather...
Which of the following would have the same effect as an export on the...
Canada, the United States, and Mexico approved the North American Free...
An important early measure of U.S. business investment plans is this...
Which of the following would not be considered a non-tariff barrier to...
In 1898, President _____________ launched the trust-busting era, when...
Which of the following is contractionary fiscal policy?
If Country A can produce Commodity X and Y while using two output...
An astute foreign observer will often look to this indicator as the...
It was Francis Cabot Lowe's introduction of this machine that helped...
After World War II, many economists argued that the developing world...
Which of the following is not true about dumping in the trade context.
In 2003 and 2004, the largest exporter in the world (in dollar terms)...
Which of the following is True?
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