Radiation Oncology Resident 3

The correct answer provides the specific 3 year survival rate (91%) and the local control rate (94%) for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma with radiation therapy (RT). The incorrect answers are variations with different percentages to test knowledge on this topic.

Parameningeal sites of rhabdomyosarcoma refer to specific areas adjacent to the meninges in the head and neck region, not organs like the brain, liver, or spleen.

Desmoid tumors arise from the connective tissue of the fascia and aponeurosis of muscle, not from the epidermis, bone marrow, or cartilage.

Desmoids most commonly occur in the anterior abdominal wall and pelvis due to their fibrous nature and frequent association with previous surgical sites in these areas.

Desmoid tumors are typically managed with a conservative approach initially, with wide local excision (WLE) being the preferred treatment. If they recur, further surgeries with radiation therapy and other options like steroid injections or observation may be considered.

Desmoid tumors are commonly associated with Gardner's syndrome, also known as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). While Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome, and Turcot syndrome are all genetic syndromes that have their own associated health risks, they are not specifically linked to desmoid tumors.

Radiation therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for desmoid in the shoulder cuff, as it helps to reduce the size of the tumor and alleviate symptoms.

Desmoid tumors are characterized by spindle cells in bundles surrounded by collagen and typically show few mitoses. The incorrect options describe different pathologic appearances that do not match the characteristics of desmoid tumors.

Osteosarcoma is characterized by a starburst appearance on imaging studies.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in Children and Young adults, accounting for 50% of cases. Ewing sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Fibrosarcoma are also bone tumors but are not as common in this age group.

Codman's triangle is a characteristic feature seen in x-rays of patients with osteosarcoma. It is created by the lifting of the periosteum by the aggressive bone tumor.

Ewing's sarcoma accounts for approximately 35% of all bone tumors in children and young adults.

Giant cell tumors are benign yet aggressive tumors that commonly occur around the knee joint. They tend to arise after the growth plates have closed and are typically managed with surgical resection. Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Liposarcoma are other types of bone tumors that do not match the description provided.

Chondrosarcoma is characterized by its wind blown fluffy appearance with patchy calcifications. Osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and fibrosarcoma do not typically present with this specific imaging feature.

Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor that can develop in response to radiation exposure, whereas Chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and Fibrosarcoma are not typically associated with radiation induction.

The correct answer includes chemo regimens doxorubicin, epirubicin, and ifosfamide with a response rate of 20%. The incorrect answers provide different chemo regimens and response rates to test your knowledge on the topic.

Lymphangiosarcoma can also commonly occur in the scalp, in addition to its association with chronic lymphedema.

The correct answer is 80%. This indicates that a significant proportion of distant metastases for sarcoma occur within the first 2 years of initial treatment.

Sarcomas commonly metastasize to the lungs, with isolated pulmonary metastases being the most common pattern of spread, accounting for 50% of recurrences.

Synovial cell sarcoma most commonly occurs in the extremities, particularly in the legs and arms, and frequently affects the hands, feet, and knees.

Sarcomas associated with the epiphysis include chondroblastoma, osteosarcoma, giant cell tumor, and aneurysmal bone cyst which is a well-established fact in oncology.

The metaphysis is a common location for osteosarcoma, Ewings sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and aneurysmal bone cysts due to the high rate of bone growth and remodeling in that area.

Sarcomas commonly associated with diaphysis include chondrosarcoma, osteochondroma, metastatic carcinoma, and ewing's sarcoma. Hemangioma, liposarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma are not typically associated with the diaphysis.

In the staging of malignant bone tumors, the differentiation between low grade (stage I) and high grade (stage II) is based on the aggressiveness of the tumor, while metastatic tumors fall in stage III due to the presence of distant metastasis.

Parosteal osteosarcoma is typically a low grade tumor that is effectively treated with surgical resection alone, resulting in a high survival rate of around 90%.

Periosteal osteosarcoma has a high risk of metastasis development, therefore chemotherapy is recommended as part of adjuvant treatment to reduce this risk.

Osteosarcoma of the jaw typically has an indolent course, characterized by local recurrences rather than distant metastases. This type of cancer tends to grow slowly in the local area rather than spreading quickly to other parts of the body.

EG-MODE stands for key components related to bone pathologies and tumors, specifically osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in different regions of the bone structure.

Rhabdomyosarcoma distribution varies with 10% in the Head and Neck, 16% in the parameningeal region, and 9% in the orbit, making the overall H&N involvement 38%.

Rhabdomyosarcoma distribution varies across different anatomical locations, with each having a specific percentage of cases. The correct percentages are 22% GU, 18% extremity, 7% trunk, and 8% Retroperitoneal.